DP83846A DP83846A DsPHYTER - Single 10/100 Ethernet Transceiver Literature Number: SNLS063E DP83846A DsPHYTER -- Single 10/100 Ethernet Transceiver General Description Features The DP83846A is a full feature single Physical Layer device with integrated PMD sublayers to support both 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX Ethernet protocols over Category 3 (10 Mb/s) or Category 5 Unsheilded twisted pair cables. Applications bs Network Interface Cards PCMCIA Cards ol e The DP83846A utilizes on chip Digital Signal Processing (DSP) technology and digital Phase Lock Loops (PLLs) for robust performance under all operating conditions, enhanced noise immunity, and lower external component count when compared to analog solutions. te The DP83846A is designed for easy implementation of 10/100 Mb/s Ethernet home or office solutions. It interfaces to Twisted Pair media via an external transformer. This device interfaces directly to MAC devices through the IEEE 802.3u standard Media Independent Interface (MII) ensuring interoperability between products from different vendors. IEEE 802.3 ENDEC, 10BASE-T transceivers and filters IEEE 802.3u PCS, 100BASE-TX transceivers and filters IEEE 802.3 compliant Auto-Negotiation Output edge rate control eliminates external filtering for Transmit outputs BaseLine Wander compensation 5V/3.3V MAC interface IEEE 802.3u MII (16 pins/port) LED support (Link, Rx, Tx, Duplex, Speed, Collision) Single register access for complete PHY status 10/100 Mb/s packet loopback BIST (Built in Self Test) Low-power 3.3V, 0.35um CMOS technology Power consumption < 495mW (typical) 5V tolerant I/Os 80-pin LQFP package (12w) x (12l) x (1.4h) mm O DP83846A 10/100 Mb/s Ethernet MAC DsPHYTER MII 25 MHz Clock Magnetics System Diagram RJ-45 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX Status LEDs Typical DsPHYTER application (c)2002 National Semiconductor Corporation www.national.com DP83846A DsPHYTER -- Single 10/100 Ethernet Transceiver May 2002 DP83846A RX_CLK RXD[3:0] RX_DV RX_ER CRS COL MDC MDIO TX_EN SERIAL MANAGEMENT TX_ER TX_CLK HARDWARE CONFIGURATION PINS (AN_EN, AN0, AN1) (PAUSE_EN) (LED_CFG, PHYAD) TXD[3:0] MII MII INTERFACE/CONTROL RX_CLK TX_DATA TRANSMIT CHANNELS & STATE MACHINES PARALLEL TO SERIAL SCRAMBLER NRZ TO NRZI ENCODER BINARY TO MLT-3 ENCODER 10 Mb/s REGISTERS MII PHY ADDRESS NRZ TO MANCHESTER ENCODER RECEIVE CHANNELS & STATE MACHINES AUTO NEGOTIATION BASIC MODE CONTROL 100 Mb/s 4B/5B DECODER CODE GROUP ALIGNMENT 10 Mb/s MANCHESTER TO NRZ DECODER ol e 100 Mb/s 4B/5B ENCODER RX_CLK TX_CLK te TX_DATA RX_DATA RX_DATA PCS CONTROL LINK PULSE GENERATOR CLOCK RECOVERY SERIAL TO PARALLEL 10BASE-T 100BASE-TX DESCRAMBLER NRZI TO NRZ DECODER TRANSMIT FILTER LINK PULSE DETECTOR CLOCK RECOVERY bs AUTO-NEGOTIATION STATE MACHINE 10/100 COMMON OUTPUT DRIVER O CLOCK GENERATION MLT-3 TO BINARY DECODER ADAPTIVE BLW AND EQ COMP RECEIVE FILTER SMART SQUELCH 10/100 COMMON INPUT BUFFER LED DRIVERS RD LEDS TD SYSTEM CLOCK REFERENCE Figure 1. Block Diagram of the 10/100 DSP based core. 2 www.national.com DP83846A 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 O 7.0 ol e 2.0 Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1 MII Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2 10 Mb/s and 100 Mb/s PMD Interface . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.3 Clock Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.4 Special Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.5 LED Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.6 Strapping Options/Dual Purpose Pins . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.7 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.8 Power and Ground Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.9 Package Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.1 Auto-Negotiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2 PHY Address and LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.3 LED INTERFACES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.4 Half Duplex vs. Full Duplex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.5 MII Isolate Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.6 Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.7 BIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.1 802.3u MII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.2 100BASE-TX TRANSMITTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.3 100BASE-TX RECEIVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.4 10BASE-T TRANSCEIVER MODULE . . . . . . . . . 23 3.5 TPI Network Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.6 ESD Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.7 Crystal Oscillator Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Reset Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.1 Hardware Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.2 Software Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Register Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 5.1 Register Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 5.2 Extended Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 6.1 Reset Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 6.2 PGM Clock Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 6.3 MII Serial Management Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 6.4 100 Mb/s Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 6.5 10 Mb/s Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 6.6 Loopback Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 6.7 Isolation Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Physical Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 bs 1.0 te Table of Contents 3 www.national.com DP83846A COL TXD_3 TXD_2 IO_VDD IO_GND TXD_1 TXD_0 IO_GND TX_EN TX_CLK TX_ER CORE_VDD CORE_GND RESERVED RX_ER/PAUSE_EN RX_CLK RX_DV IO_VDD IO_GND RXD_0 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 Connection Diagram CRS/LED_CFG 61 40 62 39 63 38 IO_GND 64 IO_VDD 65 X2 66 X1 67 37 36 35 34 69 RESERVED 70 RESERVED 71 CORE_VDD 72 CORE_GND 73 RESERVED 74 RESERVED 75 SUB_GND 76 31 MDC MDIO IO_VDD IO_GND LED_DPLX/PHYAD0 LED_COL/PHYAD1 LED_GDLNK/PHYAD2 30 LED_TX/PHYAD3 29 LED_RX/PHYAD4 28 LED_SPEED 27 AN_EN 22 RESERVED 80 21 RESERVED RESERVED SUB_GND ANA_GND TD- TD+ ANA_GND ANA_VDD ANA_GND ANA_VDD 10 RD+ RD- 9 8 ANA_GND RESERVED 7 6 ANA_VDD ANA_GND 5 4 RESERVED 3 ANA_VDD RESERVED ANA_GND O 20 79 19 CORE_GND 18 23 17 78 16 CORE_VDD 15 24 14 77 13 AN_0 12 25 bs AN_1 1 RESERVED RXD_3 26 2 SUB_GND 32 DP83846A DSPHYTER RBIAS RESERVED RESERVED 33 ol e 68 RESERVED 11 RESERVED RXD_2 te RESET RESERVED RXD_1 Plastic Quad Flat Pack (LQFP) Order Number DP83846AVHG NS Package Number VHG-80A 4 www.national.com The DP83846A pins are classified into the following interface categories (each interface is described in the sections that follow): Note: All DP83846A signal pins are I/O cells regardless of the particular use. Below definitions define the functionality of the I/O cells for each pin. -- MII Interface -- 10/100 Mb/s PMD Interface -- Clock Interface -- Special Connect Pins -- LED Interface -- Strapping Options/Dual Function pins -- Reset -- Power and Ground pins Note: Strapping pin option (BOLD) Please see Section 1.6 for strap definitions. Type: I Type: O Type: I/O Type OD Type: PD,PU Type: S Inputs Outputs Input/Output Open Drain Internal Pulldown/Pullup Strapping Pin (All strap pins except PHYAD[0:4] have internal pull-ups or pulldowns. If the default strap value is needed to be changed then an external 5 k resistor should be used. Please see Table 1.6 on page 7 for details.) Type LQFP Pin # MDC I 37 MDIO I/O, OD 36 MANAGEMENT DATA I/O: Bi-directional management instruction/data signal that may be sourced by the station management entity or the PHY. This pin requires a 1.5 k pullup resistor. O, S 61 CARRIER SENSE: Asserted high to indicate the presence of carrier due to receive or transmit activity in 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX Half Duplex Modes, while in full duplex mode carrier sense is asserted to indicate the presence of carrier due only to receive activity. O 60 COLLISION DETECT: Asserted high to indicate detection of a collision condition (simultaneous transmit and receive activity) in 10 Mb/s and 100 Mb/s Half Duplex Modes. CRS/LED_CFG MANAGEMENT DATA CLOCK: Synchronous clock to the MDIO management data input/output serial interface which may be asynchronous to transmit and receive clocks. The maximum clock rate is 25 MHz with no minimum clock rate. bs COL Description ol e Signal Name te 1.1 MII Interface While in 10BASE-T Half Duplex mode with Heartbeat enabled this pin are also asserted for a duration of approximately 1s at the end of transmission to indicate heartbeat (SQE test). In Full Duplex Mode, for 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s operation, this signal is always logic 0. There is no heartbeat function during 10 Mb/s full duplex operation. O O TX_CLK 51 TRANSMIT CLOCK: 25 MHz Transmit clock outputs in 100BASETX mode or 2.5 MHz in 10BASE-T mode derived from the 25 MHz reference clock. TXD[3] TXD[2] TXD[1] TXD[0]] I TX_EN I 52 TRANSMIT ENABLE: Active high input indicates the presence of valid nibble data on data inputs, TXD[3:0] for both 100 Mb/s or 10 Mb/s nibble mode. TX_ER I 50 TRANSMIT ERROR: In 100MB/s mode, when this signal is high and the corresponding TX_EN is active the HALT symbol is substituted for data. 59, 58, 55, 54 TRANSMIT DATA: Transmit data MII input pins that accept nibble data synchronous to the TX_CLK (2.5 MHz in 10BASE-T Mode or 25 MHz in 100BASE-TX mode. In 10 Mb/s this input is ignored. RX_CLK O, PU 45 RECEIVE CLOCK: Provides the 25 MHz recovered receive clocks for 100BASE-TX mode and 2.5 MHz for 10BASE-T nibble mode. 5 www.national.com DP83846A 1.0 Pin Descriptions RXD[3] Type LQFP Pin # O, PU/PD RXD[2] RXD[1] RXD[0] RX_ER/PAUSE_EN RX_DV Description 38, 39, 40, 41 RECEIVE DATA: Nibble wide receive data (synchronous to corresponding RX_CLK, 25 MHz for 100BASE-TX mode, 2.5 MHz for 10BASE-T nibble mode). Data is driven on the falling edge of RX_CLK. RXD[2] has an internal pulldown resistor. The remaining RXD pins have pullups. S, O, PU 46 RECEIVE ERROR: Asserted high to indicate that an invalid symbol has been detected within a received packet in 100BASE-TX mode. O 44 RECEIVE DATA VALID: Asserted high to indicate that valid data is present on the corresponding RXD[3:0] for nibble mode. Data is driven on the falling edge of the corresponding RX_CLK. 1.2 10 Mb/s and 100 Mb/s PMD Interface Type LQFP Pin # Description O 16, 17 Differential common driver transmit output. These differential outputs are configurable to either 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX signaling. TD+, TD- te Signal Name The DP83846A will automatically configure the common driver outputs for the proper signal type as a result of either forced configuration or Auto-Negotiation. RD-, RD+ I 10, 11 Differential receive input. These differential inputs can be configured to accept either 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T signaling. 1.3 Clock Interface Signal Name X2 Type LQFP Pin # Description I 67 REFERENCE CLOCK INPUT 25 MHz: This pin is the primary clock reference input for the DP83846A and must be connected to a 25 MHz 0.005% (50 ppm) clock source. The DP83846A supports CMOS-level oscillator sources. bs X1 ol e The DP83846A will automatically configure the receive inputs to accept the proper signal type as a result of either forced configuration or Auto-Negotiation. O 66 REFERENCE CLOCK OUTPUT 25 MHz: This pin is the primary clock reference output. Type LQFP Pin # Description 3 Bias Resistor Connection. A 9.31 k 1% resistor should be connected from RBIAS to ANA_GND. 1.4 Special Connections O Signal Name RBIAS RESERVED I I/O 1, 5, 8, 20, RESERVED: These pins must be left unconnected. 