12-Bit, 170 MSPS/210 MSPS/250 MSPS, 1.8 V Analog-to-Digital Converter AD9230 FEATURES FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM RBIAS PWDN AGND AVDD (1.8V) AD9230 REFERENCE CML VIN+ VIN- DRVDD DRGND TRACK-AND-HOLD ADC 12-BIT CORE CLK+ CLK- 12 OUTPUT 12 STAGING LVDS CLOCK MANAGEMENT D11 TO D0 OR+ OR- SERIAL PORT DCO+ DCO- RESET SCLK SDIO CSB 06002-001 SNR = 64.9 dBFS @ fIN up to 70 MHz @ 250 MSPS ENOB of 10.4 @ fIN up to 70 MHz @ 250 MSPS (-1.0 dBFS) SFDR = -79 dBc @ fIN up to 70 MHz @ 250 MSPS (-1.0 dBFS) Excellent linearity DNL = 0.3 LSB typical INL = 0.5 LSB typical LVDS at 250 MSPS (ANSI-644 levels) 700 MHz full power analog bandwidth On-chip reference, no external decoupling required Integrated input buffer and track-and-hold Low power dissipation 434 mW @ 250 MSPS--LVDS SDR mode 400 mW @ 250 MSPS--LVDS DDR mode Programmable input voltage range 1.0 V to 1.5 V, 1.25 V nominal 1.8 V analog and digital supply operation Selectable output data format (offset binary, twos complement, Gray code) Clock duty cycle stabilizer Integrated data capture clock Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram APPLICATIONS Wireless and wired broadband communications Cable reverse path Communications test equipment Radar and satellite subsystems Power amplifier linearization GENERAL DESCRIPTION PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS The AD9230 is a 12-bit monolithic sampling analog-to-digital converter optimized for high performance, low power, and ease of use. The product operates at up to a 250 MSPS conversion rate and is optimized for outstanding dynamic performance in wideband carrier and broadband systems. All necessary functions, including a track-and-hold (T/H) and voltage reference, are included on the chip to provide a complete signal conversion solution. 1. High Performance--Maintains 64.9 dBFS SNR @ 250 MSPS with a 70 MHz input. 2. Low Power--Consumes only 434 mW @ 250 MSPS. 3. Ease of Use--LVDS output data and output clock signal allow interface to current FPGA technology. The on-chip reference and sample and hold provide flexibility in system design. Use of a single 1.8 V supply simplifies system power supply design. 4. Serial Port Control--Standard serial port interface supports various product functions, such as data formatting, disabling the clock duty cycle stabilizer, power-down, gain adjust, and output test pattern generation. 5. Pin-Compatible Family--10-bit pin-compatible family offered as AD9211. The ADC requires a 1.8 V analog voltage supply and a differential clock for full performance operation. The digital outputs are LVDS (ANSI-644) compatible and support either twos complement, offset binary format, or Gray code. A data clock output is available for proper output data timing. Fabricated on an advanced CMOS process, the AD9230 is available in a 56-lead LFCSP, specified over the industrial temperature range (-40C to +85C). Rev. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 (c)2007 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. AD9230 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 21 Applications....................................................................................... 1 Analog Input and Voltage Reference ....................................... 21 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 Clock Input Considerations...................................................... 22 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Power Dissipation and Power-Down Mode ........................... 23 Product Highlights ........................................................................... 1 Digital Outputs ........................................................................... 23 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Timing ......................................................................................... 24 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 RBIAS........................................................................................... 24 DC Specifications ......................................................................... 3 AD9230 Configuration Using the SPI ..................................... 24 AC Specifications.......................................................................... 4 Hardware Interface..................................................................... 25 Digital Specifications ................................................................... 5 Configuration Without the SPI ................................................ 25 Switching Specifications .............................................................. 6 Memory Map .................................................................................. 27 Timing Diagrams.......................................................................... 7 Reading the Memory Map Table.............................................. 27 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 8 Reserved Locations .................................................................... 27 Thermal Resistance ...................................................................... 8 Default Values ............................................................................. 27 ESD Caution.................................................................................. 8 Logic Levels................................................................................. 27 Pin Configurations and Function Descriptions ........................... 9 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 30 Equivalent Circuits ......................................................................... 13 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 30 Typical Performance Characteristics ........................................... 14 REVISION HISTORY 2/07--Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 32 AD9230 SPECIFICATIONS DC SPECIFICATIONS AVDD = 1.8 V, DRVDD = 1.8 V, TMIN = -40C, TMAX = +85C, fIN = -1.0 dBFS, full scale = 1.25 V, DCS enabled, unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter 1 RESOLUTION ACCURACY No Missing Codes Offset Error Gain Error Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) Integral Nonlinearity (INL) TEMPERATURE DRIFT Offset Error Gain Error ANALOG INPUTS (VIN+, VIN-) Differential Input Voltage Range 2 Input Common-Mode Voltage Input Resistance (Differential) Input Capacitance POWER SUPPLY AVDD DRVDD Supply Currents IAVDD 3 IDRVDD3/SDR Mode 4 IDRVDD3/DDR Mode 5 Power Dissipation3 SDR Mode4 DDR Mode5 Temp Full 25C Full 25C Full 25C Full 25C Full Min AD9230-170 Typ Max 12 Min Guaranteed 4.2 -12 12 -12 3.5 -1.5 0.5 -0.75 -0.5 -12 3.5 -1.5 0.75 3.5 0.3 0.5 -0.75 12 1.1 -0.6 0.4 9 0.019 Full Full 12 0.3 0.5 AD9230-250 Typ Max 12 Guaranteed 4.5 1.0 0.3 -0.5 Min Guaranteed 4.3 0.89 -1.5 AD9230-210 Typ Max 12 0.6 0.5 0.75 -1.0 8 0.021 +1.0 7 0.018 0.98 1.25 1.4 4.3 2 1.5 0.98 1.25 1.4 4.3 2 1.5 Full Full 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 136 58 39 145 61 154 59 40 164 62 181 60 41 194 63 349 315 371 383 349 407 434 400 463 1 1.25 1.4 4.3 2 mV mV mV % FS LSB LSB LSB LSB V/C %/C Full Full Full 25C Full Full Full Full Full Full 0.98 Unit Bits 1.5 V p-p V k pF V V mA mA mA mW mW mW See the AN-835 Application Note, "Understanding High Speed ADC Testing and Evaluation," for a complete set of definitions and how these tests were completed. The input range is programmable through the SPI, and the range specified reflects the nominal values of each setting. See the Memory Map section. IAVDD and IDRVDD are measured with a -1 dBFS, 10.3 MHz sine input at rated sample rate. 4 Single data rate mode; this is the default mode of the AD9230. 