A AC/DC C Con nverte er Non-IIsolattion B Buck Conv verter PWM me ethod d 3 W 24 V BM M2P24 49TF Reference e Boa ard Noticce High Voltage Saffety Prec cautions Read all a safety prrecautions before use e Please note thatt this doccument co overs onlyy the BM2P249TF evaluation n board 249TF-EVK K-001) and d its functio ons. For ad dditional infformation, please refe er to the (BM2P2 datashe eet. To ensu ure safe operatio on, please carefu ully read all precautions before handling g the eva aluation b board Depe ending on tthe configu uration of the board a and voltage es used, Pote entially lethal volltages may be ge enerated.. There efore, please make sure to read and o observe all sa afety precautions describe ed in the re ed box below w. Before Use U [1] Verify tthat the parts/componen nts are not damaged or missing m (i.e. due to the d drops). [2] Check that there are no condu uctive foreign n objects on the board. [3] Be care eful when pe erforming so oldering on the module and/or a evaluation board to ensure th hat solder splash does not occcur. [4] Check that there iss no condenssation or wa ater droplets on the circu uit board. During U Use [5] Be care eful to not allow conductive objects to come into o contact witth the board. [6] Brief a accidental c contact or even e bringin ng your han nd close to the t board m may result in n discha arge and lea ad to severe e injury or d death. Therefore, DO NOT to ouch the boa ard with your bare han nds or bring g them too c close to the e board. In addition, as mentione ed above ple ease exercisse extreme ccaution when n using cond ductive toolss such as tweezers an nd screwdrivvers. [7] If used under cond ditions beyon nd its rated vvoltage, it ma ay cause de efects such as a short-circuit or, depend ding on the ccircumstances, explosio on or other permanent da amages. [8] Be sure e to wear inssulated glovves when handling is req quired during g operation. After Use e [9] The RO OHM Evaluattion Board ccontains the circuits whicch store the high voltage e. Since it sto ores the chargess even after the connectted power circuits are cu ut, please disscharge the electricity affter using it, and p please deal w with it after cconfirming such electric discharge. [10] Protectt against ele ectric shockss by wearing g insulated gloves when handling. This evalu uation boarrd is intend ded for use e only in re esearch an nd develop pment facilities and should by handled o only by qu ualified pe ersonnel fa amiliar with all safe ety and op perating es. procedure We recom mmend carrrying out operation in n a safe environment that includ des the use e of high voltage sig gnage at all entrance es, safety in nterlocks, a and protecttive glasse es. ww ww.rohm.com m (c)2 2018 ROHM M Co., Ltd. All rights rese erved. HVB B01E User's Guide AC/DC Converter Non-Isolation Buck Converter PWM method Output 3 W 24 V BM2P249TF Reference Board BM2P249TF-EVK-001 The BM2P249TF-EVK-001 evaluation board outputs 24 V voltage from the input of 90 Vac to 264 Vac. The output current supplies up to 0.125 A. BM2P249TF which is PWM method DC/DC converter IC built-in 650 V MOSFET is used. The BM2P249TF contributes to low power consumption by built-in a 650 V starting circuit. Built-in current detection resistor realizes compact power supply design. Current mode control imposes current limitation on every cycle, providing superior performance in bandwidth and transient response. The switching frequency is 100 kHz in fixed mode. At light load, frequency is reduced and high efficiency is realized. Built-in frequency hopping function contributes to low EMI. Low on-resistance 9.5 650 V MOSFET built-in contributes to low power consumption and easy design. Figure 1. BM2P249TF-EVK-001 Electronics Characteristics Not guarantee the characteristics, is