21, 22, 47, 63, 68, 69, 70, 71, 74, 75, 77, 78, 80 6 www.national.com DP83846A Signal Name Type LQFP Pin # LED_DPLX/PHYAD0 Signal Name S, O 33 FULL DUPLEX LED STATUS: Indicates Full-Duplex status. LED_COL/PHYAD1 S, O 32 COLLISION LED STATUS: Indicates Collision activity in Half Duplex mode. LED_GDLNK/PHYAD2 S, O 31 GOOD LINK LED STATUS: Indicates Good Link Status for 10BASET and 100BASE-TX. LED_TX/PHYAD3 S, O 30 TRANSMIT LED STATUS: Indicates transmit activity. LED is on for activity, off for no activity. LED_RX/PHYAD4 S, O 29 RECEIVE LED STATUS: Indicates receive activity. LED is on for activity, off for no activity. O 28 SPEED LED STATUS: Indicates link speed; high for 100 Mb/s, low for 10 Mb/s. LED_SPEED Description 1.6 Strapping Options/Dual Purpose Pins LED_DPLX/PHYAD0 LED_COL/PHYAD1 LED_GDLNK/PHYAD2 LED_TX/PHYAD3 LED_RX/PHYAD4 Type LQFP Pin # Description ol e Signal Name te tors will set the default value. Please note that the PHYAD[0:4] pins have no internal pull-ups or pull-downs A 5 k resistor should be used for pull-down or pull-up to and they must be strapped. Since these pins may have change the default strap option. If the default option is alternate functions after reset is deasserted, they should required, then there is no need for external pull-up or pull not be connected directly to Vcc or GND. down resistors, since the internal pull-up or pull down resis- S, O 33 32 31 30 29 PHY ADDRESS [4:0]: The DP83846A provides five PHY address pins, the state of which are latched into the PHYCTRL register at system Hardware-Reset. The DP83846A supports PHY Address strapping values 0 (<00000>) through 31 (<11111>). PHY Address 0 puts the part into the MII Isolate Mode. The MII isolate mode must be selected by strapping Phy Address 0; changing to Address 0 by register write will not put the Phy in the MII isolate mode. O bs The status of these pins are latched into the PHY Control Register during Hardware-Reset. (Please note these pins have no internal pull-up or pull-down resistors and they must be strapped high or low using 5 k resistors.) 7 www.national.com DP83846A 1.5 LED Interface AN_EN Type S, O, PU LQFP Pin # Description 27 Auto-Negotiation Enable: When high enables Auto-Negotiation with the capability set by ANO and AN1 pins. When low, puts the part into Forced Mode with the capability set by AN0 and AN1 pins. AN_1 26 AN_0 25 AN0 / AN1: These input pins control the forced or advertised operating mode of the DP83846A according to the following table. The value on these pins is set by connecting the input pins to GND (0) or VCC (1) through 5 k resistors. These pins should NEVER be connected directly to GND or VCC. The value set at this input is latched into the DP83846A at Hardware-Reset. The float/pull-down status of these pins are latched into the Basic Mode Control Register and the Auto_Negotiation Advertisement Register during Hardware-Reset. After reset is deasserted, these pins may switch to outputs so if pull-ups or pull-downs are implemented, they should be pulled through a 5k resistor. The default is 111 since these pins have pull-ups. AN0 Forced Mode te AN_EN AN1 0 0 10BASE-T, Half-Duplex 0 0 1 10BASE-T, Full-Duplex 0 1 0 100BASE-TX, Half-Duplex 0 1 1 100BASE-TX, Full-Duplex ol e 0 AN_EN AN1 AN0 Advertised Mode 1 0 0 10BASE-T, Half/Full-Duplex 1 0 1 100BASE-TX, Half/Full-Duplex 1 1 0 10BASE-T Half-Duplex 1 1 1 10BASE-T, Half/Full-Duplex 100BASE-TX, Half-Duplex 100BASE-TX, Half/Full-Duplex S, O, PU 46 PAUSE ENABLE: This strapping option allows advertisement of whether or not the DTE(MAC) has implemented both the optional MAC control sublayer and the pause function as specified in clause 31 and annex 31B of the IEEE 802.3x specification (Full Duplex Flow Control). bs RX_ER/PAUSE_EN O When left floating the Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register will be set to 0, indicating that Full Duplex Flow Control is not supported. CRS/LED_CFG S, O, PU When tied low through a 5 k, the Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register will be set to 1, indicating that Full Duplex Flow Control is supported. The float/pull-down status of this pin is latched into the Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register during Hardware-Reset. 61 LED CONFIGURATION: This strapping option defines the polarity and function of the FDPLX LED pin. See Section 2.3 for further descriptions of this strapping option. 8 www.national.com DP83846A Signal Name DP83846A 1.7 Reset Signal Name Type LQFP Pin # LLP Pin # Description I 62 46 RESET: Active Low input that initializes or re-initializes the DP83846A. Asserting this pin low for at least 160 s will force a reset process to occur which will result in all internal registers re-initializing to their default states as specified for each bit in the Register Block section and all strapping options are re-initialized. RESET 1.8 Power and Ground Pins Signal Name LQFP Pin # Description TTL/CMOS INPUT/OUTPUT SUPPLY 35, 43, 57, 65 I/O Supply IO_GND 34, 42, 53, 56, 64 I/O Ground INTERNAL SUPPLY PAIRS CORE_VDD 24, 49, 72 CORE_GND 23, 48, 73 ANALOG SUPPLY PINS te IO_VDD Digital Core Supply Digital Core Ground 4, 7, 12, 14 ANA_GND 2, 6, 9, 13, 15, 18, Analog Ground 19, 76, 79 Bandgap Substrate connection SUBSTRATE GROUND O bs SUB_GND Analog Supply ol e ANA_VDD 9 www.national.com DP83846A 1.9 Package Pin Assignments LQFP Pin # Pin Name LQFP Pin # Pin Name RESERVED 41 RXD_0 2 ANA_GND 42 IO_GND 3 RBIAS 43 IO_VDD 4 ANA_VDD 44 RX_DV 5 RESERVED 45 RX_CLK 6 ANA_GND 46 RX_ER/PAUSE_EN 7 ANA_VDD 47 RESERVED 8 RESERVED 48 CORE_GND 9 ANA_GND 49 CORE_VDD 10 RD- 50 TX_ER 11 RD+ ANA_VDD 13 ANA_GND 14 ANA_VDD 15 ANA_GND 16 TD+ 17 TD- 18 ANA_GND 19 SUB_GND 20 RESERVED RESERVED 22 RESERVED bs 21 51 TX_CLK 52 TX_EN 53 IO_GND 54 TXD_0 55 TXD_1 ol e 12 te 1 56 IO_GND 57 IO_VDD 58 TXD_2 59 TXD_3 60 COL 61 CRS/LED_CFG 62 RESET 63 RESERVED 23 CORE_GND 24 CORE_VDD 64 IO_GND 25 AN_0 65 IO_VDD 26 AN_1 66 X2 27 AN_EN 67 X1 28 LED_SPEED RESERVED LED_RX /PHYAD4 69 RESERVED 30 LED_TX /PHYAD3 70 RESERVED 31 LED_GDLNK/PHYAD2 71 RESERVED 32 LED_COL /PHYAD1 72 CORE_VDD 33 LED_FDPLX /PHYAD0 73 CORE_GND 34 IO_GND 74 RESERVED 35 IO_VDD 75 RESERVED 36 MDIO 76 SUB_GND 37 MDC 77 RESERVED 38 RXD_3 78 RESERVED 39 RXD_2 79 SUB_GND 40 RXD_1 80 RESERVED O 68 29 10 www.national.com This section includes information on the various configuration options available with the DP83846A. The configuration options described below include: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Table 1. Auto-Negotiation Modes AN_EN Device Configuration Auto-Negotiation PHY Address and LEDs Half Duplex vs. Full Duplex Isolate mode Loopback mode BIST 2.1 Auto-Negotiation AN0 Forced Mode 0 0 0 10BASE-T, Half-Duplex 0 0 1 10BASE-T, Full-Duplex 0 1 0 100BASE-TX, Half-Duplex 0 1 1 100BASE-TX, Full-Duplex AN_EN AN1 AN0 1 0 0 10BASE-T, Half/Full-Duplex 1 0 1 100BASE-TX, Half/Full-Duplex 1 1 0 Advertised Mode 10BASE-T Half-Duplex 100BASE-TX, Half-Duplex 1 1 1 10BASE-T, Half/Full-Duplex te 100BASE-TX, Half/Full-Duplex 2.1.2 Auto-Negotiation Register Control When Auto-Negotiation is enabled, the DP83846A transmits the abilities programmed into the Auto-Negotiation Advertisement register (ANAR) at address 04h via FLP Bursts. Any combination of 10 Mb/s, 100 Mb/s, HalfDuplex, and Full Duplex modes may be selected. The BMCR provides software with a mechanism to control the operation of the DP83846A. The AN0 and AN1 pins do not affect the contents of the BMCR and cannot be used by software to obtain status of the mode selected. Bits 1 & 2 of the PHYSTS register are only valid if Auto-Negotiation is disabled or after Auto-Negotiation is complete. The AutoNegotiation protocol compares the contents of the ANLPAR and ANAR registers and uses the results to automatically configure to the highest performance protocol between the local and far-end port. The results of AutoNegotiation (Auto-Neg Complete, Duplex Status and Speed) may be accessed in the PHYSTS register. ol e The Auto-Negotiation function provides a mechanism for exchanging configuration information between two ends of a link segment and automatically selecting the highest performance mode of operation supported by both devices. Fast Link Pulse (FLP) Bursts provide the signalling used to communicate Auto-Negotiation abilities between two devices at each end of a link segment. For further detail regarding Auto-Negotiation, refer to Clause 28 of the IEEE 802.3u specification. The DP83846A supports four different Ethernet protocols (10 Mb/s Half Duplex, 10 Mb/s Full Duplex, 100 Mb/s Half Duplex, and 100 Mb/s Full Duplex), so the inclusion of Auto-Negotiation ensures that the highest performance protocol will be selected based on the advertised ability of the Link Partner. The Auto-Negotiation function within the DP83846A can be controlled either by internal register access or by the use of the AN_EN, AN1 and AN0 pins. AN1 2.1.1 Auto-Negotiation Pin Control bs The state of AN_EN, AN0 and AN1 determines whether the DP83846A is forced into a specific mode or Auto-Negotiation will advertise a specific ability (or set of abilities) as given in Table 1. These pins allow configuration options to be selected without requiring internal register access. The state of AN_EN, AN0 and AN1, upon power-up/reset, determines the state of bits [8:5] of the ANAR register. Auto-Negotiation Priority Resolution: O -- (1) 100BASE-TX Full Duplex (Highest Priority) -- (2) 100BASE-TX Half Duplex The Auto-Negotiation function selected at power-up or reset can be changed at any time by writing to the Basic -- (3) 10BASE-T Full Duplex Mode Control Register (BMCR) at address 00h. -- (4) 10BASE-T Half Duplex (Lowest Priority) The Basic Mode Control Register (BMCR) at address 00h provides control for enabling, disabling, and restarting the Auto-Negotiation process. When Auto-Negotiation is disabled the Speed Selection bit in the BMCR controls switching between 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s operation, and the Duplex Mode bit controls switching between full duplex operation and half duplex operation. The Speed Selection and Duplex Mode bits have no effect on the mode of operation when the Auto-Negotiation Enable bit is set. The Basic Mode Status Register (BMSR) indicates the set of available abilities for technology types, Auto-Negotiation ability, and Extended Register Capability. These bits are permanently set to indicate the full functionality of the DP83846A (only the 100BASE-T4 bit is not set since the DP83846A does not support that function). 11 www.national.com DP83846A 2.0 Configuration data and link pulse activity until the break_link_timer expires (~1500 ms). Consequently, the Link Partner will go into link fail and normal Auto-Negotiation resumes. The DP83846A will resume Auto-Negotiation after the break_link_timer has expired by issuing FLP (Fast Link Pulse) bursts. -- Whether Auto-Negotiation is complete -- Whether the Link Partner is advertising that a remote fault has occurred -- Whether valid link has been established -- Support for Management Frame Preamble suppression The Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register (ANAR) indicates the Auto-Negotiation abilities to be advertised by the DP83846A. All available abilities are transmitted by default, but any ability can be suppressed by writing to the ANAR. Updating the ANAR to suppress an ability is one way for a management agent to change (force) the technology that is used. 2.1.5 Enabling Auto-Negotiation via Software 2.2 PHY Address and LEDs ol e -- Whether the Link Partner supports the Next Page function -- Whether the DP83846A supports the Next Page function -- Whether the current page being exchanged by Auto-Negotiation has been received -- Whether the Link Partner supports Auto-Negotiation te It is important to note that if the DP83846A has been initialized upon power-up as a non-auto-negotiating device (forced technology), and it is then required that Auto-Negotiation or re-Auto-Negotiation be initiated via software, bit 12 (Auto-Negotiation Enable) of the Basic Mode Control Register must first be cleared and then set for any AutoThe Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register Negotiation function to take effect. (ANLPAR) at address 05h is used to receive the base link code word as well as all next page code words during the 2.1.6 Auto-Negotiation Complete Time negotiation. Furthermore, the ANLPAR will be updated to Parallel detection and Auto-Negotiation take approximately either 0081h or 0021h for parallel detection to either 100 2-3 seconds to complete. In addition, Auto-Negotiation with Mb/s or 10 Mb/s respectively. next page should take approximately 2-3 seconds to comThe Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register (ANER) indi- plete, depending on the number of next pages sent. cates additional