5 Double data rate mode; user-programmable feature. See the Memory Map section. 2 3 Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 32 AD9230 AC SPECIFICATIONS 1 AVDD = 1.8 V, DRVDD = 1.8 V, TMIN = -40C, TMAX = +85C, fIN = -1.0 dBFS, full scale = 1.25 V, DCS enabled, unless otherwise noted. Table 2. Parameter 2 SNR fIN = 10 MHz fIN = 70 MHz fIN = 170 MHz 3 fIN = 225 MHz SINAD fIN = 10 MHz fIN = 70 MHz fIN = 170 MHz3 fIN = 225 MHz EFFECTIVE NUMBER OF BITS (ENOB) fIN = 10 MHz fIN = 70 MHz fIN = 170 MHz3 fIN = 225 MHz WORST HARMONIC (Second or Third) fIN = 10 MHz fIN = 70 MHz fIN = 170 MHz3 fIN = 225 MHz WORST OTHER (SFDR Excluding Second and Third) fIN = 10 MHz fIN = 70 MHz fIN = 170 MHz3 fIN = 225 MHz TWO-TONE IMD 140.2 MHz/141.3 MHz @ -7 dBFS 170.2 MHz/171.3 MHz @ -7 dBFS ANALOG INPUT BANDWIDTH 1 2 3 Temp Min 25C Full 25C Full 25C 25C 63.8 63.5 63.5 63.3 25C Full 25C Full 25C 25C 63.7 63.4 63.3 63.1 AD9230-170 Typ Max 64.6 Min 63.7 63.4 63.3 63.1 64.3 63.5 63.0 AD9230-210 Typ Max 64.5 Min 63.3 62.5 63.0 62.3 64.2 63.4 61.5 64.5 63.6 63.4 63.2 63.0 AD9230-250 Typ Max 64.1 dB dB dB dB dB dB 63.9 63.3 63.3 63.3 61.8 63.1 61.1 63.0 62.8 dB dB dB dB dB dB 25C 25C 25C 25C 10.6 10.5 10.4 10.1 10.6 10.5 10.4 10.0 10.5 10.4 10.3 10.3 Bits Bits Bits Bits 25C Full 25C Full 25C 25C -82 25C Full 25C Full 25C 25C -89 -89 -80 -79 -79 25C 25C 25C 73 75 67 700 64.1 -78 -78 -78 -76 -75 -78 -68 -89 64.4 63.3 62.4 62.9 62.2 Unit 64.0 -86 -80 -80 -78 -77 -75 -79 -70 -84 -83 -83 -83 700 -89 -86 64.0 63.7 -84 -79 -76 -76 -75 dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc -79 -76 -79 -75 -83 -80 dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc 78 73 700 dBc dBc MHz -79 -78 -75 -84 -83 -81 -81 -84 -83 All ac specifications tested by driving CLK+ and CLK- differentially. See the AN-835 Application Note, "Understanding High Speed ADC Testing and Evaluation," for a complete set of definitions and how these tests were completed. 140 MHz for the AD9230-170 speed grade, 170 MHz for the AD9230-210 and AD9230-250 speed grades. Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 32 AD9230 DIGITAL SPECIFICATIONS AVDD = 1.8 V, DRVDD = 1.8 V, TMIN = -40C, TMAX = +85C, fIN = -1.0 dBFS, full scale = 1.25 V, DCS enabled, unless otherwise noted. Table 3. Parameter 1 CLOCK INPUTS Logic Compliance Internal Common-Mode Bias Differential Input Voltage Input Voltage Range Input Common-Mode Range High Level Input Voltage (VIH) Low Level Input Voltage (VIL) High Level Input Current (IIH) Low Level Input Current (IIL) Input Resistance (Differential) Input Capacitance LOGIC INPUTS Logic 1 Voltage Logic 0 Voltage Logic 1 Input Current (SDIO) Logic 0 Input Current (SDIO) Logic 1 Input Current (SCLK, PDWN, CSB, RESET) Logic 0 Input Current (SCLK, PDWN, CSB, RESET) Input Capacitance LOGIC OUTPUTS 2 VOD Differential Output Voltage VOS Output Offset Voltage Output Coding 1 2 AD9230-170 Typ Max Temp Min Full Full Full Full CMOS/LVDS/LVPECL 1.2 0.2 6 AVDD - AVDD + 0.3 1.6 1.1 AVDD 1.2 3.6 0 0.8 -10 +10 -10 +10 16 20 24 Full Full Full Full Full Full Full Full Min AD9230-210 Typ Max CMOS/LVDS/LVPECL 1.2 0.2 6 AVDD - AVDD + 0.3 1.6 1.1 AVDD 1.2 3.6 0 0.8 -10 +10 -10 +10 16 20 24 4 AD9230-250 Typ Max CMOS/LVDS/LVPECL 1.2 0.2 6 AVDD - AVDD + 0.3 1.6 1.1 AVDD 1.2 3.6 0 0.8 -10 +10 -10 +10 16 20 24 4 0.8 x VDD 4 0.8 x VDD Full Min V V p-p V V V V A A k pF V 0.8 x VDD 0.2 x AVDD Unit 0.2 x AVDD 0.2 x AVDD V Full Full Full 0 -60 55 0 -60 55 0 -60 50 A A A Full 0 0 0 A 25C 4 4 4 pF Full Full 247 1.125 454 247 454 247 1.375 1.125 1.375 1.125 Twos complement, Gray code, or offset binary (default) 454 1.375 mV V See the AN-835 Application Note, "Understanding High Speed ADC Testing and Evaluation," for a complete set of definitions and how these tests were completed. LVDS RTERMINATION = 100 . Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 32 AD9230 SWITCHING SPECIFICATIONS AVDD = 1.8 V, DRVDD = 1.8 V, TMIN = -40C, TMAX = +85C, fIN = -1.0 dBFS, full scale = 1.25 V, DCS enabled, unless otherwise noted. Table 4. Parameter (Conditions) Maximum Conversion Rate Minimum Conversion Rate CLK+ Pulse Width High (tCH) CLK+ Pulse Width Low (tCL) Output (LVDS - SDR Mode) 1 Data Propagation Delay (tPD) Rise Time (tR) (20% to 80%) Fall Time (tF) (20% to 80%) DCO Propagation Delay (tCPD) Data to DCO Skew (tSKEW) Latency Output (LVDS - DDR Mode) 2 Data Propagation Delay (tPD) Rise Time (tR) (20% to 80%) Fall Time (tF) (20% to 80%) DCO Propagation Delay (tCPD) Data to DCO Skew (tSKEW) Latency Aperture Uncertainty (Jitter, tJ) 1 2 Temp Full Full Full Full Full 25C 25C Full Full Full Full 25C 25C Full Full Full 25C Min 170 AD9230-170 Typ Max Min 210 AD9230-210 Typ Max -0.3 -0.5 2.9 2.9 3.0 0.2 0.2 3.9 0.1 7 3.8 0.2 0.2 3.9 0.1 7 0.2 0.3 3.0 0.2 0.2 3.9 0.1 7 ns ns ns ns ns Cycles 40 2.15 2.15 0.5 2.0 2.0 Unit MSPS MSPS ns ns 250 40 2.65 2.65 AD9230-250 -0.3 -0.5 See Figure 2. See Figure 3. Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 32 2.4 2.4 3.0 0.2 0.2 3.9 0.1 7 3.8 0.2 0.2 3.9 0.1 7 0.2 40 1.8 1.8 0.5 0.3 -0.3 -0.5 3.8 0.2 0.2 3.9 0.1 7 0.5 0.3 ns ns ns ns ns Cycles ps rms AD9230 TIMING DIAGRAMS N-1 tA N+4 N+5 N N+3 VIN N+1 tCH tCL N+2 1/fS CLK+ CLK- tCPD DCO+ DCO- tSKEW tPD DX+ N-6 N-5 N-4 N-3 06002-002 N-7 DX- Figure 2. Single Data Rate Mode N-1 tA N+4 N+5 N N+3 VIN N+1 tCH tCL N+2 1/fS CLK+ CLK- tCPD DCO+ DCO- tSKEW tPD D0/D6+ D6 N-8 D0 N-7 D6 N-7 D0 N-6 D6 N-6 D0 N-5 D6 N-5 D0 N-4 D6 N-4 D0 N-3 D11 N-8 D5 N-7 D11 N-7 D5 N-6 D11 N-6 D5 N-5 D11 N-5 D5 N-4 D11 N-4 D5 N-3 D5/D11+ D5/D11- 6 MSBs 6 LSBs Figure 3. Double Data Rate Mode Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 32 06002-003 D0/D6- AD9230 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 5. Parameter ELECTRICAL AVDD to AGND DRVDD to DRGND AGND to DRGND AVDD to DRVDD D0+/D0- through D13+/D13- to DRGND DCO to DRGND OR to DGND CLK+ to AGND CLK- to AGND VIN+ to AGND VIN- to AGND SDIO/DCS to DGND PDWN to AGND CSB to AGND SCLK/DFS to AGND ENVIRONMENTAL Storage Temperature Range Operating Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering 10 sec) Junction Temperature Rating -0.3 V to +2.0 V -0.3 V to +2.0 V -0.3 V to +0.3 V -2.0 V to +2.0 V -0.3 V to DRVDD + 0.3 V -0.3 V to DRVDD + 0.3 V -0.3 V to DRVDD + 0.3 V -0.3 V to +3.9 V -0.3 V to +3.9 V -0.3 V to AVDD + 0.2 V -0.3 V to AVDD + 0.2 V -0.3 V to DRVDD + 0.3 V -0.3 V to +3.9 V -0.3 V to +3.9 V -0.3 V to +3.9 V -65C to +125C -40C to +85C 300C 150C Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. THERMAL RESISTANCE The exposed paddle must be soldered to the ground plane for the LFCSP package. Soldering the exposed paddle to the customer board increases the reliability of the solder joints, maximizing the thermal capability of the package. Table 6. Package Type 56-Lead LFCSP (CP-48-3) JA 30.4 JC 2.9 Unit C/W Typical JA and JC are specified for a 4-layer board in still air. Airflow increases heat dissipation, effectively reducing JA. In addition, metal in direct contact with the package leads from metal traces, and through