representative value. Unless otherwise noted :VIN = 230 Vac, IOUT = 50 mA, Ta:25 C Parameter Min Typ Max Units Input Voltage Range 90 230 264 Vac Input Frequency 47 50/60 63 Hz 21.6 24.0 26.4 V - - 3.0 W 2 50 125 mA Stand-by Power - 105 - mW Efficiency - 81.4 - % - 31 - mVpp -10 +25 +65 C Output Voltage Maximum Output Power Output Current Range (NOTE1) Output Ripple Voltage (NOTE2) Operating Temperature Range Conditions IOUT = 125 mA IOUT = 0 A IOUT = 125 mA (NOTE1) Please adjust operating time, within any parts surface temperature under 105 C (NOTE2) Not include spike noise (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide Operation Procedure 1. Operation Equipment (1) AC Power supply 90 Vac264 Vac, over 10W (2) Electronic Load capacity 0.125 A (3) Multi meter 2. Connect method (1) AC power supply presetting range 90~264 Vac, Output switch is off. (2) Load setting under 0.125 A. Load switch is off. (3) AC power supply N terminal connect to the board AC (N) of CN1, and L terminal connect to AC(L). (4) Load + terminal connect to VOUT, GND terminal connect to GND terminal (5) AC power meter connect between AC power supply and board. (6) Output test equipment connects to output terminal (7) AC power supply switch ON. (8) Check that output voltage is 24 V. (9) Electronic load switch ON (10) Check output voltage drop by load connect wire resistance $& 3RZHU 6XSSO\ V (OHFWURQLF /RDG 3RZHU 0HWHU '&0XOWL0HWHU CN1: from the top AC (L), AC (N) Figure 2. Connection Circuit Deleting Maximum Output Power Po of this reference board is 3 W. If ambient temperature is over 50 C, The derating curve is shown on the right. Please adjust load continuous time by over 105 C of any parts surface temperature. 2XWSXW3RZHU3R>:@ $PELHQW7HPSDUDWXUH7D>@ Figure 3. Temperature Deleting curve (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide Application Circuit VIN = 90 ~ 264 Vac, VOUT = 24 V ' s E E 'E/ E E Z/E E / $&9 ,& 9287 ' 1 *1' Figure 4. BM2P249TF-EVK-001 Application Circuit The BM2P209TF is non-insulation method without opto-coupler and feeds back the VCC voltage to 24.0 V typ. This VCC voltage is the voltage between the VCC pin and the GND_IC pin. The output voltage VOUT is defined by the following equation. VCNT: VCC Control Voltage VFD1: Forward Voltage of diode D1 VFD2: Forward Voltage of diode D2 s & 'E Z/E Z/E ^KhZ 9287 / $&9 1 B B *1' Figure 5. General Buck converter application circuit Compared to the general Buck converter as shown above, the number of parts is reduced because the feedback circuit is not required. However, the output voltage may rise at light load because the VCC voltage and the output voltage that are fed back are different. In that case, please put a resistance on the output terminal and lower the output voltage. (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide BM2P249TF Overview Feature Key specifications PWM Frequency =100kHz Power Supply Voltage Operation Range: PWM current mode method VCC: Frequency hopping function 10.60 V to 26.80 V DRAIN: to 650 V Burst operation at light load Normal Operation Current: 0.85 mA(Typ) Built-in 650 start circuit Burst Operation Current: 0.45 mA(Typ) Built-in 650V switching MOSFET Oscillation Frequency: VCC pin under voltage protection Operation Temperature Range: 100 kHz(Typ) VCC pin over voltage protection MOSFET Ron: -40 C ~ +105 C 9.5 e (Typ.) Over current limiter function per cycle Soft start function Application LED lights, air conditioners, and cleaners, (etc.). : 7\S [' 7\S [+ 7\S SOP-J8 5.00 mm x 6.20 mm x 1.71 mm Pitch 1.27 mm Figure 6. SOP8 Package (*) Product structureSilicon monolithic integrated circuit This product has no designed protection against radioactive rays (*) Operating the IC over the absolute maximum ratings may damage the IC. The damage can