Auto-Negotiation status. The ANER pro- Refer to Clause 28 of the IEEE 802.3u standard for a full vides status on: description of the individual timers related to Auto-Negotiation. -- Whether a Parallel Detect Fault has occurred The 5 PHY address inputs pins are shared with the LED pins as shown below. Table 2. PHY Address Mapping 2.1.3 Auto-Negotiation Parallel Detection bs The DP83846A supports the Parallel Detection function as defined in the IEEE 802.3u specification. Parallel Detection requires both the 10 Mb/s and 100 Mb/s receivers to monitor the receive signal and report link status to the AutoNegotiation function. Auto-Negotiation uses this information to configure the correct technology in the event that the Link Partner does not support Auto-Negotiation but is transmitting link signals that the 100BASE-TX or 10BASET PMAs recognize as valid link signals. O If the DP83846A completes Auto-Negotiation as a result of Parallel Detection, bits 5 and 7 within the ANLPAR register will be set to reflect the mode of operation present in the Link Partner. Note that bits 4:0 of the ANLPAR will also be set to 00001 based on a successful parallel detection to indicate a valid 802.3 selector field. Software may determine that negotiation completed via Parallel Detection by reading a zero in the Link Partner Auto-Negotiation Able bit once the Auto-Negotiation Complete bit is set. If configured for parallel detect mode and any condition other than a single good link occurs then the parallel detect fault bit will set. Pin # PHYAD Function LED Function 33 PHYAD0 Duplex 32 PHYAD1 COL 31 PHYAD2 Good Link 30 PHYAD3 TX Activity 29 PHYAD4 RX Activity 28 n/a Speed The DP83846A can be set to respond to any of 32 possible PHY addresses. Each DP83846A or port sharing an MDIO bus in a system must have a unique physical address. Refer to Section 3.1.4, PHY Address Sensing section for more details. The state of each of the PHYAD inputs latched into the PHYCTRL register bits [4:0] at system power-up/reset depends on whether a pull-up or pull-down resistor has been installed for each pin. For further detail relating to the latch-in timing requirements of the PHY Address pins, as well as the other hardware configuration pins, refer to the Reset summary in Section 4.0. 2.1.4 Auto-Negotiation Restart Since the PHYAD strap options share the LED output pins, Once Auto-Negotiation has completed, it may be restarted the external components required for strapping and LED at any time by setting bit 9 (Restart Auto-Negotiation) of the usage must be considered in order to avoid contention. BMCR to one. If the mode configured by a successful Auto- Specifically, when the LED outputs are used to drive LEDs Negotiation loses a valid link, then the Auto-Negotiation directly, the active state of each output driver is dependent process will resume and attempt to determine the configu- on the logic level sampled by the corresponding PHYAD ration for the link. This function ensures that a valid config- input upon power-up/reset. For example, if a given PHYAD input is resistively pulled low then the corresponding output uration is maintained if the cable becomes disconnected. A renegotiation request from any entity, such as a manage- will be configured as an active high driver. Conversely, if a ment agent, will cause the DP83846A to halt any transmit given PHYAD input is resistively pulled high, then the corresponding output will be configured as an active low 12 www.national.com DP83846A The BMSR also provides status on: LED_FDPLX LED_COL LED_GDLNK LED_TX LED_RX 1k te 10k 1k 10k 1k 10k 1k 10k 1k 10k PHYAD4= 0 PHYAD3 = 0 PHYAD2 = 0 PHYAD1 = 1 PHYAD0 = 1 ol e VCC Figure 2. PHYAD Strapping and LED Loading Example 2.3 LED INTERFACES 10 Mb/s Link is established as a result of the reception of at least seven consecutive normal Link Pulses or the reception of a valid 10BASE-T packet. This will cause the assertion of GD_LINK. GD_LINK will deassert in accordance with the Link Loss Timer as specified in IEEE 802.3. bs The DP83846A has 6 Light Emitting Diode (LED) outputs, each capable to drive a maximum of 10 mA, to indicate the status of Link, Transmit, Receive, Collision, Speed, and Full/Half Duplex operation. The LED_CFG strap option is used to configure the LED_FDPLX output for use as an LED driver or more general purpose control pin. See the table below: In 100BASE-T mode, link is established as a result of input receive amplitude compliant with TP-PMD specifications which will result in internal generation of signal detect. The Collision LED indicates the presence of collision activity for 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s Half Duplex operation. This bit has no meaning in Full Duplex operation and will be deasLED_CFG Mode Description serted when the port is operating in Full Duplex. Since this pin is also used as the PHY address strap option, the 1 LED polarity adjusted polarity of this indicator is adjusted to be the inverse of the 0 Duplex active-high strap value. In 10 Mb/s half duplex mode, the collision LED is based on the COL signal. When in this mode, the user The LED_FDPLX pin indicates the Half or Full Duplex con- should disable the Heartbeat (SQE) to avoid asserting the figuration of the port in both 10 Mb/s and 100 Mb/s opera- COL LED during transmission. See Section 3.4.2 for more tion. Since this pin is also used as the PHY address strap information about the Heartbeat signal. option, the polarity of this indicator may be adjusted so that The LED_RX and LED_TX pins indicate the presence of in the "active" (FULL DUPLEX selected) state it drives transmit and/or receive activity. Since these pins are also against the pullup/pulldown strap. In this configuration it is used in PHY address strap options, the polarity is adjusted suitable for use as an LED. When LED_CFG is high this to be the inverse of the respective strap values. mode is selected and DsPHYTER automatically adjusts the polarity of the output. If LED_CFG is low, the output drives 2.4 Half Duplex vs. Full Duplex high to indicate the "active" state. In this configuration the output is suitable for use as a control pin. The The DP83846A supports both half and full duplex operation LED_SPEED pin indicates 10 or 100 Mb/s data rate of the at both 10 Mb/s and 100 Mb/s speeds. Half-duplex is the port. The standard CMOS driver goes high when operating standard, traditional mode of operation which relies on the in 100 Mb/s operation. Since this pin is not utilized as a CSMA/CD protocol to handle collisions and network access. In Half-Duplex mode, CRS responds to both transstrap option, it is not affected by polarity adjustment. The LED_GDLNK pin indicates the link status of the port. mit and receive activity in order to maintain compliance Since this pin is also used as the PHY address strap with IEEE 802.3 specification. O Table 3. LED Mode Select option, the polarity of this indicator is adjusted to be the inverse of the strap value. Since the DP83846A is designed to support simultaneous transmit and receive activity it is capable of supporting fullduplex switched applications with a throughput of up to 13 www.national.com DP83846A driver. Refer to Figure 2 for an example of a PHYAD con- The adaptive nature of the LED outputs helps to simplify nection to external components. In this example, the potential implementation issues of these dual purpose pins. PHYAD strapping results in address 00011 (03h). O bs ol e te The DP83846A includes a Loopback Test mode for facilitating system diagnostics. The Loopback mode is selected through bit 14 (Loopback) of the Basic Mode Control Register (BMCR). Writing 1 to this bit enables MII transmit data to be routed to the MII receive outputs. Loopback status may be checked in bit 3 of the PHY Status Register All modes of operation (100BASE-TX and 10BASE-T) can (PHYSTS). While in Loopback mode the data will not be run either half-duplex or full-duplex. Additionally, other than transmitted onto the media in 100 Mb/s mode. To ensure CRS and Collision reporting, all remaining MII signaling that the desired operating mode is maintained, Auto-Negoremains the same regardless of the selected duplex mode. tiation should be disabled before selecting the Loopback It is important to understand that while Auto-Negotiation mode. with the use of Fast Link Pulse code words can interpret During 10BASE-T operation, in order to be standard comand configure to full-duplex operation, parallel detection pliant, the loopback mode loops MII transmit data to the MII can not recognize the difference between full and half- receive data, however, Link Pulses are not looped back. In duplex from a fixed 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s link partner over 100BASE-TX Loopback mode the data is routed through twisted pair. As specified in 802.3u, if a far-end link partner the PCS and PMA layers into the PMD sublayer before it is is transmitting forced full duplex 100BASE-TX for example, looped back. In addition to serving as a board diagnostic, the parallel detection state machine in the receiving station this mode serves as a functional verification of the device. would be unable to detect the full duplex capability of the far-end link partner and would negotiate to a half duplex 2.7 BIST 100BASE-TX configuration (same scenario for 10 Mb/s). The DsPHYTER incorporates an internal Built-in Self Test (BIST) circuit to accommodate in-circuit testing or diagnos2.5 MII Isolate Mode tics. The BIST circuit can be utilized to test the integrity of The DP83846A can be put into MII Isolate mode by writing the transmit and receive data paths. BIST testing can be to bit 10 of the BMCR register. In addition, the MII isolate performed with the part in the internal loopback mode or mode can be selected by strapping in Physical Address 0. externally looped back using a loopback cable fixture. It should be noted that selecting Physical Address 0 via an MDIO write to PHYCTRL will not put the device in the MII The BIST is implemented with independent transmit and receive paths, with the transmit block generating a continuisolate mode. ous stream of a pseudo random sequence. The user can When in the MII isolate mode, the DP83846A does not select a 9 bit or 15 bit pseudo random sequence from the respond to packet data present at TXD[3:0], TX_EN, and PSR_15 bit in the PHY Control Register (PHYCTRL). The TX_ER inputs and presents a high impedance on the looped back data is compared to the data generated by the TX_CLK, RX_CLK, RX_DV, RX_ER, RXD[3:0], COL, and BIST Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR, which generCRS outputs. The DP83846A will continue to respond to all ates a pseudo random sequence) to determine the BIST management transactions. pass/fail status. While in Isolate mode, the TD outputs will not transmit The pass/fail status of the BIST is stored in the BIST status packet data but will continue to source 100BASE-TX bit in the PHYCTRL register. The status bit defaults to 0 scrambled idles or 10BASE-T normal link pulses. (BIST fail) and will transition on a successful comparison. If an error (mis-compare) occurs, the status bit is latched and is cleared upon a subsequent write to the Start/Stop bit. 14 www.national.com DP83846A 2.6 Loopback 200 Mb/s per port when operating in 100BASE-TX mode. Because the CSMA/CD protocol does not apply to fullduplex operation, the DP83846A disables its own internal collision sensing and reporting functions and modifies the behavior of Carrier Sense (CRS) such that it indicates only receive activity. This allows a full-duplex capable MAC to operate properly. 