holes, ground, and power planes reduces the JA. ESD CAUTION Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 32 AD9230 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 D2+ D2- D1+ D1- D0+ (LSB) D0- (LSB) DCO+ DCO- DRGND DRVDD AVDD CLK- CLK+ AVDD PIN CONFIGURATIONS AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 PIN 1 INDICATOR AD9230 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) PIN 0 (EXPOSED PADDLE) = AGND 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 AVDD AVDD CML AVDD AVDD AVDD VIN- VIN+ AVDD AVDD AVDD RBIAS AVDD PWDN 06002-004 D9- D9+ D10- D10+ (MSB) D11- (MSB) D11+ OR- OR+ DRGND DRVDD SDIO/DCS SCLK/DFS CSB RESET 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 D3- D3+ D4- D4+ D5- D5+ DRVDD DRGND D6- D6+ D7- D7+ D8- D8+ Figure 4. Single Data Rate Mode Table 7. Single Data Rate Mode Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 30, 32 to 34, 37 to 39, 41 to 43, 46 7, 24, 47 0 8, 23, 48 35 36 40 Mnemonic AVDD Description 1.8 V Analog Supply. DRVDD AGND 1 DRGND1 VIN+ VIN- CML 44 45 31 28 25 CLK+ CLK- RBIAS RESET SDIO/DCS 26 27 29 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 1 2 3 4 SCLK/DFS CSB PWDN DCO- DCO+ D0- D0+ D1- D1+ D2- D2+ D3- D3+ D4- D4+ 1.8 V Digital Output Supply. Analog Ground. Digital Output Ground. Analog Input--True. Analog Input--Complement. Common-Mode Output Pin. Enabled through the SPI, this pin provides a reference for the optimized internal bias voltage for VIN+/VIN-. Clock Input--True. Clock Input--Complement. Set Pin for Chip Bias Current. (Place 1% 10 k resistor terminated to ground.) Nominally 0.5 V. CMOS-Compatible Chip Reset (Active Low). Serial Port Interface (SPI(R)) Data Input/Output (Serial Port Mode); Duty Cycle Stabilizer Select (External Pin Mode). Serial Port Interface Clock (Serial Port Mode); Data Format Select Pin (External Pin Mode). Serial Port Chip Select (Active Low). Chip Power-Down. Data Clock Output--Complement. Data Clock Output--True. D0 Complement Output Bit (LSB). D0 True Output Bit (LSB). D1 Complement Output Bit. D1 True Output Bit. D2 Complement Output Bit. D2 True Output Bit. D3 Complement Output Bit. D3 True Output Bit. D4 Complement Output Bit. D4 True Output Bit. Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 32 AD9230 Pin No. 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 1 Mnemonic D5- D5+ D6- D6+ D7- D7+ D8- D8+ D9- D9+ D10- D10+ D11- D11+ OR- OR+ Description D5 Complement Output Bit. D5 True Output Bit. D6 Complement Output Bit. D6 True Output Bit. D7 Complement Output Bit. D7 True Output Bit. D8 Complement Output Bit. D8 True Output Bit. D9 Complement Output Bit. D9 True Output Bit. D10 Complement Output Bit. D10 True Output Bit. D11 Complement Output Bit (MSB). D11 True Output Bit (MSB). Overrange Complement Output Bit. Overrange True Output Bit. AGND and DRGND should be tied to a common quiet ground plane. Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 32 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 D2/D8+ D2/D8- D1/D7+ D1/D7- D0/D6+ (LSB) D0/D6- (LSB) DCO+ DCO- DRGND DRVDD AVDD CLK- CLK+ AVDD AD9230 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 PIN 1 INDICATOR AD9230 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) PIN 0 (EXPOSED PADDLE) = AGND 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 AVDD AVDD CML AVDD AVDD AVDD VIN- VIN+ AVDD AVDD AVDD RBIAS AVDD PWDN DNC = DO NOT CONNECT 06002-005 DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC DNC/(OR-) DNC/(OR+) DRGND DRVDD SDIO/DCS SCLK/DFS CSB RESET 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 D3/D9- D3/D9+ D4/D10- D4/D10+ (MSB) D5/D11- (MSB) D5/D11+ DRVDD DRGND OR- OR+ DNC DNC DNC DNC Figure 5. Double Data Rate Table 8. Double Data Rate Mode Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 30, 32 to 34, 37 to 39, 41 to 43, 46 7, 24, 47 0 8, 23, 48 35 36 40 Mnemonic AVDD Description 1.8 V Analog Supply. DRVDD AGND 1 DRGND1 VIN+ VIN- CML 44 45 31 28 25 CLK+ CLK- RBIAS RESET SDIO/DCS 26 27 29 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 1 2 3 4 5 6 SCLK/DFS CSB PWDN DCO- DCO+ D0/D6- D0/D6+ D1/D7- D1/D7+ D2/D8- D2/D8+ D3/D9- D3/D9+ D4/D10- D4/D10+ D5/D11- D5/D11+ 1.8 V Digital Output Supply. Analog Ground. Digital Output Ground. Analog Input--True. Analog Input--Complement. Common-Mode Output Pin. Enabled through the SPI, this pin provides a reference for the optimized internal bias voltage for VIN+/VIN-. Clock Input--True. Clock Input--Complement. Set Pin for Chip Bias Current. (Place 1% 10 k resistor terminated to ground.) Nominally 0.5 V. CMOS-Compatible Chip Reset (Active Low). Serial Port Interface (SPI) Data Input/Output (Serial Port Mode); Duty Cycle Stabilizer Select (External Pin Mode). Serial Port Interface Clock (Serial Port Mode); Data Format Select Pin (External Pin Mode). Serial Port Chip Select (Active Low). Chip Power-Down. Data Clock Output--Complement. Data Clock Output--True. D0/D6 Complement Output Bit (LSB). D0/D6 True Output Bit (LSB). D1/D7 Complement Output Bit. D1/D7 True Output Bit. D2/D8 Complement Output Bit. D2/D8 True Output Bit. D3/D9 Complement Output Bit. D3/D9 True Output Bit. D4/D10 Complement Output Bit. D4/D10 True Output Bit. D5/D11 Complement Output Bit (MSB). D5/D11 True Output Bit (MSB). Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 32 AD9230 Pin No. 9 10 11 to 20 21 Mnemonic OR- OR+ DNC DNC/(OR-) 22 DNC/(OR+) 1 Description D6 Complement Output Bit. (This pin is disabled if Pin 21 is reconfigured through the SPI to be OR-.) D6 True Output Bit. (This pin is disabled if Pin 22 is reconfigured through the SPI to be OR+.) Do Not Connect. Do Not Connect. (This pin can be reconfigured as the Overrange Complement Output Bit through the serial port register.) Do Not Connect. (This pin can be reconfigured as the Overrange True Output Bit through the serial port register.) AGND and DRGND should be tied to a common quiet ground plane. Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 32 AD9230 EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS AVDD AVDD 26k CSB 1k 1.2V 10k CLK- 06002-006 06002-010 10k CLK+ Figure 6. Clock Inputs Figure 9. Equivalent CSB Input Circuit AVDD DRVDD VIN+ BUF AVDD 2k AVDD VIN- V+ BUF VCML ~1.4V V- DATAOUT- 2k DATAOUT+ V- V+ 06002-007 06002-009 BUF Figure 7. Analog Inputs (VCML = ~1.4 V) SCLK/DFS RESET PDWN Figure 10. LVDS Outputs (Dx+, Dx-, OR+, OR-, DCO+, DCO-) 1k DRVDD 30k 1k 06002-011 06002-008 SDIO/DCS Figure 11. Equivalent SDIO/DCS Input Circuit Figure 8. Equivalent SCLK/DFS, RESET, PDWN Input Circuit Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 32 AD9230 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS AVDD = 1.8 V, DRVDD = 1.8 V, rated sample rate, DCS enabled, TA = 25C, 1.25 V p-p differential input, AIN = -1 dBFS, unless otherwise noted. 