either be a short circuit between pins or an open circuit between pins and the internal circuitry. Therefore, it is important to consider circuit protection measures, such as adding a fuse, in case the IC is operated over the absolute maximum ratings. Table 1. BM2P249TF Pin description No. Name I/O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 VCC DRAIN -. GND_IC -. I I/O I/O - (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. Function Power Supply input pin MOSFET DRAIN pin GND pin - ESD Diode VCC GND No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide Design Overview 1 Important Parameter VIN : Input Voltage Range AC 90 V ~ 264 Vac (DC 100 V ~ 380 V) VOUT : Output Voltage DC 24 V IOUT(Typ) : Constant Output Current 0.050 A IOUT(Max) : Max Output Current 0.125 A fSW : Switching Frequency Min:94 kHz, Typ:100 kHz, Max:106 kHz Ipeak(Min) : Over Current Limit Min:0.395 A, Typ:0.450 A, Max:0.505A 2 Coil Selection 2.1 Determining coil inductance The switching operation mode determines the L value so that it becomes as discontinuous mode (DCM) as possible. In the continuous mode (CCM), reverse current in trr of the diode flows, which leads to an increase in power loss of diode. Furthermore, this reverse current becomes the peak current when the MOSFET is ON, and the power loss of the MOSFET also increases. The maximum load current IOUT (Max): 0.125 A, the peak current IL flowing through the inductor is: [A] It tends to be in continuous mode (CCM) when the input voltage drops. Calculate with input voltage minimum voltage 100 Vdc. From the output voltage VOUT: 24 V and the diode VF: 1 V, Calculate the maximum value of Duty: Duty (Max). Figure 7. Coil current waveform in BCM From the minimum switching frequency fSW (Min) = 94 kHz, Calculate on time ton (Max) [sec] Calculate L value to operate in discontinuous mode. [H] Then, the L value is provisionally selected to be 470 H in consideration of generality. (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide 2.1 Determining coil inductance - Continued Also, calculate L value so that the overcurrent detection becomes maximum load current IOUT: 125 mA or more. Overcurrent detection is calculated by the current flowing through the MOSFET when operating in continuous mode at the minimum switching frequency fSW (Min) = 94 kHz. When the current flowing through the MOSFET ( the coil current at switching ON) exceeds the minimum value Ipeak (Min): 0.395 A of the overcurrent detection current, the MOSFET is turned OFF. Since a delay of approximately tdly = 0.1 sec occurs, in reality, the peak current exceeds the Ipeak value and the peak current becomes Ip. The peak current Ip is obtained by setting the current slope at switching ON to IL, Figure 8. Coil waveform at overcurrent detection (DCM) The peak current IP at the time of over current detection is [mA] Assuming the discontinuous mode (DCM), Switching ON time: ton, OFF time: toff are [sec] [sec] [sec] Since the total of ON time and OFF time is less than 10.64 sec in switching cycle, it becomes discontinuous mode (DCM) when detecting over current. The current at the time of overcurrent detection in discontinuous mode (DCM): IOUT (LIM) is [mA] It is confirmed that the minimum over current detection current is 198 mA and the maximum load current is 125 mA or more. (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. 