3.1 802.3u MII mat is shown below in Table 4: Typical MDIO Frame Format. The DP83846A incorporates the Media Independent Interface (MII) as specified in Clause 22 of the IEEE 802.3u standard. This interface may be used to connect PHY devices to a MAC in 10/100 Mb/s systems. This section describes both the serial MII management interface as well as the nibble wide MII data interface. The MDIO pin requires a pull-up resistor (1.5 k) which, during IDLE and turnaround, will pull MDIO high. In order to initialize the MDIO interface, the station management entity sends a sequence of 32 contiguous logic ones on MDIO to provide the DP83846A with a sequence that can be used to establish synchronization. This preamble may be generThe serial management interface of the MII allows for the ated either by driving MDIO high for 32 consecutive MDC configuration and control of multiple PHY devices, gather- clock cycles, or by simply allowing the MDIO pull-up resising of status, error information, and the determination of the tor to pull the MDIO pin high during which time 32 MDC type and capabilities of the attached PHY(s). clock cycles are provided. In addition 32 MDC clock cycles The nibble wide MII data interface consists of a receive bus should be used to re-sync the device if an invalid start, and a transmit bus each with control signals to facilitate opcode, or turnaround bit is detected. data transfer between the PHY and the upper layer (MAC). The DP83846A waits until it has received this preamble sequence before responding to any other transaction. Once the DP83846A serial management port has been iniThe serial management MII specification defines a set of tialized no further preamble sequencing is required until thirty-two 16-bit status and control registers that are acces- after a power-on/reset, invalid Start, invalid Opcode, or sible through the management interface pins MDC and invalid turnaround bit has occurred. MDIO. The DP83846A implements all the required MII reg- The Start code is indicated by a <01> pattern. This assures isters as well as several optional registers. These registers the MDIO line transitions from the default idle line state. are fully described in Section 5. A description of the serial Turnaround is defined as an idle bit time inserted between management access protocol follows. the Register Address field and the Data field. To avoid contention during a read transaction, no device shall actively 3.1.2 Serial Management Access Protocol drive the MDIO signal during the first bit of Turnaround. The serial control interface consists of two pins, Manage- The addressed DP83846A drives the MDIO with a zero for ment Data Clock (MDC) and Management Data Input/Out- the second bit of turnaround and follows this with the put (MDIO). MDC has a maximum clock rate of 25 MHz required data. Figure 3 shows the timing relationship and no minimum rate. The MDIO line is bi-directional and between MDC and the MDIO as driven/received by the Stamay be shared by up to 32 devices. The MDIO frame for- tion (STA) and the DP83846A (PHY) for a typical register read access. ol e te 3.1.1 Serial Management Register Access Table 4. Typical MDIO Frame Format <idle><start><op code><device addr><reg addr><turnaround><data><idle> bs MII Management Serial Protocol Read Operation <idle><01><10><AAAAA><RRRRR><Z0><xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx><idle> Write Operation <idle><01><01><AAAAA><RRRRR><10><xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx><idle> O MDC MDIO Z Z (STA) Z MDIO Z (PHY) Z Idle 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Start Opcode (Read) PHY Address (PHYAD = 0Ch) Z Register Address (00h = BMCR) 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Register Data TA Z Idle Figure 3. Typical MDC/MDIO Read Operation For write transactions, the station management entity writes data to the addressed DP83846A thus eliminating the requirement for MDIO Turnaround. The Turnaround time is filled by the management entity by inserting <10>. Figure 4 shows the timing relationship for a typical MII register write access. 3.1.3 Serial Management Preamble Suppression The DP83846A supports a Preamble Suppression mode as indicated by a one in bit 6 of the Basic Mode Status Register (BMSR, address 01h.) If the station management entity (i.e. MAC or other management controller) determines that all PHYs in the system support Preamble Sup- 15 www.national.com DP83846A 3.0 Functional Description MDIO Z Z (STA) Z Idle 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Start Opcode (Write) PHY Address (PHYAD = 0Ch) Register Address (00h = BMCR) Register Data TA Z Idle Figure 4. Typical MDC/MDIO Write Operation bs ol e te pression by returning a one in this bit, then the station 3.1.6 Collision Detect management entity need not generate preamble for each For Half Duplex, a 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX collision is management transaction. detected when the receive and transmit channels are The DP83846A requires a single initialization sequence of active simultaneously. Collisions are reported by the COL 32 bits of preamble following hardware/software reset. This signal on the MII. requirement is generally met by the mandatory pull-up resistor on MDIO in conjunction with a continuous MDC, or If the DP83846A is transmitting in 10 Mb/s mode when a the management access made to determine whether Pre- collision is detected, the collision is not reported until seven bits have been received while in the collision state. This amble Suppression is supported. prevents a collision being reported incorrectly due to noise While the DP83846A requires an initial preamble sequence on the network. The COL signal remains set for the duraof 32 bits for management initialization, it does not require tion of the collision. a full 32-bit sequence between each subsequent transaction. A minimum of one idle bit between management If a collision occurs during a receive operation, it is immediately reported by the COL signal. transactions is required as specified in IEEE 802.3u. When heartbeat is enabled (only applicable to 10 Mb/s operation), approximately 1s after the transmission of 3.1.4 PHY Address Sensing each packet, a Signal Quality Error (SQE) signal of approxThe DP83846A provides five PHY address pins, the infor- imately 10 bit times is generated (internally) to indicate mation is latched into the PHYCTRL register (address 19h, successful transmission. SQE is reported as a pulse on the bits [4:0]) at device power-up/Hardware reset. COL signal of the MII. The DP83846A supports PHY Address strapping values 0 (<00000>) through 31 (<11111>). Strapping PHY Address 3.1.7 Carrier Sense 0 puts the part into Isolate Mode. It should also be noted that selecting PHY Address 0 via an MDIO write to PHYC- Carrier Sense (CRS) may be asserted due to receive activTRL will not put the device in Isolate Mode; Address 0 must ity, once valid data is detected via the squelch function during 10 Mb/s operation. During 100 Mb/s operation CRS is be strapped in. asserted when a valid link (SD) and two non-contiguous zeros are detected on the line. 3.1.5 Nibble-wide MII Data Interface O Clause 22 of the IEEE 802.3u specification defines the Media Independent Interface. This interface includes a dedicated receive bus and a dedicated transmit bus. These two data buses, along with various control and indicate signals, allow for the simultaneous exchange of data between the DP83846A and the upper layer agent (MAC). The receive interface consists of a nibble wide data bus RXD[3:0], a receive error signal RX_ER, a receive data valid flag RX_DV, and a receive clock RX_CLK for synchronous transfer of the data. The receive clock can operate at either 2.5 MHz to support 10 Mb/s operation modes or at 25 MHz to support 100 Mb/s operational modes. The transmit interface consists of a nibble wide data bus TXD[3:0], a transmit enable control signal TX_EN, and a transmit clock TX_CLK which runs at either 2.5 MHz or 25 MHz. Additionally, the MII includes the carrier sense signal CRS, as well as a collision detect signal COL. The CRS signal asserts to indicate the reception of data from the network or as a function of transmit data in Half Duplex mode. The COL signal asserts as an indication of a collision which can occur during half-duplex operation when both a transmit and receive operation occur simultaneously. For 10 or 100 Mb/s Half Duplex operation, CRS is asserted during either packet transmission or reception. For 10 or 100 Mb/s Full Duplex operation, CRS is asserted only due to receive activity. CRS is deasserted following an end of packet. 3.2 100BASE-TX TRANSMITTER The 100BASE-TX transmitter consists of several functional blocks which convert synchronous 4-bit nibble data, as provided by the MII, to a scrambled MLT-3 125 Mb/s serial data stream. Because the 100BASE-TX TP-PMD is integrated, the differential output pins, TD, can be directly routed to the magnetics. The block diagram in Figure 5 provides an overview of each functional block within the 100BASE-TX transmit section. The Transmitter section consists of the following functional blocks: -- -- -- -- 16 Code-group Encoder and Injection block (bypass option) Scrambler block (bypass option) NRZ to NRZI encoder block Binary to MLT-3 converter / Common Driver www.national.com DP83846A MDC TX_CLK DP83846A implements the 100BASE-TX transmit state machine diagram as specified in the IEEE 802.3u Standard, Clause 24. TXD[3:0] / tx_er DIV BY 5 FROM PGM 4B5B Code-group encoder & injector mux te BP_4B5B 5B parallel to serial ol e scrambler mux BP_SCR nrz to nrzi encoder 100BASE-TX Loopback O bs binary to mlt-3 / Common Driver TD Figure 5. 100BASE-TX Transmit Block Diagram 3.2.1 Code-group Encoding and Injection After the T/R code-group pair, the code-group encoder continuously injects IDLEs into the transmit data stream The code-group encoder converts 4-bit (4B) nibble data until the next transmit packet is detected (reassertion of generated by the MAC into 5-bit (5B) code-groups for Transmit Enable). transmission. This conversion is required to allow control data to be combined with packet data code-groups. Refer 3.2.2 Scrambler to Table 5: 4B5B Code-Group Encoding/Decoding for 4B to 5B code-group mapping details. The scrambler is required to control the radiated emissions The code-group encoder substitutes the first 8-bits of the at the media connector and on the twisted pair cable (for MAC preamble with a J/K code-group pair (11000 10001) 100BASE-TX applications). By scrambling the data, the upon transmission. The code-group encoder continues to total energy launched onto the cable is randomly distribreplace subsequent 4B preamble and data nibbles with uted over a wide frequency range. Without the scrambler, corresponding 5B code-groups. At the end of the transmit energy levels at the PMD and on the cable could peak packet, upon the deassertion of Transmit Enable signal beyond FCC limitations at frequencies related to repeating from the MAC, the code-group encoder injects the T/R 5B sequences (i.e., continuous transmission of IDLEs). code-group pair (01101 00111) indicating the end of frame. The scrambler is configured as a closed loop linear feedback shift register (LFSR) with an 11-bit polynomial. The output of the closed loop LFSR is X-ORd with the serial 17 www.national.com DP83846A The bypass option for the functional blocks within the 100BASE-TX transmitter provides flexibility for applications where data conversion is not always required. The 3.2.4 Binary to MLT-3 Convertor / Common Driver The Binary to MLT-3 conversion is accomplished by converting the serial binary data stream output from the NRZI encoder into two binary data streams with alternately phased logic one events. These two binary streams are then fed to the twisted pair output driver which converts the voltage to current and alternately drives either side of the transmit transformer primary winding, resulting in a minimal current (20 mA max) MLT-3 signal. Refer to Figure 6. 3.2.3 NRZ to NRZI Encoder After the transmit data stream has been serialized and scrambled, the data must be NRZI encoded in order to comply with the TP-PMD standard for 100BASE-TX transmission over Category-5 Unsheilded twisted pair cable. binary_in binary_plus Q D binary_minus Q te differential MLT-3 binary_plus binary_in COMMON DRIVER MLT-3 ol e binary_minus O bs Figure 6. Binary to MLT-3 conversion 18 www.national.com DP83846A NRZ data from the code-group encoder. The result is a scrambled data stream with sufficient randomization to decrease radiated emissions at certain frequencies by as much as 20 dB. The DP83846A uses the PHY_ID (pins PHYAD [4:0]) to set a unique seed value. DP83846A PCS 5B Code-group MII 4B Nibble Code 0 11110 0000 1 01001 0001 2 10100 0010 3 10101 0011 4 01010 0100 5 01011 0101 6 01110 0110 7 01111 0111 8 10010 1000 9 10011 1001 A 10110 1010 B 10111 C 11010 D 11011 E 11100 F 11101 te Table 5. 