0 -20 INPUT REFERRED NOISE: 0.72 LSBs 35000 30000 -40 NUMBER OF HITS -60 -80 -100 15000 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 06002-133 0 N-1 N N+1 SFDR (dBc) +25C -80 SFDR (dBc) -40C 70 SFDR (dBc) +85C 65 60 -120 55 SNR (dB) +85C SNR (dB) +25C 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 FREQUENCY (MHz) 50 06002-134 0 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 Figure 16. AD9230-170 Single-Tone SNR/SFDR vs. Input Frequency (fIN) and Temperature with 1.25 V p-p Full Scale; 170 MSPS 100 170MSPS 140.3MHz @ -1.0dBFS SNR: 63.5dB ENOB: 10.2 BITS SFDR: 78dBc -20 50 ANALOG INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 13. AD9230-170 64k Point Single-Tone FFT; 170 MSPS, 70.3 MHz 0 0 SNR (dB) -40C 06002-109 SNR/SFDR (dB) 75 -100 SFDR (dBFS) 90 80 -40 70 SNR/SFDR (dB) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) MORE 80 -60 -60 -80 SNR (dBFS) 60 50 SFDR (dBc) 40 30 -100 20 -120 SNR (dB) 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 FREQUENCY (MHz) 60 70 80 0 90 06002-014 -140 N+3 85 -40 -140 N+2 Figure 15. AD9230-170 Grounded Input Histogram; 170 MSPS 170MSPS 70.3MHz @ -1.0dBFS SNR: 64.3dB ENOB: 10.5 BITS SFDR: 78dBc -20 N-2 BIN Figure 12. AD9230-170 64k Point Single-Tone FFT; 170 MSPS, 10.3 MHz 0 N-3 06002-106 5000 FREQUENCY (MHz) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) 20000 10000 -120 -140 25000 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 AMPLITUDE (-dBFS) Figure 14. AD9230-170 64k Point Single-Tone FFT; 170 MSPS, 140.3 MHz Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 32 Figure 17. AD9230-170 SNR/SFDR vs. Input Amplitude; 140.3 MHz 06002-108 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) 40000 170MSPS 10.3MHz @ -1.0dBFS SNR: 64.6dB ENOB: 10.6 BITS SFDR: 82dBc 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0 -0.2 0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 -1 1023 2047 3071 4095 OUTPUT CODE -0.5 -1 1023 2047 3071 4095 OUTPUT CODE Figure 18. AD9230-170 INL; 170 MSPS 06002-021 DNL (LSBs) 1.0 06002-018 INL (LSBs) AD9230 Figure 21. AD9230-170 DNL; 170 MSPS 0 120 IMD3 (dBFS) -20 100 80 SFDR (dB) AMPLITUDE (dB) -40 -60 -80 SFDR (dBFS) 60 40 -100 SFDR (dBc) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 -90 06002-104 -140 80 FREQUENCY (MHz) 380 370 360 110 350 100 340 90 TOTAL POWER 330 80 320 70 310 IDVDD 60 80 100 120 140 160 300 180 SAMPLE RATE (MHz) 06002-107 60 50 40 POWER (mW) CURRENT (mA) 120 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 Figure 22. AD9230-170 Two-Tone SFDR vs. Input Amplitude; 170 MSPS, 140.1 MHz, 141.1 MHz IAVDD 130 -70 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) Figure 19. AD9230-170 64k Point, Two-Tone FFT; 170 MSPS, 140.1 MHz, 141.1 MHz 140 -80 06002-111 20 -120 Figure 20. AD9230-170 Power Supply Current vs. Sample Rate Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 32 AD9230 0 -20 INPUT REFERRED NOISE: 0.70 LSBs 35000 30000 -40 NUMBER OF HITS -60 -80 -100 15000 5000 20 40 60 80 100 0 06002-023 0 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 N-2 N-1 N N+1 N+2 N+3 MORE Figure 26. AD9230-210 Grounded Input Histogram; 210 MSPS 90 210MSPS 70.3MHz @ -1.0dBFS SNR: 63.9dB ENOB: 10.4 BITS SFDR: 80dBc -20 N-3 BIN Figure 23. AD9230-210 64k Point Single-Tone FFT; 210 MSPS, 10.3 MHz 85 SFDR (dBc) +25C 80 -40 SFDR (dBc) -40C SNR/SFDR (dB) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) 20000 10000 -120 -140 25000 06002-115 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) 40000 210MSPS 10.3MHz @ -1.0dBFS SNR: 64.5dB ENOB: 10.5 BITS SFDR: 79dBc -60 -80 -100 75 SFDR (dBc) +85C 70 65 60 SNR (dB) +25C 55 -140 50 0 20 40 60 80 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 06002-024 SNR (dB) +85C 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 100 SFDR (dBFS) 90 80 -40 SNR (dBFS) 70 SNR/SFDR (dB) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) 100 Figure 27. AD9230-210 Single-Tone SNR/SFDR vs. Input Frequency (fIN) and Temperature with 1.25 V p-p Full Scale; 210 MSPS 210MSPS 170.3MHz @ -1.0dBFS SNR: 631.7dB ENOB: 9.9 BITS SFDR: 67dBc -20 50 ANALOG INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 24. AD9230-210 64k Point Single-Tone FFT; 210 MSPS, 70.3 MHz 0 0 SNR (dB) -40C 06002-118 -120 -60 -80 60 SFDR (dBc) 50 40 30 -100 SNR (dB) 20 -120 0 20 40 60 FREQUENCY (MHz) 80 100 0 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 AMPLITUDE (-dBFS) Figure 25. AD9230-210 64k Point Single-Tone FFT; 210 MSPS, 170.3 MHz 20 10 0 06002-117 10 06002-024 -140 Figure 28. AD9230-210 SNR/SFDR vs. Input Amplitude; 210 MSPS, 170.3 MHz Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 32 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0 -0.2 0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 -1 1023 2047 3071 4095 OUTPUT CODE -0.5 -1 1023 2047 3071 4095 OUTPUT CODE Figure 29. AD9230-210 INL; 210 MSPS 06002-032 DNL (LSBs) 1.0 06002-029 INL (LSBs) AD9230 Figure 32. AD9230-210 DNL; 210 MSPS 0 120 IMD3 (dBFS) -20 100 80 SFDR (dB) AMPLITUDE (dB) -40 -60 -80 SFDR (dBFS) 60 40 -100 SFDR (dBc) 0 20 40 60 80 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 -90 06002-112 -140 390 380 130 370 TOTAL POWER 360 110 350 90 POWER (mW) 340 70 330 IDRVDD 50 40 90 140 190 240 320 SAMPLE RATE (MSPS) 06002-116 CURRENT (mA) IAVDD -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 Figure 33. AD9230-210 Two-Tone SFDR vs. Input Amplitude; 210 MSPS, 170.1 MHz, 171.1 MHz 400 150 -70 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) Figure 30. AD9230-210 64 Point, Two-Tone FFT; 210 MSPS, 170.1 MHz, 171.1 MHz 170 -80 06002-111 20 -120 Figure 31. AD9230-210 Power Supply Current vs. Sample Rate Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 32 AD9230 0 -20 INPUT REFERRED NOISE: 0.71 LSBs 35000 30000 -40 NUMBER OF HITS -60 -80 -100 15000 5000 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 06002-123 0 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 N-2 N-1 N N+1 N+2 N+3 MORE Figure 37. AD9230-250 Grounded Input Histogram; 250 MSPS 90 250MSPS 70.3MHz @ -1.0dBFS SNR: 63.9dB ENOB: 10.5 BITS SFDR: 79dBc -20 N-3 BIN Figure 34. AD9230-250 64k Point Single-Tone FFT; 250 MSPS, 10.3 MHz 85 SFDR (dBc) +25C 80 -40 SFDR (dBc) -40C SNR/SFDR (dB) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) 20000 10000 -120 -140 25000 06002-126 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) 40000 250MSPS 10.3MHz @ -1.0dBFS SNR: 64.1dB ENOB: 10.5 BITS SFDR: 84dBc -60 -80 -100 75 SFDR (dBc) +85C 70 65 60 SNR (dB) +25C 55 -140 50 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 FREQUENCY (MHz) 06002-124 SNR (dB) +85C 150 200 250 100 300 350 400 450 SFDR (dBFS) 90 80 -40 70 SNR/SFDR (dB) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) 100 Figure 38. AD9230-250 Single-Tone SNR/SFDR vs. Input Frequency (fIN) and Temperature with 1.25 V p-p Full Scale; 250 MSPS 250MSPS 170.3MHz @ -1.0dBFS SNR: 63.3dB ENOB: 10.5 BITS SFDR: 78dBc -20 50 ANALOG INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 35. AD9230-250 64k Point Single-Tone FFT; 250 MSPS, 70.3 MHz 0 0 SNR (dB) -40C 06002-118 -120 -60 -80 SNR (dBFS) 60 50 SFDR (dBc) 40 30 -100 SNR (dBc) 20 -120 0 20 40 60 80 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 120 0 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 AMPLITUDE (-dBFS) Figure 36. AD9230-250 64k Point Single-Tone FFT; 250 MSPS, 170.3 MHz 30 20 10 0 06002-128 10 06002-125 -140 Figure 39. AD9230-250 SNR/SFDR vs. Input Amplitude; 250 MSPS, 170.3 MHz Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 32 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0 -0.2 0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0 -1 1023 2047 3071 4095 OUTPUT CODE -0.5 -1 1023 2047 3071 4095 OUTPUT CODE Figure 40. AD9230-250 INL; 250 MSPS 06002-043 DNL (LSBs) 1.0 06002-135 INL (LSBs) AD9230 Figure 43. AD9230-250 DNL; 250 MSPS 0 120 IMD3 (dBFS) -20 100 SFDR (dBFS) 80 SFDR (dB) AMPLITUDE (dB) -40 -60 -80 60 SFDR (dBc) 40 -100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 -90 06002-121 -140 80 FREQUENCY (MHz) -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0 460 -20 IAVDD AMPLITUDE (dBFS) 440 170 420 150 TOTAL POWER 400 130 380 110 POWER (mW) 360 90 -40 -60 -80 340 -100 320 IDRVDD 100 150 200 250 300 300 SAMPLE RATE (MSPS) Figure 42. AD9230 Power Supply Current vs. Sample Rate -120 0 30.72 61.44 FREQUENCY (MHz) 92.16 122.88 06002-101 70 06002-127 CURRENT (mA) -60 Figure 44. AD9230-250 Two-Tone SFDR vs. Input Amplitude; 250 MSPS, 170.1 MHz, 171.1 MHz 480 190 50 50 -70 AMPLITUDE (-dBFS) Figure 41. AD9230-250 64k Point, Two-Tone FFT; 250 MSPS, 170.1 MHz, 171.1 MHz 210 -80 06002-120 20 -120 Figure 45. AD9230-250 64k Point FFT; Four W-CDMA Carriers, IF = 184 MHz, 245.6 MSPS Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 32 AD9230 85 90 80 80 SFDR (dBFS) w/ DCS ON SFDR (dBc) 70 SNR/SFDR (dB) 65 SNR (dB) 60 SNR (dBFS) w/ DCS ON 50 SNR (dBFS) w/ DCS OFF 60 40 55 30 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 VCM (V) 20 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 INPUT CLOCK DUTY CYCLE (% CLK+ HIGH) 06002-100 70 06002-130 SNR/SFDR (dB) 75 50 1.0 SFDR (dBFS) w/ DCS OFF Figure 49. SNR/SFDR vs. Sample Clock Duty Cycle; 250 MSPS, 170.3 MHz @ -1 dBFS Figure 46. SNR/SFDR vs. Common-Mode Voltage; 250 MSPS, 70.3 MHz @ -1 dBFS 2.5 80 SFDR (dBc) 75 2.0 AD9230-250 70 GAIN (%FS) SNR/SFDR (dB) 1.5 65 SNR (dB) 60 55 AD9230-210 1.0 AD9230-170 0.5 50 0 100 150 200 250 300 SAMPLE RATE (MSPS) -0.5 -60 06002-122 40 50 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) Figure 50. Gain vs. Temperature Figure 47. SNR/SFDR vs. Sample Rate; 250 MSPS, 170.3 MHz @ -1 dBFS 6.0 85 5.5 SFDR (dBFS) AD9230-250 80 OFFSET (mV) 5.0 75 70 4.5 AD9230-210 4.0 AD9230-170 3.5 3.0 65 60 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 ANALOG INPUT RANGE (MHz) 1.6 2.0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 TEMPERATURE (C) Figure 51. Offset vs. Temperature Figure 48. SNR/SFDR vs. Analog Input Range; 250 MSPS, 170.3 MHz @ -1 dBFS Rev. 0 | Page 20 of 32 70 80 90 06002-103 2.5 SNR (dBFS) 06002-131 SNR/SFDR (dB) -40 06002-102 45 AD9230 THEORY OF OPERATION The input stage contains a differential SHA that can be ac- or dc-coupled in differential or single-ended mode. The outputstaging block aligns the data, carries out the error correction, and passes the data to the output buffers. The output buffers are powered from a separate supply, allowing adjustment of the output voltage swing. During power-down, the output buffers go into a high impedance state. ANALOG INPUT AND VOLTAGE REFERENCE The analog input to the AD9230 is a differential buffer. For best dynamic performance, the source impedances driving VIN+ and VIN- should be matched such that common-mode settling errors are symmetrical. The analog input is optimized to provide superior wideband performance and requires that the analog inputs be driven differentially. SNR and SINAD performance degrades significantly if the analog input is driven with a single-ended signal. A wideband transformer, such as Mini-Circuits(R) ADT1-1WT, can provide the differential analog inputs for applications that require a single-ended-to-differential conversion. Both analog inputs are self-biased by an on-chip resistor divider to a nominal 1.3 V. 49.9 499 AD8138 523 AD9230 20pF 0.1F VIN- 33 06002-055 CML 499 Figure 52. Differential Input Configuration Using the AD8138 At input frequencies in the second Nyquist zone and above, the performance of most amplifiers may not be adequate to achieve the true performance of the AD9230. This is especially true in IF undersampling applications where frequencies in the 70 MHz to 100 MHz range are being sampled. For these applications, differential transformer coupling is the recommended input configuration. The signal characteristics must be considered when selecting a transformer. Most RF transformers saturate at frequencies below a few MHz, and excessive signal power can also cause core saturation, which leads to distortion. In any configuration, the value of the shunt capacitor, C, is dependent on the input frequency and may need to be reduced or removed. 15 1.25V p-p 50 2pF VIN+ AD9230 VIN- 15 0.1F Figure 53. Differential Transformer--Coupled Configuration As an alternative to using a transformer-coupled input at frequencies in the second Nyquist zone, the AD8352 differential driver can be used (see Figure 54). VCC 0.1F 0.1F An internal differential voltage reference creates positive and negative reference voltages that define the 1.25 V p-p fixed span of the ADC core. This internal voltage reference can be adjusted by means of SPI control. See the AD9230 Configuration Using the SPI section for more details. AVDD VIN+ 33 499 0 16 1 ANALOG INPUT 8, 13 11 0.1F R 2 VIN+ 200 CD RD AD8352 RG 3 5 0.1F Optimum performance is achieved while driving the AD9230 in a differential input configuration. For baseband applications, the AD8138 differential driver provides excellent performance and a flexible interface to the ADC. The output common-mode voltage of the AD8138 is easily set to AVDD/2 + 0.5 V, and the driver can be configured in a Sallen-Key filter topology to provide band limiting of the input signal. Rev. 0 | Page 21 of 32 0.1F 200 C R 4 ANALOG INPUT Differential Input Configurations 10 0 AD9230 VIN- CML 14 0.1F 0.1F Figure 54. Differential Input Configuration Using the AD8352 06002-059 Each stage of the pipeline, excluding the last, consists of a low resolution flash ADC connected to a switched capacitor DAC and interstage residue amplifier (MDAC). The residue amplifier magnifies the difference between the reconstructed DAC output and the flash input for the next stage in the pipeline. One bit of redundancy is used in each stage to facilitate digital correction of flash errors. The last stage simply consists of a flash ADC. 1V p-p 06002-056 The AD9230 architecture consists of a front-end sample and hold amplifier (SHA) followed by a pipelined switched capacitor ADC. The quantized outputs from each stage are combined into a final 12-bit result in the digital correction logic. The pipelined architecture permits the first stage to operate on a new input sample, while the remaining stages operate on preceding samples. Sampling occurs on the rising edge of the clock. AD9230 For optimum performance, the AD9230 sample clock inputs (CLK+ and CLK-) should be clocked with a differential signal. This signal is typically ac-coupled into the CLK+ pin and CLK- pin via a transformer or capacitors. These pins are biased internally and require no additional bias. Figure 55 shows one preferred method for clocking the AD9230. The low jitter clock source is converted from single-ended to differential using an RF transformer. The back-to-back Schottky diodes across the secondary transformer limit clock excursions into the AD9230 to approximately 0.8 V p-p differential. This helps prevent the large voltage swings of the clock from feeding through to other portions of the AD9230 and preserves the fast rise and fall times of the signal, which are critical to low jitter performance. MINI-CIRCUITS ADT1-1WT, 1:1Z 0.1F XFMR 50 CLOCK INPUT AD9510/AD9511/ AD9512/AD9513/ AD9514/AD9515 0.1F CLK 50 1 CMOS DRIVER 0.1F CLK- 0.1F Figure 58. Single-Ended 1.8 V CMOS Sample Clock ADC AD9230 06002-060 SCHOTTKY DIODES: HSM2812 CLOCK