2 User's Guide Coil Selection - Continued 2.2 Inductor Current Calculation Calculate the maximum peak current of the inductor. The condition where the peak current is maximized is when the input voltage is the maximum voltage VIN (Max): 380 V, the maximum load current Io (Max): 0.125 A, and the switching frequency is 106 kHz at the minimum. The peak current IP of the coil is given by the following formula. [mA] Select a coil with a rated current of 0.342 A or more. In this EVK, we use inductance value: 470 H, rated: 0.5 A product Radial inductor (closed magnetic circuit type) Core Size 11.0 mm x 11.5 mm Product: 744 747 147 1 Manufacture: Wurth Electronix 3 Diode Selection 3.1 Flywheel Diode: D1 Flywheel diode uses fast diode (fast recovery diode).The reverse voltage of the diode is VIN (Max): 380 V when the output voltage at startup is 0 V. Consider the derating and select 600 V diode. The condition where the effective current of the diode is maximized is when the input voltage is the maximum voltage VIN (Max): 380 V, the maximum load current Io (Max): 0.125 A, and the switching frequency is 94 kHz at the minimum. [%] The average current ID of the diode is calculated from the peak current IP: 0.342 A by the following formula [A] Select the rated current of 0.191 A or more. In fact, we used RFN1LAM6S of 0.8 A / 600 V product as a result of mounting the board and considering the parts temperature. 3.2 VCC Rectifier Diode: D2 Rectifier diodes are used for diodes to supply VCC. The reverse voltage applied to the diode is VIN (Max): 380 V. Consider the derating and select 600 V diodeSince the current flowing to the IC is small enough, we use the 0.2 A / 600 V RRE02VSM6S. (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide Design Overview - Continued 4 Capacitor Selection 4.1 Input Capacitor: C1 The input capacitor is determined by input voltage VI and output power POUT. As a guide, for an input voltage of 90 to 264 Vac, 2 x POUT [W] F. For 176 to 264 Vac, set 1 x POUT [W] F. Since the output power POUT = 2 W, 4.7 F / 400 V is selected with a guidline of 6.0 F. 4.2 VCC Capacitor: C3 The VCC capacitor C3 is required for stable operation of the device and stable feedback of the output voltage. A withstand voltage of 35 V or more is required, and 1.0 F to 4.7 F is recommended. 1 F / 50 V is selected. 4.3 Output Capacitor: C2, C4 For the output capacitor, select output voltage VO of 50 V or more in consideration of derating. For C2 electrolytic capacitors, capacitance, impedance and rated ripple current must be taken into consideration. The output ripple voltage is a composite waveform generated by electrostatic capacity: COUT, impedance: ESR when the ripple component of inductor current: IL flows into the output capacitor and is expressed by the following formula. The inductor ripple current is [A] For this EVK, we use electrostatic capacity: 100 F, ESR: 0.075 , and the design value of output ripple voltage is less than 100 mV. [mV] Next, check whether the ripple current of the capacitor satisfies the rated ripple current. Inductor ripple current RMS conversion, [A] The ripple current of the capacitor is (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. [A] No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide 4.3 Output Capacitor C2, C4 - Continued Select a rated current of 0.218 A or more. The output capacitor C2 used a rated ripple current of 0.73 A at 100 F / 50 V. C8 has added a 0.1 F ceramic capacitor to reduce switching noise. 5. Resistor Selection 5.1 Bleeder Resister: R1 Because it is indirectly fed back to the output voltage, the output voltage increases at light load. This board uses bleeder resistance for its improvement. Reducing the resistance value improves the rise in the output voltage of the light load, but increases the power loss. 10 k / 0.1 W is used. (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide Performance Data Constant Load Regulation 26.4 100 - VIN= 100 Vac 26.0 90 - VIN=230 Vac 25.6 80 Efficiency [%] Output Voltage [V] 25.2 24.8 24.4 24.0 23.6 70 - VIN=100 Vac 60 - VIN=230 Vac 50 40 23.2 30 22.8 20 22.4 10 22.0 21.6 0 0 50 100 150 200 Output Current [mA] 250 0 300 25 50 75 100 Output Current [mA] 125 Figure 9. Load