4B5B Code-Group Encoding/Decoding Name 00100 HALT code-group - Error code 11111 Inter-Packet IDLE - 0000 (Note 1) 11000 First Start of Packet - 0101 (Note 1) DATA CODES 1011 1100 1101 1110 ol e 1111 IDLE AND CONTROL CODES H I J K T Second Start of Packet - 0101 (Note 1) First End of Packet - 0000 (Note 1) 00111 Second End of Packet - 0000 (Note 1) bs R 10001 01101 V 00000 V 00001 V 00010 V 00011 V 00101 O INVALID CODES V 00110 V 01000 V 01100 V 10000 V 11001 Note 1: Control code-groups I, J, K, T and R in data fields will be mapped as invalid codes, together with RX_ER asserted. 19 www.national.com O bs ol e te -- ADC -- Input and BLW Compensation -- Signal Detect -- Digital Adaptive Equalization The 100BASE-TX transmit TP-PMD function within the -- MLT-3 to Binary Decoder DP83846A is capable of sourcing only MLT-3 encoded -- Clock Recovery Module data. Binary output from the TD outputs is not possible in -- NRZI to NRZ Decoder 100 Mb/s mode. -- Serial to Parallel -- DESCRAMBLER (bypass option) 3.3 100BASE-TX RECEIVER The 100BASE-TX receiver consists of several functional -- Code Group Alignment blocks which convert the scrambled MLT-3 125 Mb/s serial -- 4B/5B Decoder (bypass option) data stream to synchronous 4-bit nibble data that is pro- -- Link Integrity Monitor vided to the MII. Because the 100BASE-TX TP-PMD is integrated, the differential input pins, RD, can be directly -- Bad SSD Detection The bypass option for the functional blocks within the routed from the AC coupling magnetics. 100BASE-TX receiver provides flexibility for applications See Figure 8 for a block diagram of the 100BASE-TX where data conversion is not always required. receive function. This provides an overview of each functional block within the 100BASE-TX receive section. 3.3.1 Input and Base Line Wander Compensation The Receive section consists of the following functional Unlike the DP83223V Twister, the DP83846A requires no blocks: external attenuation circuitry at its receive inputs, RD. It accepts TP-PMD compliant waveforms directly, requiring only a 100 termination plus a simple 1:1 transformer. Figure 7. 100BASE-TX BLW Event The DP83846A is completely ANSI TP-PMD compliant and includes Base Line Wander (BLW) compensation. The BLW compensation block can successfully recover the TPPMD defined "killer" pattern and pass it to the digital adaptive equalization block. quency response of the AC coupling component(s) within the transmission system. If the low frequency content of the digital bit stream goes below the low frequency pole of the AC coupling transformers then the droop characteristics of the transformers will dominate resulting in potentially BLW can generally be defined as the change in the aver- serious BLW. age DC content, over time, of an AC coupled digital trans- The digital oscilloscope plot provided in Figure 7 illustrates mission over a given transmission medium. (i.e., copper the severity of the BLW event that can theoretically be genwire). erated during 100BASE-TX packet transmission. This BLW results from the interaction between the low fre- event consists of approximately 800 mV of DC offset for a quency components of a transmitted bit stream and the fre20 www.national.com DP83846A The 100BASE-TX MLT-3 signal sourced by the TD common driver output pins is slew rate controlled. This should be considered when selecting AC coupling magnetics to ensure TP-PMD Standard compliant transition times (3 ns < Tr < 5 ns). DP83846A RX_CLK RXD[3:0] / RX_ER /5 mux BP_4B5B 4b/5b Decoder te Serial to parallel Code group alignment BP_SCR ol e mux DEscrambler CLOCK nrzi to nrz decoder bs Clock Recovery Module LINK STATUS O MLT-3 to Binary decoder Digital adaptive Equalization AGC LINK Monitor Signal Detect InPUT BLW Compensation ADC rd Figure 8. Receive Block Diagram 21 www.national.com The CRM is implemented using an advanced all digital Phase Locked Loop (PLL) architecture that replaces sensitive analog circuitry. Using digital PLL circuitry allows the DP83846A to be manufactured and specified to tighter tolerances. The signal detect function of the DP83846A is incorporated to meet the specifications mandated by the ANSI FDDI TPPMD Standard as well as the IEEE 802.3 100BASE-TX Standard for both voltage thresholds and timing parameters. Note that the reception of normal 10BASE-T link pulses and fast link pulses per IEEE 802.3u Auto-Negotiation by the 100BASE-TX receiver do not cause the DP83846A to assert signal detect. 3.3.5 NRZI to NRZ In a typical application, the NRZI to NRZ required in order to present NRZ formatted descrambler (or to the code-group alignment descrambler is bypassed, or directly to the receiver is bypassed). 3.3.3 Digital Adaptive Equalization The 100BASE-TX receiver includes a Serial to Parallel converter which supplies 5-bit wide data symbols to the PCS Rx state machine. 3.3.7 Descrambler A serial descrambler is used to de-scramble the received NRZ data. The descrambler has to generate an identical data scrambling sequence (N) in order to recover the original unscrambled data (UD) from the scrambled data (SD) as represented in the equations: ol e In order to ensure quality transmission when employing MLT-3 encoding, the compensation must be able to adapt to various cable lengths and cable types depending on the installed environment. The selection of long cable lengths for a given implementation, requires significant compensation which will over-compensate for shorter, less attenuating lengths. Conversely, the selection of short or intermediate cable lengths requiring less compensation will cause serious under-compensation for longer length cables. The compensation or equalization must be adaptive to ensure proper conditioning of the received signal independent of the cable length. 3.3.6 Serial to Parallel te When transmitting data at high speeds over copper twisted pair cable, frequency dependent attenuation becomes a concern. In high-speed twisted pair signalling, the frequency content of the transmitted signal can vary greatly during normal operation based primarily on the randomness of the scrambled data stream. This variation in signal attenuation caused by frequency variations must be compensated for to ensure the integrity of the transmission. decoder is data to the block, if the PCS, if the SD = ( UD N ) UD = ( SD N ) O bs Synchronization of the descrambler to the original scrambling sequence (N) is achieved based on the knowledge that the incoming scrambled data stream consists of scrambled IDLE data. After the descrambler has recogThe DP83846A utilizes a extremely robust equalization nized 12 consecutive IDLE code-groups, where an scheme referred as `Digital Adaptive Equalization'. Tradi- unscrambled IDLE code-group in 5B NRZ is equal to five tional designs use a pseudo adaptive equalization scheme consecutive ones (11111), it will synchronize to the receive that determines the approximate cable length by monitor- data stream and generate unscrambled data in the form of ing signal attenuation at certain frequencies. This attenua- unaligned 5B code-groups. tion value was compared to the internal receive input In order to maintain synchronization, the descrambler must reference voltage. This comparison would indicate the continuously monitor the validity of the unscrambled data amount of equalization to use. Although this scheme is that it generates. To ensure this, a line state monitor and a used successfully on the DP83223V twister, it is sensitive hold timer are used to constantly monitor the synchronizato transformer mismatch, resistor variation and process tion status. Upon synchronization of the descrambler the induced offset. The DP83223V also required an external hold timer starts a 722 s countdown. Upon detection of attenuation network to help match the incoming signal sufficient IDLE code-groups (58 bit times) within the 722 s amplitude to the internal reference. period, the hold timer will reset and begin a new countThe Digital Equalizer removes ISI (inter symbol interfer- down. This monitoring operation will continue indefinitely ence) from the receive data stream by continuously adapt- given a properly operating network connection with good ing to provide a filter with the inverse frequency response signal integrity. If the line state monitor does not recognize of the channel. When used in conjunction with a gain sufficient unscrambled IDLE code-groups within the 722 s stage, this enables the receive 'eye pattern' to be opened period, the entire descrambler will be forced out of the cursufficiently to allow very reliable data recovery. rent state of synchronization and reset in order to reTraditionally 'adaptive' equalizers selected 1 of N filters in acquire synchronization. an attempt to match the cables characteristics. This approach will typically leave holes at certain cable lengths, 3.3.8 Code-group Alignment where the performance of the equalizer is not optimized. The code-group alignment module operates on unaligned The DP83846A equalizer is truly adaptive to any length of 5-bit data from the descrambler (or, if the descrambler is bypassed, directly from the NRZI/NRZ decoder) and concable up to 150m. verts it into 5B code-group data (5 bits). Code-group alignment occurs after the J/K code-group pair is detected. 3.3.4 Clock Recovery Module Once the J/K code-group pair (11000 10001) is detected, The Clock Recovery Module (CRM) accepts 125 Mb/s subsequent data is aligned on a fixed boundary. MLT3 data from the equalizer. The DPLL locks onto the 22 www.national.com DP83846A period of 120 s. Left uncompensated, events such as this 125 Mb/s data stream and extracts a 125 MHz recovered can cause packet loss. clock. The extracted and synchronized clock and data are used as required by the synchronous receive operations as 3.3.2 Signal Detect generally depicted in Figure 8. 3.4.2 Collision Detection and SQE The code-group decoder functions as a look up table that translates incoming 5B code-groups into 4B nibbles. The code-group decoder first detects the J/K code-group pair preceded by IDLE code-groups and replaces the J/K with MAC preamble. Specifically, the J/K 10-bit code-group pair is replaced by the nibble pair (0101 0101). All subsequent 5B code-groups are converted to the corresponding 4B nibbles for the duration of the entire packet. This conversion ceases upon the detection of the T/R code-group pair denoting the End of Stream Delimiter (ESD) or with the reception of a minimum of two IDLE code-groups. When in Half Duplex, a 10BASE-T collision is detected when the receive and transmit channels are active simultaneously. Collisions are reported by the COL signal on the MII. Collisions are also reported when a jabber condition is detected. The COL signal remains set for the duration of the collision. If the ENDEC is receiving when a collision is detected it is reported immediately (through the COL pin). When heartbeat is enabled, approximately 1 s after the transmission of each packet, a Signal Quality Error (SQE) signal of approximately 10-bit times is generated to indicate successful transmission. SQE is reported as a pulse on the COL signal of the MII. 3.3.10 100BASE-TX Link Integrity Monitor ol e te The 100 Base TX Link monitor ensures that a valid and stable link is established before enabling both the Transmit The SQE test is inhibited when the PHY is set in full duplex mode. SQE can also be inhibited by setting the and Receive PCS layer. HEARTBEAT_DIS bit in the 10BTSCR register. Signal detect must be valid for 395us to allow the link monitor to enter the 'Link Up' state, and enable the transmit and 3.4.3 Carrier Sense receive functions. Carrier Sense (CRS) may be asserted due to receive activity once valid data is detected via the squelch function. 