INPUT Figure 55. Transformer-Coupled Differential Clock If a low jitter clock is available, another option is to ac couple a differential PECL signal to the sample clock input pins, as shown in Figure 56. The AD9510/AD9511/AD9512/AD9513/ AD9514/AD9515 family of clock drivers offers excellent jitter performance. AD9510/AD9511/ AD9512/AD9513/ AD9514/AD9515 100 PECL DRIVER 0.1F ADC AD9230 CLK- 06002-061 240 150 RESISTORS ARE OPTIONAL. Figure 56. Differential PECL Sample Clock 150 0.1F CLK+ CLK 100 0.1F CLK ADC AD9230 ADC 0.1F AD9230 CLK- RESISTORS ARE OPTIONAL. Figure 57. Differential LVDS Sample Clock Typical high speed ADCs use both clock edges to generate a variety of internal timing signals. As a result, these ADCs may be sensitive to clock duty cycle. Commonly, a 5% tolerance is required on the clock duty cycle to maintain dynamic performance characteristics. The AD9230 contains a duty cycle stabilizer (DCS) that retimes the nonsampling edge, providing an internal clock signal with a nominal 50% duty cycle. This allows a wide range of clock input duty cycles without affecting the performance of the AD9230. When the DCS is on, noise and distortion performance are nearly flat for a wide range of duty cycles. However, some applications may require the DCS function to be off. If so, keep in mind that the dynamic range performance can be affected when operated in this mode. See the AD9230 Configuration Using the SPI section for more details on using this feature. CLK- 50 1 06002-070 CLOCK INPUT 50 1 AD9510/AD9511/ AD9512/AD9513/ AD9514/AD9515 LVDS DRIVER CLK+ 150 RESISTOR IS OPTIONAL. CLK+ CLK 0.1F OPTIONAL 0.1F 100 Clock Duty Cycle Considerations CLK 0.1F CMOS DRIVER 0.1F 0.1F 240 CLK 501 Figure 59. Single-Ended 3.3 V CMOS Sample Clock 0.1F 501 0.1F CLK AD9510/AD9511/ AD9512/AD9513/ AD9514/AD9515 CLOCK INPUT 39k CLK+ 0.1F 0.1F ADC 150 RESISTOR IS OPTIONAL. 100 0.1F CLOCK INPUT 501 CLK+ AD9230 CLK CLK- CLOCK INPUT OPTIONAL 0.1F 100 06002-072 0.1F CLOCK INPUT In some applications, it is acceptable to drive the sample clock inputs with a single-ended CMOS signal. In such applications, CLK+ should be directly driven from a CMOS gate, and the CLK- pin should be bypassed to ground with a 0.1 F capacitor in parallel with a 39 k resistor (see Figure 58). Although the CLK+ input circuit supply is AVDD (1.8 V), this input is designed to withstand input voltages up to 3.3 V, making the selection of the drive logic voltage very flexible. 06002-071 CLOCK INPUT CONSIDERATIONS The duty cycle stabilizer uses a delay-locked loop (DLL) to create the nonsampling edge. As a result, any changes to the sampling frequency require approximately eight clock cycles to allow the DLL to acquire and lock to the new rate. Rev. 0 | Page 22 of 32 AD9230 Clock Jitter Considerations DIGITAL OUTPUTS High speed, high resolution ADCs are sensitive to the quality of the clock input. The degradation in SNR at a given input frequency (fA) due only to aperture jitter (tJ) can be calculated by Digital Outputs and Timing SNR Degradation = 20 x log10[1/2 x x fA x tJ] In this equation, the rms aperture jitter represents the root mean square of all jitter sources, including the clock input, analog input signal, and ADC aperture jitter specifications. IF undersampling applications are particularly sensitive to jitter (see Figure 60). The clock input should be treated as an analog signal in cases where aperture jitter may affect the dynamic range of the AD9230. Power supplies for clock drivers should be separated from the ADC output driver supplies to avoid modulating the clock signal with digital noise. Low jitter, crystal-controlled oscillators make the best clock sources. If the clock is generated from another type of source (by gating, dividing, or other methods), it should be retimed by the original clock at the last step. Refer to the AN-501 Application Note and the AN-756 Application Note for more in-depth information about jitter performance as it relates to ADCs (visit www.analog.com). RMS CLOCK JITTER REQUIREMENT 120 100 16 BITS 90 14 BITS 12 BITS 70 10 BITS 60 8 BITS 50 40 30 1 0.125ps 0.25ps 0.5ps 1.0ps 2.0ps 10 100 ANALOG INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 14 1000 Figure 60. Ideal SNR vs. Input Frequency and Jitter POWER DISSIPATION AND POWER-DOWN MODE As shown in Figure 42, the power dissipated by the AD9230 is proportional to its sample rate. The digital power dissipation does not vary much because it is determined primarily by the DRVDD supply and bias current of the LVDS output drivers. By asserting PDWN (Pin 29) high, the AD9230 is placed in standby mode or full power-down mode, as determined by the contents of Serial Port Register 08. Reasserting the PDWN pin low returns the AD9230 into its normal operational mode. An additional standby mode is supported by means of varying the clock input. When the clock rate falls below 20 MHz, the AD9230 assumes a standby state. In this case, the biasing network and internal reference remain on, but digital circuitry is powered down. Upon reactivating the clock, the AD9230 resumes normal operation after allowing for the pipeline latency. 500 12 400 TIE JITTER HISTOGRAM (Hits) 80 An example of the LVDS output using the ANSI standard (default) data eye and a time interval error (TIE) jitter histogram with trace lengths less than 24 inches on regular FR-4 material is shown in Figure 61. Figure 62 shows an example of when the trace lengths exceed 24 inches on regular FR-4 material. Notice that the TIE jitter histogram reflects the decrease of the data eye opening as the edge deviates from the ideal position. It is up to the user to determine if the waveforms meet the timing budget of the design when the trace lengths exceed 24 inches. 06002-065 SNR (dB) 110 The AD9230 LVDS outputs facilitate interfacing with LVDS receivers in custom ASICs and FPGAs that have LVDS capability for superior switching performance in noisy environments. Single point-to-point net topologies are recommended with a 100 termination resistor placed as close to the receiver as possible. No far-end receiver termination and poor differential trace routing may result in timing errors. It is recommended that the trace length is no longer than 24 inches and that the differential output traces are kept close together and at equal lengths. EYE DIAGRAM: VOLTAGE (mV) 130 The AD9230 differential outputs conform to the ANSI-644 LVDS standard on default power-up. This can be changed to a low power, reduced signal option similar to the IEEE 1596.3 standard using the SPI. This LVDS standard can further reduce the overall power dissipation of the device, which reduces the power by ~39 mW. See the Memory Map section for more information. The LVDS driver current is derived on-chip and sets the output current at each output equal to a nominal 3.5 mA. A 100 differential termination resistor placed at the LVDS receiver inputs results in a nominal 350 mV swing at the receiver. 