Regulation (IOUT vs VOUT) Figure 10. Load Regulation (IOUT vs Efficiency) Table 2. Load Regulation (VIN=100 Vac) Table 3. Load Regulation (VIN=230 Vac) IOUT VOUT 31 mA 62 mA 94 mA 125 mA 24.613 24.525 24.489 24.467 Efficiency V V V V 76.00 81.84 83.95 84.95 IOUT % % % % 31 mA 62 mA 94 mA 125 mA VOUT 24.662 24.513 24.461 24.437 Efficiency V V V V 66.77 75.50 79.31 81.37 % % % % 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 Power Loss [W] Power Loss [W] 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.3 - VIN=100 Vac - VIN=230 Vac 0.2 - VIN= 100 Vac - VIN= 230 Vac 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0 25 50 75 100 Output Current [mA] 125 1 10 Output Current [mA] 100 Figure 11. Load Regulation (IOUT vs PLOSS) (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. Figure 12. Load Regulation (IOUT vs PLOSS) No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide 3HUIRUPDQFH'DWD&RQWLQXHG Table 4. Load Regulation : VIN=100 Vac 9,1 >9DF@ 3,1 >:@ 9287 >9@ ,287 >$@ 3287 >:@ 3/266 >:@ Table 5. Load Regulation: VIN=230 Vac 9,1 >9DF@ (IILFLHQF\ >@ 3,1 >:@ 9287 >9@ ,287 >$@ 3287 >:@ 3/266 >:@ (IILFLHQF\ >@ (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide Performance Data - Continued Line Regulation 26.4 90 26.0 80 25.6 70 Efficiency [%] Output Voltage [V] 25.2 24.8 24.4 - IOUT= 10 mA - IOUT= 50 mA - IOUT=100 mA - IOUT=125 mA 24.0 23.6 23.2 60 50 - IOUT= 10 mA - IOUT= 50 mA - IOUT=100 mA - IOUT=125 mA 40 30 22.8 20 22.4 10 22.0 21.6 0 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 Input Voltage [Vac] 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 Input Voltage [Vac] Figure 13. Line Regulation (VIN vs VOUT) Figure 14. Line Regulation (VIN vs Efficiency) Switching Frequency Coil Peak Current 120 0.40 0.35 100 Coil Peak Current [A] Switching Frequency [kHz] 0.30 80 - VIN=115 Vac VIN=230 9DF 60 40 0.25 - VIN=115 Vac - VIN=230 Vac 0.20 0.15 0.10 20 0.05 0 0.00 0 25 50 75 Output Current [mA] 100 125 0 25 50 75 100 Output Current [mA] 125 Figure 15. Switching Frequency (IOUT vs fSW) (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. Figure 16. Coil Peak Current (IOUT vs IP) No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide 3HUIRUPDQFH'DWD&RQWLQXHG Output Ripple Voltage VOUT VOUT Vo: 20mV/div Ripple Voltage: 18 mVpp Ripple Voltage: 21 mVpp Figure 17. VIN = 115 Vac, IOUT = 10 mA Figure 18. VIN = 230 Vac, IOUT = 10 mA VOUT Vo: 20mV/div VOUT Ripple Voltage: 33 mVpp Ripple Voltage: 24 mVpp Figure 19. VIN = 115 Vac, IOUT = 0.05 A Figure 20. VIN = 230 Vac, IOUT = 0.05 A VOUT VOUT Vo: 20mV/div Ripple Voltage: 37 mVpp Ripple Voltage: 28 mVpp Figure 21. VIN = 115 Vac, IOUT = 0.125 A (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. Figure 22. VIN = 230 Vac, IOUT = 0.125 A No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide 3HUIRUPDQFH'DWDt&RQWLQXHG Parts surface temperature Ta = 25 C, measured 30 minutes after setup Condition VIN=90 Vac, VIN=264 Vac, VIN=264 Vac, IOUT=0.125 A IOUT=0.05 A IOUT=0.125 A 50.5 C 64.8 C 73.5 C 48.1 C 50.3 C 62.1 C 44.0 C 50.6 C 61.2 C Table 6. Parts surface temperature Part VIN=90 Vac, IOUT=0.05 A 45.5 C 43.6 C 43.0 C IC1 D1 L1 (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide 6FKHPDWLFV VIN = 90 ~ 264 Vac, VOUT = 24 V Figure 23. BM2P249TF-EVK-001 Schematics %LOORI0DWHULDOV Table 7. BoM of BM2P249TF-EVK-001 3DUW 5HIHUHQFH & & & & &1 ' ' '% ) ,& / 5 4W\ 7\SH 9DOXH (OHFWURO\WLF (OHFWURO\WLF &HUDPLF &HUDPLF &RQQHFWRU )5' 'LRGH %ULGJH )XVH $&'&&RQYHUWHU &RLO 5HVLVWRU (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. ) ) ) ) $ $ $ $ + Ne 'HVFULSWLRQ 3DUW1XPEHU 9 9 9;5 9;5 SLQ 9 9 9 9 $ : 70.%0$7 +0.