3.3.11 Bad SSD Detection A Bad Start of Stream Delimiter (Bad SSD) is any transition For 10 Mb/s Half Duplex operation, CRS is asserted during from consecutive idle code-groups to non-idle code-groups either packet transmission or reception. which is not prefixed by the code-group pair /J/K. For 10 Mb/s Full Duplex operation, CRS is asserted only If this condition is detected, the DP83846A will assert during receive activity. RX_ER and present RXD[3:0] = 1110 to the MII for the CRS is deasserted following an end of packet. cycles that correspond to received 5B code-groups until at least two IDLE code groups are detected. In addition, the 3.4.4 Normal Link Pulse Detection/Generation False Carrier Sense Counter register (FCSCR) will be The link pulse generator produces pulses as defined in the incremented by one. IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T standard. Each link pulse is nomiOnce at least two IDLE code groups are detected, RX_ER nally 100 ns in duration and transmitted every 16 ms in the and CRS become de-asserted. absence of transmit data. Link pulses are used to check the integrity of the connection with the remote end. If valid link pulses are not The 10BASE-T Transceiver Module is IEEE 802.3 compli- received, the link detector disables the 10BASE-T twisted ant. It includes the receiver, transmitter, collision, heart- pair transmitter, receiver and collision detection functions. beat, loopback, jabber, and link integrity functions, as When the link integrity function is disabled defined in the standard. An external filter is not required on (FORCE_LINK_10 of the 10BTSCR register), good link is the 10BASE-T interface since this is integrated inside the forced and the 10BASE-T transceiver will operate regardDP83846A. This section focuses on the general 10BASE-T less of the presence of link pulses. system level operation. bs 3.4 10BASE-T TRANSCEIVER MODULE 3.4.1 Operational Modes 3.4.5 Jabber Function O The jabber function monitors the DP83846A's output and The DP83846A has two basic 10BASE-T operational disables the transmitter if it attempts to transmit a packet of modes: longer than legal size. A jabber timer monitors the transmit-- Half Duplex mode ter and disables the transmission if the transmitter is active beyond the Jab time (20-150 ms). -- Full Duplex mode Once disabled by the Jabber function, the transmitter stays disabled for the entire time that the ENDEC module's interIn Half Duplex mode the DP83846A functions as a stan- nal transmit enable is asserted. This signal has to be dedard IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T transceiver supporting the asserted for approximately 250-750 ms (the "unjab" time) before the Jabber function re-enables the transmit outputs. CSMA/CD protocol. Half Duplex Mode The Jabber function is only relevant in 10BASE-T mode. Full Duplex Mode 3.4.6 Automatic Link Polarity Detection and Correction In Full Duplex mode the DP83846A is capable of simultaneously transmitting and receiving without asserting the The DP83846A's 10BASE-T transceiver module incorpocollision signal. The DP83846A's 10 Mb/s ENDEC is rates an automatic link polarity detection circuit. When seven consecutive inverted link pulses are received, designed to encode and decode simultaneously. inverted polarity is reported. 23 www.national.com DP83846A 3.3.9 4B/5B Decoder valid on the rising edge of Transmit Clock (TX_CLK). Transmission ends when TX_EN deasserts. The last transition is always positive; it occurs at the center of the bit cell The inverse polarity condition is latched in the 10BTSCR if the last bit is a one, or at the end of the bit cell if the last register. The DP83846A's 10BASE-T transceiver module bit is a zero. corrects for this error internally and will continue to decode received data correctly. This eliminates the need to correct 3.4.9 Receiver the wiring error immediately. The decoder consists of a differential receiver and a PLL to The user is cautioned that if Auto Polarity Detection and separate a Manchester encoded data stream into internal Correction is disabled and inverted Polarity is detected but clock signals and data. The differential input must be externot corrected, the DsPHYTER may falsely report Good nally terminated with a differential 100 termination netLink status and allow Transmission and Reception of work to accommodate UTP cable. The impedance of RD inverted data. It is recommended that Auto Polarity Detec- (typically 1.1K) is in parallel with the two 54.9 resistors tion and Correction not be disabled during normal opera- as is shown in Figure 9 below to approximate the 100 termination. tion. The decoder detects the end of a frame when no additional mid-bit transitions are detected. Within one and a half bit times after the last bit, carrier sense is de-asserted. 3.4.7 Transmit and Receive Filtering ol e te External 10BASE-T filters are not required when using the DP83846A, as the required signal conditioning is inte3.5 TPI Network Circuit grated into the device. Only isolation/step-up transformers and impedance match- Figure 9 shows the recommended circuit for a 10/100 Mb/s ing resistors are required for the 10BASE-T transmit and twisted pair interface. Below is a partial list of recomreceive interface. The internal transmit filtering ensures mended transformers. Is is important that the user realize that all the harmonics in the transmit signal are attenuated that variations with PCB and component characteristics requires that the application be tested to ensure that the by at least 30 dB. circuit meets the requirements of the intended application. 3.4.8 Transmitter Pulse H1012B, PE-68515L Halo TG22-S052ND The encoder begins operation when the Transmit Enable Valor PT4171 input (TX_EN) goes high and converts NRZ data to preBELFUSE S558-5999-K2 emphasized Manchester data for the transceiver. For the BELFUSE S558-5999-46 duration of TX_EN, the serialized Transmit Data (TXD) is encoded for the transmit-driver pair (TD). TXD must be bs Common Mode Chokes may be required. 1:1 RD- RD+ RD- 0.1F* RD+ Vdd O TD- TD+ TDTD+ 0.1F* RJ45 1:1 54.9 54.9 49.9 49.9 T1 * Place capacitors close to the transformer center taps 0.1F Figure 9. 10/100 Mb/s Twisted Pair Interface 24 www.national.com DP83846A A polarity reversal can be caused by a wiring error at either end of the cable, usually at the Main Distribution Frame (MDF) or patch panel in the wiring closet. For applications where high reliability is required, it is recommended that additional ESD protection diodes be added as shown below. There are numerous dual series connected diode pairs that are available specifically for ESD protection. The level of protection will vary dependent upon the diode ratings. The primary parameter that affects the level of ESD protection is peak forward surge current. Typical specifications for diodes intended for ESD protection range from 500mA (Motorola BAV99LT1 single pair diodes) to 12A (STM DA108S1 Quad pair array). The user should also select diodes with low input capacitance to minimize the effect on system performance. Typically, ESD precautions are predominantly in effect when handling the devices or board before being installed in a system. In those cases, strict handling procedures can be implemented during the manufacturing process to greatly reduce the occurrences of catastrophic ESD events. After the system is assembled, internal components are usually relatively immune from ESD events. In the case of an installed Ethernet system however, the network interface pins are still susceptible to external ESD events. For example, a category 5 cable being dragged across a carpet has the potential of developing a charge Since performance is dependent upon components used, well above the typical ESD rating of a semiconductor board impedance characteristics, and layout, the circuit device. should be completely tested to ensure performance to the required levels. DP83846A 10/100 3.3V Vcc te Vcc RJ-45 Pin 1 ol e TX Vcc bs Diodes placed on the device side of the isolation transformer Pin 2 Pin 3 O RX Pin 6 Figure 10. Typical DP83846A Network Interface with additional ESD protection 25 www.national.com DP83846A 3.6 ESD Protection As a starting point for evaluating an oscillator circuit, if the requirements for the crystal are not known, CL1 and CL2 should be set at 22 pF, and R1 should be set at 0. The DsPHYTER supports an external CMOS level oscillator source or a crystal resonator device. If an external clock source is used, X1 should be tied to the clock source and X2 should be left floating. In either case, the clock source must be a 25 MHz 0.005% (50 PPM) CMOS oscillator, or a 25 MHz (50 PPM), parallel, 20 pF load crystal resonator. Figure 11 below shows a typical connection for a crystal resonator circuit. The load capacitor values will vary with the crystal vendors; check with the vendor for the recommended loads. X1 X2 R1 The oscillator circuit was designed to drive a parallel resonance AT cut crystal with a maximum drive level of 500W. If a crystal is specified for a lower drive level, a current limiting resistor should be placed in series between X2 and the crystal. CL1 CL2 Figure 11. Crystal Oscillator Circuit 4.0 Reset Operation 4.2 Software Reset A software reset is accomplished by setting the reset bit (bit 15) of the Basic Mode Control Register (BMCR). The period from the point in time when the reset bit is set to the point in time when software reset has concluded is approximately 160 s. ol e While either the hardware or software reset can be implemented at any time after device initialization, a hardware reset, as described in Section 4.1 must be provided upon device power-up/initialization. Omitting the hardware reset operation during the device power-up/initialization sequence can result in improper device operation. device such that all registers will be reset to default values and the hardware configuration values will be re-latched into the device (similar to the power-up/reset operation). te The DP83846A can be reset either by hardware or software. A hardware reset may be accomplished by asserting the RESET pin after powering up the device (this is required) or during normal operation when a reset is needed. A software reset is accomplished by setting the reset bit in the Basic Mode Control Register. O bs The software reset will reset the device such that all registers will be reset to default values and the hardware configuration values will be re-latched into the device (similar to 4.1 Hardware Reset the power-up/reset operation). Software driver code should A hardware reset is accomplished by applying a low pulse wait 500 s following a software reset before allowing fur(TTL level), with a duration of at least 160 s, to the ther serial MII operations with the DP83846A. RESET pin during normal operation. This will reset the 26 www.national.com DP83846A 3.7 Crystal Oscillator Circuit DP83846A 5.0 Register Block Table 6. Register Map Offset Hex Decimal Access Tag Description 00h 0 RW BMCR Basic Mode Control Register 01h 1 RO BMSR Basic Mode Status Register 02h 2 RO PHYIDR1 PHY Identifier Register #1 03h 3 RO PHYIDR2 PHY Identifier Register #2 04h 4 RW ANAR Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register 05h 5 RW ANLPAR Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register (Base Page) 05h 5 RW ANLPARNP Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register (Next Page) 06h 6 RW ANER Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register RW 7 8-15 10h 16 11h-13h 17-19 14h 20 ANNPTR Auto-Negotiation Next Page TX RESERVED RESERVED te 07h 08h-Fh Extended Registers 21 16h 22 17h 23 18h 24 19h 25 1Ah 26 27 28 PHY Status Register RESERVED RESERVED RW FCSCR False Carrier Sense Counter Register RW RECR Receive Error Counter Register RW PCSR PCS Sub-Layer Configuration and Status Register RW RESERVED RESERVED RW RESERVED RESERVED RW PHYCTRL PHY Control Register RW 10BTSCR 10Base-T Status/Control Register RW CDCTRL CD Test Control Register RW RESERVED RESERVED O bs 1Bh 1Ch-1Fh PHYSTS ol e 15h RO 27 www.national.com Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 00h Addr BMCR Tag Reset Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Loopback Speed Select Auto-Neg Enable Power down Isolate Restart Auto-Neg Duplex Collision Test Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Basic Mode Status Register 01h BMSR 100BaseT4 100BaseTX FDX 100BaseTX HDX 10BaseT FDXx 10BaseT HDX Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved MF Preamble Suppress Auto-Neg Complete Remote Fault Auto-Neg Ability Link Status Jabber Detect Extended Capability PHY Identifier Register 1 02h PHYIDR1 OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB OUI MSB PHY Identifier Register 2 03h PHYIDR2 OUI LSB OUI LSB OUI LSB OUI LSB OUI LSB OUI LSB VNDR_ MDL VNDR_ MDL VNDR_ MDL VNDR_ MDL VNDR_ MDL VNDR_ MDL MDL_ REV MDL_ REV MDL_ REV MDL_ REV Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register 04h ANAR Next Page Ind Reserved Remote Fault