300 200 100 0 -100 -200 -300 -400 10 8 6 4 2 -500 -3 -2 -1 0 1 TIME (ns) 2 3 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 TIME (ps) Figure 61. Data Eye for LVDS Outputs in ANSI Mode with Trace Lengths Less than 24 Inches on Standard FR-4, AD9230-250 Rev. 0 | Page 23 of 32 600 12 400 10 200 0 -200 OR DATA OUTPUTS 1 1111 1111 1111 0 1111 1111 1111 0 1111 1111 1110 +FS - 1 LSB OR -FS + 1/2 LSB 8 0 0 1 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 6 -FS -FS - 1/2 LSB 4 +FS +FS - 1/2 LSB 06002-062 TIE JITTER HISTOGRAM (Hits) EYE DIAGRAM: VOLTAGE (mV) AD9230 Figure 63. OR Relation to Input Voltage and Output Data -400 2 TIMING -600 -3 0 -100 The AD9230 provides latched data outputs with a pipeline delay of seven clock cycles. Data outputs are available one propagation delay (tPD) after the rising edge of the clock signal. -2 -1 0 1 TIME (ns) 2 3 0 100 TIME (ps) Figure 62. Data Eye for LVDS Outputs in ANSI Mode with Trace Lengths Greater than 24 Inches on Standard FR-4, AD9230-250 The format of the output data is offset binary by default. An example of the output coding format can be found in Table 12. If it is desired to change the output data format to twos complement, see the AD9230 Configuration Using the SPI section. The length of the output data lines and loads placed on them should be minimized to reduce transients within the AD9230. These transients can degrade the converter's dynamic performance. The AD9230 also provides data clock output (DCO) intended for capturing the data in an external register. The data outputs are valid on the rising edge of DCO. An output clock signal is provided to assist in capturing data from the AD9230. The DCO is used to clock the output data and is equal to the sampling clock (CLK) rate. In single data rate mode (SDR), data is clocked out of the AD9230 and must be captured on the rising edge of the DCO. In double data rate mode (DDR), data is clocked out of the AD9230 and must be captured on the rising and falling edges of the DCO See the timing diagrams shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 for more information. The lowest typical conversion rate of the AD9230 is 40 MSPS. At clock rates below 1 MSPS, the AD9230 assumes the standby mode. Output Data Rate and Pinout Configuration AD9230 CONFIGURATION USING THE SPI The output data of the AD9230 can be configured to drive 12 pairs of LVDS outputs at the same rate as the input clock signal (single data rate, or SDR, mode), or six pairs of LVDS outputs at 2x the rate of the input clock signal (double data rate, or DDR, mode). SDR is the default mode; the device may be reconfigured for DDR by setting Bit 3 in Register 14 (see Table 13). The AD9230 SPI allows the user to configure the converter for specific functions or operations through a structured register space inside the ADC. This gives the user added flexibility to customize device operation depending on the application. Addresses are accessed (programmed or readback) serially in one-byte words. Each byte may be further divided down into fields, which are documented in the Memory Map section. Out-of-Range (OR) An out-of-range condition exists when the analog input voltage is beyond the input range of the ADC. OR is a digital output that is updated along with the data output corresponding to the particular sampled input voltage. Thus, OR has the same pipeline latency as the digital data. OR is low when the analog input voltage is within the analog input range and high when the analog input voltage exceeds the input range, as shown in Figure 63. OR remains high until the analog input returns to within the input range and another conversion is completed. By logically AND-ing OR with the MSB and its complement, overrange high or underrange low conditions can be detected. RBIAS The AD9230 requires the user to place a 10 k resistor between the RBIAS pin and ground. This resister should have a 1% tolerance and is used to set the master current reference of the ADC core. There are three pins that define the serial port interface or SPI to this particular ADC. They are the SPI SCLK/DFS, SPI SDIO/DCS, and CSB pins. The SCLK/DFS (serial clock) is used to synchronize the read and write data presented the ADC. The SDIO/DCS (serial data input/output) is a dual-purpose pin that allows data to be sent and read from the internal ADC memory map registers. The CSB is an active low control that enables or disables the read and write cycles (see Table 9). Rev. 0 | Page 24 of 32 AD9230 Table 9. Serial Port Pins HARDWARE INTERFACE Mnemonic SCLK The pins described in Table 9 comprise the physical interface between the user's programming device and the serial port of the AD9230. All serial pins are inputs, which is an open-drain output and should be tied to an external pull-up or pull-down resistor (suggested value of 10 k). SDIO CSB RESET Function SCLK (Serial Clock) is the serial shift clock in. SCLK is used to synchronize serial interface reads and writes. SDIO (Serial Data Input/Output) is a dual-purpose pin. The typical role for this pin is an input and output depending on the instruction being sent and the relative position in the timing frame. CSB (Chip Select Bar) is active low controls that gates the read and write cycles. Master Device Reset. When asserted, device assumes default settings. Active low. This interface is flexible enough to be controlled by either PROMS or PIC mirocontrollers as well. This provides the user with an alternate method to program the ADC other than a SPI controller. If the user chooses not to use the SPI interface, some pins serve a dual function and are associated with a specific function when strapped externally to AVDD or ground during device power on. The Configuration Without the SPI section describes the strappable functions supported on the AD9230. The falling edge of the CSB, in conjunction with the rising edge of the SCLK, determines the start of the framing. An example of the serial timing and its definitions can be found in Figure 64 and Table 11. CONFIGURATION WITHOUT THE SPI During an instruction phase, a 16-bit instruction is transmitted. Data then follows the instruction phase and is determined by the W0 and W1 bits, which is 1 or more bytes of data. All data is composed of 8-bit words. The first bit of each individual byte of serial data indicates whether this is a read or write command. This allows the serial data input/output (SDIO) pin to change direction from an input to an output. In applications that do not interface to the SPI control registers, the SPI SDIO/DCS and SPI SCLK/DFS pins can alternately serve as standalone CMOS-compatible control pins. When the device is powered up, it is assumed that the user intends to use the pins as static control lines for the duty cycle stabilizer. In this mode, the SPI CSB chip select should be connected to ground, which disables the serial port interface. Data may be sent in MSB or in LSB first mode. MSB first is default on power-up and can be changed by changing the configuration register. For more information about this feature and others, see Interfacing to High Speed ADCs via SPI at www.analog.com. Table 10. Mode Selection Mnemonic SPI SDIO/DCS SPI SCLK/DFS tDS tS tHI External Voltage AVDD AGND AVDD AGND Configuration Duty cycle stabilizer enabled Duty cycle stabilizer disabled Twos complement enabled Offset binary enabled tCLK tDH tH tLO CSB SDIO DON'T CARE DON'T CARE R/W W1 W0 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 D5 Figure 64. Serial Port Interface Timing Diagram Rev. 0 | Page 25 of 32 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 DON'T CARE 06002-063 SCLK DON'T CARE AD9230 Table 11. Serial Timing Definitions Parameter tDS tDH tCLK tS tH tHI tLO tEN_SDIO Timing (minimum, ns) 5 2 40 5 2 16 16 1 tDIS_SDIO 5 Description Setup time between the data and the rising edge of SCLK Hold time between the data and the rising edge of SCLK Period of the clock Setup time between CSB and SCLK Hold time between CSB and SCLK Minimum period that SCLK should be in a logic high state Minimum period that SCLK should be in a logic low state Minimum time for the SDIO pin to switch from an input to an output relative to the SCLK falling edge (not shown in Figure 64) Minimum time for the SDIO pin to switch from an output to an input relative to the SCLK rising edge (not shown in Figure 64) Table 12. Output Data Format Input (V) VIN+ - VIN- VIN+ - VIN- VIN+ - VIN- VIN+ - VIN- VIN+ - VIN- Condition (V) < 0.62 = 0.62 =0 = 0.62 > 0.62 + 0.5 LSB Offset Binary Output Mode D11 to D0 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 Twos Complement Mode D11 to D0 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 Rev. 0 | Page 26 of 32 Gray Code Mode (SPI Accessible) D11 to D0 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 OR 1 0 0 0 1 AD9230 MEMORY MAP READING THE MEMORY MAP TABLE RESERVED LOCATIONS Each row in the memory map table has eight address locations. The memory map is roughly divided into three sections: chip configuration register map (Address 0x00 to Address 0x02), transfer register map (Address 0xFF), and program register map (Address 0x08 to Address 0x2A). Undefined memory locations should not be written to other than their default values suggested in this data sheet. Addresses that have values marked as 0 should be considered reserved and have a 0 written into their registers during power-up. The Addr. (Hex) column of the memory map indicates the register address in hexadecimal, and the Default Value (Hex) column shows the default hexadecimal value that is already written into the register The Bit 7 (MSB) column is the start of the default hexadecimal value given. For example, Hexadecimal Address 0x09, clock, has a hexadecimal default value of 0x01. This means Bit 7 = 0, Bit 6 = 0, Bit 5 = 0, Bit 4 = 0, Bit 3 = 0, Bit 2 = 0, Bit 1 = 0, and Bit 0 = 1, or 0000 0001 in binary. The default value enables the duty cycle stabilizer. Overwriting this default so that Bit 0 = 0 disables the duty cycle stabilizer. For more information on this and other functions, consult the Interfacing to High-Speed ADCs via SPI(R) user manual at www.analog.com. Coming out of reset, critical registers are preloaded with default values. These values are indicated in Table 13. Other registers do not have default values and retain the previous value when exiting reset. DEFAULT VALUES LOGIC LEVELS An explanation of various registers follows: "Bit is set" is synonymous with "bit is set to Logic 1" or "writing Logic 1 for the bit." Similarly, "clear a bit" is synonymous with "bit is set to Logic 0" or "writing Logic 0 for the bit." Table 13. Memory Map Register Addr. Bit 7 (Hex) Parameter Name (MSB) Chip Configuration Registers 00 chip_port_config 0 01 chip_id 02 chip_grade Transfer Register FF device_update Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 (LSB) LSB first Soft reset 1 1 Soft reset LSB first 0 8-bit chip ID, Bits[7:0] AD9230 = 0x0C 0 0 0 0 0 0 Speed grade: 00 = 250 MSPS 01 = 210 MSPS 10 = 170 MSPS 0 0 Rev. 0 | Page 27 of 32 Default Value (Hex) 0x18 Readonly X X X Readonly 0 0 SW transfer 0x00 Default Notes/ Comments The nibbles should be mirrored by the user so that LSB or MSB first mode registers correctly, regardless of shift mode. Default is unique chip ID, different for each device. This is a readonly register. Child ID used to differentiate graded devices. Synchronously transfers data from the master shift register to the slave. AD9230 Addr. (Hex) Parameter Name ADC Functions 08 modes Bit 7 (MSB) Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 0 0 PDWN: 0 = full (default) 1= standby 0 0 09 clock 0 0 0 0 OD test_io Reset PN23 gen: 1 = on 0 = off (default) Reset PN9 gen: 1 = on 0 = off (default) OF ain_config 0 0 0 14 output_mode 0 0 Output enable: 0= enable (default) 1= disable 15 output_adjust 0 0 16 output_phase Output clock polarity 1= inverted 0= normal (default) 0 0 Bit 1 Internal power-down mode: 000 = normal (power-up, default) 001 = full power-down 010 = standby 011 = normal (power-up) Note: External PDWN pin overrides this setting. 0 0 0 Duty cycle stabilizer: 0= disabled 1= enabled (default) Output test mode: 0000 = off (default) 0001 = midscale short 0010 = +FS short 0011 = -FS short 0100 = checker board output 0101 = PN 23 sequence 0110 = PN 9 0111 = one/zero word toggle 1000 = unused 1001 = unused 1010 = unused 1011 = unused 1100 = unused (Format determined by output_mode) CML 0 0 Analog enable: input disable: 1 = on 1 = on 0 = off 0 = off (default) (default) Data format select: Output DDR: 00 = offset binary invert: 1= (default) 1 = on enabled 01 = twos 0 = off 0= complement disabled (default) 10 = Gray code (default) LVDS course adjust: 0= 3.5 mA (default) 1= 2.0 mA 0 Bit 2 Bit 0 (LSB) 0 LVDS fine adjust: 001 = 3.50 mA 010 = 3.25 mA 011 = 3.00 mA 100 = 2.75 mA 101 = 2.50 mA 110 = 2.25 mA 111 = 2.00 mA Def. Value (Hex) 0x00 Determines various generic modes of chip operation. 0x01 0x00 When set, the test data is placed on the output pins in place of normal data. 0x00 0x00 0 0x00 0 0x03 Rev. 0 | Page 28 of 32 Default Notes/ Comments AD9230 Addr. (Hex) 17 Parameter Name flex_output_delay 18 flex_vref 2A ovr_config Bit 7 (MSB) Output delay enable: 0= enable 1= disable Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Output clock delay: 00000 = 0.1 ns 00001 = 0.2 ns 00010 = 0.3 ns ... 11101 = 3.0 ns 11110 = 3.1 ns 11111 = 3.2 ns Input voltage range setting: 10000 = 0.98 V 10001 =1.00 V 10010 = 1.02 V 10011 =1.04 V ... 11111 = 1.23 V 00000 = 1.25 V 00001 = 1.27 V ... 01110 = 1.48 V 01111 = 1.50 V OR position (DDR mode only): 0 = Pin 9, Pin 10 1= Pin 21, Pin 22 Rev. 0 | Page 29 of 32 Bit 0 (LSB) Def. Value (Hex) 0 Default Notes/ Comments 0 OR enable: 1 = on (default) 0 = off 00000001 AD9230 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 8.00 BSC SQ 0.60 MAX 14 29 28 15 0.30 MIN 6.50 REF 0.80 MAX 0.65 TYP 0.50 BSC PIN 1 INDICATOR 4.45 4.30 SQ 4.15 EXPOSED PAD (BOTTOM VIEW) 7.75 BSC SQ 0.50 0.40 0.30 SEATING PLANE 1 0.05 MAX 0.02 NOM COPLANARITY 0.08 0.20 REF COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-220-VLLD-2 112805-0 TOP VIEW 12 MAX 56 43 42 PIN 1 INDICATOR 1.00 0.85 0.80 0.30 0.23 0.18 0.60 MAX Figure 65. 56-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_VQ] 8 mm x 8 mm Body, Very Thin Quad (CP-56-2) Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model AD9230BCPZ-170 1 AD9230BCPZ-2101 AD9230BCPZ-2501 AD9230-170EBZ1 AD9230-210EBZ1 AD9230-250EBZ1 1 Temperature Range -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C Package Description 56-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_VQ] 56-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_VQ] 56-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_VQ] LVDS Evaluation Board with AD9230BCPZ-170 LVDS Evaluation Board with AD9230BCPZ-210 LVDS Evaluation Board with AD9230BCPZ-250 Z = Pb-free part. Rev. 0 | Page 30 of 32 Package Option CP-56-2 CP-56-2 CP-56-2 AD9230 NOTES Rev. 0 | Page 31 of 32 AD9230 NOTES (c)2007 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D06002-0-2/07(0) Rev. 0 | Page 32 of 32