%0$7 %39+ 5)1/$06 55(9606 '8%$ %037) 0&5(=3- 0DQXIDFWXUH :XUWK :XUWK 7DL\R<XGHQ 7DL\R<XGHQ -67 52+0 52+0 6KLQGHQJHQ /LWWHOIXVH 52+0 :XUWK 52+0 &RQILJXUDWLRQ PP LQFK 30'6 780'60 623$ 623 No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 %037)(9. User's Guide /D\RXW Size: 18 mm x 40 mm Figure 24. TOP Silkscreen (Top view) Figure 25. Bottom Layout (TOP View) (c) 2018 ROHM Co., Ltd. No. 61UG030E Rev.003 2018.3 Notice Notes 1) The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. 2) Before you use our Products, please contact our sales representative and verify the latest specifications : 3) Although ROHM is continuously working to improve product reliability and quality, semiconductors can break down and malfunction due to various factors. Therefore, in order to prevent personal injury or fire arising from failure, please take safety measures such as complying with the derating characteristics, implementing redundant and fire prevention designs, and utilizing backups and fail-safe procedures. ROHM shall have no responsibility for any damages arising out of the use of our Poducts beyond the rating specified by ROHM. 4) Examples of application circuits, circuit constants and any other information contained herein are provided only to illustrate the standard usage and operations of the Products. The peripheral conditions must be taken into account when designing circuits for mass production. 5) The technical information specified herein is intended only to show the typical functions of and examples of application circuits for the Products. ROHM does not grant you, explicitly or implicitly, any license to use or exercise intellectual property or other rights held by ROHM or any other parties. ROHM shall have no responsibility whatsoever for any dispute arising out of the use of such technical information. 6) The Products specified in this document are not designed to be radiation tolerant. 7) For use of our Products in applications requiring a high degree of reliability (as exemplified below), please contact and consult with a ROHM representative : transportation equipment (i.e. cars, ships, trains), primary communication equipment, traffic lights, fire/crime prevention, safety equipment, medical systems, servers, solar cells, and power transmission systems. 8) Do not use our Products in applications requiring extremely high reliability, such as aerospace equipment, nuclear power control systems, and submarine repeaters. 9) ROHM shall have no responsibility for any damages or injury arising from non-compliance with the recommended usage conditions and specifications contained herein. 10) ROHM has used reasonable care to ensurH the accuracy of the information contained in this document. However, ROHM does not warrants that such information is error-free, and ROHM shall have no responsibility for any damages arising from any inaccuracy or misprint of such information. 11) Please use the Products in accordance with any applicable environmental laws and regulations, such as the RoHS Directive. For more details, including RoHS compatibility, please contact a ROHM sales office. ROHM shall have no responsibility for any damages or losses resulting non-compliance with any applicable laws or regulations. 12) When providing our Products and technologies contained in this document to other countries, you must abide by the procedures and provisions stipulated in all applicable export laws and regulations, including without limitation the US Export Administration Regulations and the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act. 13) This document, in part or in whole, may not be reprinted or reproduced without prior consent of ROHM. Thank you for your accessing to ROHM product informations. More detail product informations and catalogs are available, please contact us. ROHM Customer Support System http://www.rohm.com/contact/ ZZZURKPFRP 52+0&R/WG$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG 5%