Reserved Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register (Base Page) 05h ANLPAR Next Page Ind ACK Remote Fault Reserved Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register Next Page 05h ANLPARNP Next Page Ind ACK Message Page ACK2 Reserved PAUSE T4 TX_FD TX 10_FD 10 Protocol Selection Protocol Selection Protocol Selection Protocol Selection Protocol Selection Reserved Reserved T4 TX_FD TX 10_FD 10 Protocol Selection Protocol Selection Protocol Selection Protocol Selection Protocol Selection Toggle Code Code Code Code Code Code Code Code Code Code Code bs ol e Register Name te Bit 9 Basic Mode Control Register Auto-Negotiation Expansion Register 06h ANER Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved PDF LP_NP_ ABLE NP_ ABLE PAGE_ RX LP_AN_ ABLE Auto-Negotiation Next Page TX Register 07h ANNPTR Next Page Ind Reserved Message Page ACK2 TOG_TX CODE CODE CODE CODE CODE CODE CODE CODE CODE CODE CODE RESERVED 08-0fh Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 10h PHYSTS Reserved Reserved Rx Err Latch Polarity Status False Carrier Sense Signal Detect Descram Lock Page Receive Reserved Remote Fault Jabber Detect Auto-Neg Complete Loopback Status Duplex Status Speed Status Link Status EXTENDED REGISTERS RESERVED 11-13h Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved False Carrier Sense Counter Register 14h FCSCR Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved FCSCNT FCSCNT FCSCNT FCSCNT FCSCNT FCSCNT FCSCNT FCSCNT Receive Error Counter Register 15h RECR Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved RXERCNT RXERCNT RXERCNT RXERCNT RXERCNT RXERCNT RXERCNT RXERCNT PCS Sub-Layer Configuration and Status Register 16h PCSR Reserved Reserved Reserved BYP_ 4B5B FREE_ CLK TQ_EN SD_FOR CE_PMA SD_ OPTION Unused Reserved FORCE_ 100_OK Reserved Reserved NRZI_ BYPASS SCRAM_ BYPASS DE SCRAM_ BYPASS RESERVED 17-18h Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 19h PHYCTRL Unused Unused Unused Unused PSR_15 BIST_ STATUS BIST_ START BP_ STRETC H PAUSE_ STS LED_ CNFG LED_ CNFG PHY ADDR PHY ADDR PHY ADDR PHY ADDR PHY ADDR 1Ah 10BTSCR Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Unused Loopback _10_dis LP_DIS Force_ Link_10 Force_ Pol_Cor Polarity Autopol _Dis Reserved Hrtbeat _Dis Jabber _Dis CD Test Control Register 1Bh CDCTRL CD_Enabl e DCD_ Comp FIL_TTL riseTime[1] riseTime[0] fallTime[1] fallTime[0] cdTestEn Reserved Reserved Reserved cdPattEn_ 10 cdPatEn_ 100 10meg_ patt_gap cdPattSel[1] cdPattSel[0] RESERVED 1C-1Fh Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved PHY Control Register www.national.com O 10Base-T Status/Control Register DP83846A 28 PHY Status Register DP83846A 5.1 Register Definition In the register definitions under the `Default' heading, the following definitions hold true: -- RW=Read Write access SC=Register sets on event occurrence and Self-Clears when event ends RW/SC =Read Write access/Self Clearing bit RO=Read Only access COR = Clear on Read RO/COR=Read Only, Clear on Read RO/P=Read Only, Permanently set to a default value LL=Latched Low and held until read, based upon the occurrence of the corresponding event LH=Latched High and held until read, based upon the occurrence of the corresponding event O bs ol e te -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 29 www.national.com DP83846A Table 7. Basic Mode Control Register (BMCR), Address 0x00 Bit Bit Name 15 Reset Default Description 0, RW/SC Reset: 1 = Initiate software Reset / Reset in Process. 0 = Normal operation. This bit, which is self-clearing, returns a value of one until the reset process is complete. The configuration is re-strapped. 14 Loopback 0, RW Loopback: 1 = Loopback enabled. 0 = Normal operation. The loopback function enables MII transmit data to be routed to the MII receive data path. Setting this bit may cause the descrambler to lose synchronization and produce a 500 s "dead time" before any valid data will appear at the MII receive outputs. 13 Speed Selection Strap, RW Speed Select: 1 = 100 Mb/s. 0 = 10 Mb/s. Auto-Negotiation Strap, RW Auto-Negotiation Enable: Enable Strap controls initial value at reset. ol e 12 te When auto-negotiation is disabled writing to this bit allows the port speed to be selected. 1 = Auto-Negotiation Enabled - bits 8 and 13 of this register are ignored when this bit is set. 0 = Auto-Negotiation Disabled - bits 8 and 13 determine the port speed and duplex mode. 11 Power Down 0, RW Power Down: 1 = Power down. 0 = Normal operation. 10 bs Setting this bit powers down the PHY. Only the register block is enabled during a power down condition. Isolate 0, RW Isolate: 1 = Isolates the Port from the MII with the exception of the serial management. 0 = Normal operation. Restart AutoNegotiation 0, RW/SC Restart Auto-Negotiation: O 9 8 Duplex Mode 1 = Restart Auto-Negotiation. Re-initiates the Auto-Negotiation process. If AutoNegotiation is disabled (bit 12 = 0), this bit is ignored. This bit is self-clearing and will return a value of 1 until Auto-Negotiation is initiated, whereupon it will selfclear. Operation of the Auto-Negotiation process is not affected by the management entity clearing this bit. 0 = Normal operation. Strap, RW Duplex Mode: When auto-negotiation is disabled writing to this bit allows the port Duplex capability to be selected. 1 = Full Duplex operation. 0 = Half Duplex operation. 7 Collision Test 0, RW Collision Test: 1 = Collision test enabled. 0 = Normal operation. When set, this bit will cause the COL signal to be asserted in response to the assertion of TX_EN within 512-bit times. The COL signal will be de-asserted within 4-bit times in response to the de-assertion of TX_EN. 6:0 RESERVED 0, RO RESERVED: Write ignored, read as 0. 30 www.national.com DP83846A Table 8. Basic Mode Status Register (BMSR), address 0x01 Bit Bit Name Default 15 100BASE-T4 0, RO/P Description 100BASE-T4 Capable: 0 = Device not able to perform 100BASE-T4 mode. 14 100BASE-TX 1, RO/P Full Duplex 13 1 = Device able to perform 100BASE-TX in full duplex mode. 100BASE-TX 1, RO/P Half Duplex 12 100BASE-TX Half Duplex Capable: 1 = Device able to perform 100BASE-TX in half duplex mode. 10BASE-T 1, RO/P 10BASE-T Full Duplex Capable: 1, RO/P 10BASE-T Half Duplex Capable: Full Duplex 11 100BASE-TX Full Duplex Capable: 1 = Device able to perform 10BASE-T in full duplex mode. 10BASE-T Half Duplex 1 = Device able to perform 10BASE-T in half duplex mode. 10:7 RESERVED 0, RO RESERVED: Write as 0, read as 0. 6 MF Preamble 1, RO/P Preamble suppression Capable: 1 = Device able to perform management transaction with preamble suppressed, 32-bits of preamble needed only once after reset, invalid opcode or invalid turnaround. te Suppression 0 = Normal management operation. Auto-Negotiation Complete 0, RO Auto-Negotiation Complete: 1 = Auto-Negotiation process complete. ol e 5 0 = Auto-Negotiation process not complete. 4 Remote Fault 0, RO/LH Remote Fault: 1 = Remote Fault condition detected (cleared on read or by reset). Fault criteria: Far End Fault Indication or notification from Link Partner of Remote Fault. 0 = No remote fault condition detected. 3 Auto-Negotiation Ability 1, RO/P Auto Negotiation Ability: 1 = Device is able to perform Auto-Negotiation. 2 bs 0 = Device is not able to perform Auto-Negotiation. Link Status 0, RO/LL Link Status: 1 = Valid link established (for either 10 or 100 Mb/s operation). O 0 = Link not established. 1 0 Jabber Detect Extended Capability The criteria for link validity is implementation specific. The occurrence of a link failure condition will causes the Link Status bit to clear. Once cleared, this bit may only be set by establishing a good link condition and a read via the management interface. 0, RO/LH Jabber Detect: This bit only has meaning in 10 Mb/s mode. 1 = Jabber condition detected. 0 = No Jabber. This bit is implemented with a latching function, such that the occurrence of a jabber condition causes it to set until it is cleared by a read to this register by the management interface or by a reset. 1, RO/P Extended Capability: 1 = Extended register capabilities. 0 = Basic register set capabilities only. 31 www.national.com Table 9. PHY Identifier Register #1 (PHYIDR1), address 0x02 Bit Bit Name 15:0 OUI_MSB Bit Bit Name 15:10 OUI_LSB Default Description <0010 0000 0000 OUI Most Significant Bits: Bits 3 to 18 of the OUI (080017h) are 0000>, RO/P stored in bits 15 to 0 of this register. The most significant two bits of the OUI are ignored (the IEEE standard refers to these as bits 1 and 2). Table 10. PHY Identifier Register #2 (PHYIDR2), address 0x03 Default Description <01 0111>, RO/P OUI Least Significant Bits: 9:4 VNDR_MDL te Bits 19 to 24 of the OUI (080017h) are mapped to bits 15 to 10 of this register respectively. <00 0010>, RO/P Vendor Model Number: The six bits of vendor model number are mapped to bits 9 to 4 (most significant bit to bit 9). 3:0 MDL_REV <0011>, RO/P Model Revision Number: O bs ol e Four bits of the vendor model revision number are mapped to bits 3 to 0 (most significant bit to bit 3). This field will be incremented for all major device changes. 32 www.national.com DP83846A The PHY Identifier Registers #1 and #2 together form a unique identifier for the DP83846A. The Identifier consists of a concatenation of the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI), the vendor's model number and the model revision number. A PHY may return a value of zero in each of the 32 bits of the PHY Identifier if desired. The PHY Identifier is intended to support network management. National's IEEE assigned OUI is 080017h. Table 11. Auto-Negotiation Advertisement Register (ANAR), address 0x04 Bit Bit Name Default 15 NP 0, RW Description Next Page Indication: 0 = Next Page Transfer not desired. 1 = Next Page Transfer desired. 14 RESERVED 0, RO/P 13 RF 0, RW RESERVED by IEEE: Writes ignored, Read as 0. Remote Fault: 1 = Advertises that this device has detected a Remote Fault. 0 = No Remote Fault detected. 12:11 RESERVED 0, RW 10 PAUSE Strap, RW RESERVED for Future IEEE use: Write as 0, Read as 0 PAUSE: The default is set by the strap option for PAUSE_EN pin. te 1 = Advertise that the DTE (MAC) has implemented both the optional MAC control sublayer and the pause function as specified in clause 31 and annex 31B of 802.3u. 0= No MAC based full duplex flow control. 9 T4 0, RO/P 100BASE-T4 Support: 1= 100BASE-T4 is supported by the local device. 8 TX_FD ol e 0 = 100BASE-T4 not supported. Strap, RW 100BASE-TX Full Duplex Support: 1 = 100BASE-TX Full Duplex is supported by the local device. 0 = 100BASE-TX Full Duplex not supported. 7 TX Strap, RW 100BASE-TX Support: 1 = 100BASE-TX is supported by the local device. 0 = 100BASE-TX not supported. 6 10_FD Strap, RW 10BASE-T Full Duplex Support: bs 1 = 10BASE-T Full Duplex is supported by the local device. 0 = 10BASE-T Full Duplex not supported. 5 10 Strap, RW 10BASE-T Support: 1 = 10BASE-T is supported by the local device. 0 = 10BASE-T not supported. Selector O 4:0 <00001>, RW Protocol Selection Bits: These bits contain the binary encoded protocol selector supported by this port. <00001> indicates that this device supports IEEE 802.3u. 33 www.national.com DP83846A This register contains the advertised abilities of this device as they will be transmitted to its link partner during Auto-Negotiation. Table 12. Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register (ANLPAR) (BASE Page), address 0x05 Bit Bit Name Default 15 NP 0, RO Description Next Page Indication: 0 = Link Partner does not desire Next Page Transfer. 1 = Link Partner desires Next Page Transfer. 14 ACK 0, RO Acknowledge: 1 = Link Partner acknowledges reception of the ability data word. 0 = Not acknowledged. The Device's Auto-Negotiation state machine will automatically control the this bit based on the incoming FLP bursts. 13 RF 0, RO Remote Fault: 1 = Remote Fault indicated by Link Partner. 12:10 RESERVED 0, RO te 0 = No Remote Fault indicated by Link Partner. RESERVED for Future IEEE use: Write as 0, read as 0. 9 T4 0, RO 100BASE-T4 Support: 1 = 100BASE-T4 is supported by the Link Partner. 8 TX_FD ol e 0 = 100BASE-T4 not supported by the Link Partner. 0, RO 100BASE-TX Full Duplex Support: 1 = 100BASE-TX Full Duplex is supported by the Link Partner. 0 = 100BASE-TX Full Duplex not supported by the Link Partner. 7 TX 0, RO 100BASE-TX Support: 1 = 100BASE-TX is supported by the Link Partner. 0 = 100BASE-TX not supported by the Link Partner. 6 10_FD 0, RO 10BASE-T Full Duplex Support: bs 1 = 10BASE-T Full Duplex is supported by the Link Partner. 0 = 10BASE-T Full Duplex not supported by the Link Partner. 5 10 0, RO 10BASE-T Support: 1 = 10BASE-T is supported by the Link Partner. 0 = 10BASE-T not supported by the Link Partner. Selector O 4:0 <0 0000>, RO Protocol Selection Bits: Link Partner's binary encoded protocol selector. 34 www.national.com DP83846A This register contains the advertised abilities of the Link Partner as received during Auto-Negotiation. The content changes after the successful auto negotiation if Next-pages are supported. Bit Bit Name Default 15 NP 0, RO Description Next Page Indication: 1 = Link Partner desires Next Page Transfer. 0 = Link Partner does not desire Next Page Transfer. 14 ACK 0, RO Acknowledge: 1 = Link Partner acknowledges reception of the ability data word. 0 = Not acknowledged. The Device's Auto-Negotiation state machine will automatically control the this bit based on the incoming FLP bursts. Software should not attempt to write to this bit. 13 MP 0, RO Message Page: 1 = Message Page. 0 = Unformatted Page. ACK2 0, RO Acknowledge 2: te 12 1 = Link Partner does have the ability to comply to next page message. 0 = Link Partner does not have the ability to comply to next page message. 11 Toggle 0, RO Toggle: ol e 1 = Previous value of the transmitted Link Code word equalled 0. 0 = Previous value of the transmitted Link Code word equalled 1. 10:0 CODE <000 0000 0000>, Code: RO This field represents the code field of the next page transmission. If the MP bit is set (bit 13 of this register), then the code shall be interpreted as a "Message Page", as defined in annex 28C of Clause 28. Otherwise, the code shall be interpreted as an "Unformatted Page", and the interpretation is application specific. bs This register contains additional Local Device and Link Partner status information. Table 14. Auto-Negotiate Expansion Register (ANER), address 0x06 Bit Bit Name Default 15:5 RESERVED 0, RO 4 PDF 0, RO/LH/COR Description RESERVED: Writes ignored, Read as 0. Parallel Detection Fault: O 1 = A fault has been detected via the Parallel Detection function. 3 LP_NP_ABLE 0 = A fault has not been detected. 0, RO Link Partner Next Page Able: 1 = Link Partner does support Next Page. 0 = Link Partner does not support Next Page. 2 NP_ABLE 1, RO/P 1 PAGE_RX 0, RO/LH/COR Next Page Able: 1 = Indicates local device is able to send additional "Next Pages". Link Code Word Page Received: 1 = Link Code Word has been received, cleared on a read. 0 = Link Code Word has not been received. 0 LP_AN_ABLE 0, RO Link Partner Auto-Negotiation Able: 1 = indicates that the Link Partner supports Auto-Negotiation. 0 = indicates that the Link Partner does not support Auto-Negotiation. 35 www.national.com DP83846A Table 13. Auto-Negotiation Link Partner Ability Register (ANLPAR) Next Page, address 0x05 Table 15. Auto-Negotiation Next Page Transmit Register (ANNPTR), address 0x07 Bit Bit Name Default 15 NP 0, RW Description Next Page Indication: 0 = No other Next Page Transfer desired. 1 = Another Next Page desired. 14 RESERVED 0, RO RESERVED: Writes ignored, read as 0. 13 MP 1, RW Message Page: 1 = Message Page. 0 = Unformatted Page. 12 ACK2 0, RW Acknowledge2: 1 = Will comply with message. 0 = Cannot comply with message. 11 TOG_TX 0, RO te Acknowledge2 is used by the next page function to indicate that Local Device has the ability to comply with the message received. Toggle: 1 = Value of toggle bit in previously transmitted Link Code Word was 0. ol e 0 = Value of toggle bit in previously transmitted Link Code Word was 1. Toggle is used by the Arbitration function within Auto-Negotiation to ensure synchronization with the Link Partner during Next Page exchange. This bit shall always take the opposite value of the Toggle bit in the previously exchanged Link Code Word. 10:0 CODE <000 0000 0001>, This field represents the code field of the next page transmission. RW If the MP bit is set (bit 13 of this register), then the code shall be interpreted as a "Message Page", as defined in annex 28C of IEEE 802.3u. Otherwise, the code shall be interpreted as an "Unformatted Page", and the interpretation is application specific. O bs The default value of the CODE represents a Null Page as defined in Annex 28C of IEEE 802.3u. 36 www.national.com DP83846A This register contains the next page information sent by this device to its Link Partner during Auto-Negotiation. This register provides a single location within the register set for quick access to commonly accessed information. Table 16. PHY Status Register (PHYSTS), address 0x10 Bit Bit Name Default 15:14 RESERVED 0, RO 13 Receive Error Latch 0, RO/LH Description RESERVED: Write ignored, read as 0. Receive Error Latch: This bit will be cleared upon a read of the RECR register. 1 = Receive error event has occurred since last read of RXERCNT (address 0x15, Page 0). 0 = No receive error event has occurred. 12 Polarity Status 0, RO Polarity Status: This bit is a duplication of bit 4 in the 10BTSCR register. This bit will be cleared upon a read of the 10BTSCR register, but not upon a read of the PHYSTS register. te 1 = Inverted Polarity detected. 0 = Correct Polarity detected. 11 False Carrier Sense Latch 0, RO/LH False Carrier Sense Latch: This bit will be cleared upon a read of the FCSR register. ol e 1 = False Carrier event has occurred since last read of FCSCR (address 0x14). 0 = No False Carrier event has occurred. 10 Signal Detect 0, RO/LL 100Base-TX unconditional Signal Detect from PMD. 9 Descrambler Lock 0, RO/LL 100Base-TX Descrambler Lock from PMD. 8 Page Received 0, RO Link Code Word Page Received: This is a duplicate of the Page Received bit in the ANER register, but this bit will not be cleared upon a read of the PHYSTS register. 1 = A new Link Code Word Page has been received. Cleared on read of the ANER (address 0x06, bit 1). O bs 0 = Link Code Word Page has not been received. 37 www.national.com DP83846A 5.2 Extended Registers DP83846A Table 16. PHY Status Register (PHYSTS), address 0x10 (Continued) Bit Bit Name Default Description 7 RESERVED 0, RO RESERVED: Writes ignored, Read as 0. 6 Remote Fault 0, RO Remote Fault: 1 = Remote Fault condition detected (cleared on read of BMSR (address 01h) register or by reset). Fault criteria: notification from Link Partner of Remote Fault via Auto-Negotiation. 0 = No remote fault condition detected. 5 Jabber Detect 0, RO Jabber Detect: This bit only has meaning in 10 Mb/s mode This bit is a duplicate of the Jabber Detect bit in the BMSR register, except that it is not cleared upon a read of the PHYSTS register. 1 = Jabber condition detected. 0 = No Jabber. 4 Auto-Neg Complete 0, RO Auto-Negotiation Complete: 1 = Auto-Negotiation complete. 3 Loopback Status 0, RO te 0 = Auto-Negotiation not complete. Loopback: 1 = Loopback enabled. 0 = Normal operation. 2 Duplex Status 0, RO Duplex: ol e This bit indicates duplex status and is determined from Auto-Negotiation or Forced Modes. 1 = Full duplex mode. 0 = Half duplex mode. Note: This bit is only valid if Auto-Negotiation is enabled and complete and there is a valid link or if Auto-Negotiation is disabled and there is a valid link. 1 Speed Status 0, RO Speed10: bs This bit indicates the status of the speed and is determined from Auto-Negotiation or Forced Modes. 1 = 10 Mb/s mode. 0 = 100 Mb/s mode. Note: This bit is only valid if Auto-Negotiation is enabled and complete and there is a valid link or if Auto-Negotiation is disabled and there is a valid link. Link Status O 0 0, RO Link Status: This bit is a duplicate of the Link Status bit in the BMSR register, except that it will no be cleared upon a read of the PHYSTS register. 1 = Valid link established (for either 10 or 100 Mb/s operation). 0 = Link not established. 38 www.national.com Table 17. False Carrier Sense Counter Register (FCSCR), address 0x14 Bit Bit Name Default 15:8 RESERVED 0, RO 7:0 FCSCNT[7:0] 0, RW / COR Description RESERVED: Writes ignored, Read as 0. False Carrier Event Counter: This 8-bit counter increments on every false carrier event. This counter sticks when it reaches its max count (FFh). This counter provides information required to implement the "SymbolErrorDuringCarrier" attribute within the PHY managed object class of Clause 30 of the IEEE 802.3u specification. Table 18. Receiver Error Counter Register (RECR), address 0x15 Bit Name Default RESERVED 0, RO 7:0 RXERCNT[7:0] 0, RW / COR Description RESERVED: Writes ignored, Read as 0 te Bit 15:8 RX_ER Counter: ol e This 8-bit counter increments for each receive error detected. When a valid carrier is present and there is at least one occurrence of an invalid data symbol. This event can increment only once per valid carrier event. If a collision is present, the attribute will not increment. The counter sticks when it reaches its max count. Table 19. 100 Mb/s PCS Configuration and Status Register (PCSR), address 0x16 Bit Bit Name 15:13 RESERVED 12 BYP_4B5B Default <00>, RO 0, RW Description RESERVED: Writes ignored, Read as 0. Bypass 4B/5B Encoding: 1 = 4B5B encoder functions bypassed. 0 = Normal 4B5B operation. FREE_CLK 0, RW Receive Clock: bs 11 1 = RX_CK is free-running. 0 = RX_CK phase adjusted based on alignment. 10 TQ_EN 0, RW 100Mbs True Quiet Mode Enable: 1 = Transmit True Quiet Mode. 0 = Normal Transmit Mode. SD FORCE PMA O 9 8 SD_OPTION 0, RW Signal Detect Force PMA: 1 = Forces Signal Detection in PMA. 0 = Normal SD operation. 1, RW Signal Detect Option: 1 = Enhanced signal detect algorithm. 0 = Reduced signal detect algorithm. 39 www.national.com DP83846A This counter provides information required to implement the "FalseCarriers" attribute within the MAU managed object class of Clause 30 of the IEEE 802.3u specification. Bit Bit Name Default 7 Unused 0,RO 6 RESERVED 0 Description RESERVED: Must be zero. 5 FORCE_100_OK 0, RW Force 100Mb/s Good Link: 1 = Forces 100Mb/s Good Link. 0 = Normal 100Mb/s operation. 4 RESERVED 0 RESERVED: Must be zero. 3 RESERVED 0 2 NRZI_BYPASS 0, RW RESERVED: Must be zero. NRZI Bypass Enable: 1 = NRZI Bypass Enabled. 1 SCRAM_BYPASS 0, RW te 0 = NRZI Bypass Disabled. Scrambler Bypass Enable: 1 = Scrambler Bypass Enabled. 0 = Scrambler Bypass Disabled. DESCRAM_BYPA SS 0, RW Descrambler Bypass Enable: 1 = Descrambler Bypass Enabled. ol e 0 0 = Descrambler Bypass Disabled. Table 20. Reserved Registers, addresses 0x17, 0x18 Bit Name 15:0 RESERVED Default none, RW Description RESERVED: Must not be written to during normal operation. O bs Bit 40 www.national.com DP83846A Table 19. 100 Mb/s PCS Configuration and Status Register (PCSR), address 0x16 (Continued) DP83846A Table 21. PHY Control Register (PHYCTRL), address 0x19 Bit Bit Name Default 15:12 Unused 0, RO 11 PSR_15 0, RW Description BIST Sequence select: 1 = PSR15 selected. 0 = PSR9 selected. 10 BIST_STATUS 0, RO/LL BIST Test Status: 1 = BIST pass. 0 = BIST fail. Latched, cleared by write to BIST_ START bit. 9 BIST_START 0, RW BIST Start: 1 = BIST start. 0 = BIST stop. 8 BP_STRETCH 0, RW Bypass LED Stretching: te This will bypass the LED stretching for the Receive, Transmit and Collision LEDs. 1 = Bypass LED stretching. 0 = Normal operation. 7 PAUSE_STS 0, RO Pause Compare Status: 0 = Local Device and the Link Partner are not Pause capable. 6 RESERVED 5 LED_CNFG ol e 1 = Local Device and the Link Partner are both Pause capable. 1, RO/P Strap, RW Reserved: Must be 1. This bit is used to bypass the selective inversion on the LED output for DPLX - this enables its use in non-LED applications. Mode Description 1 = Led polarity adjusted - DPLX selected. 0 = DPLX active HIGH. PHYADDR[4:0] Strap, RW PHY Address: PHY address for port. O bs 4:0 41 www.national.com DP83846A Table 22. 10Base-T Status/Control Register (10BTSCR), Address 0x1A Bit Bit Name Default 15:9 Unused 0, RO 8 LOOPBACK_10_DIS 0, RW Description 10BASE-T Loopback Disable: If bit 14 (Loopback) in the BMCR is 0: 1 = 10 Mb/s Loopback is disabled. If bit 14 (Loopback) in the BMCR is 1: 1 = 10 Mb/s Loopback is enabled. 7 LP_DIS 0, RW Normal Link Pulse Disable: 1 = Transmission of NLPs is disabled. 0 = Transmission of NLPs is enabled. 6 FORCE_LINK_10 0, RW Force 10Mb Good Link: 1 = Forced Good 10Mb Link. 0 = Normal Link Status. FORCE_POL_COR 0, RW Force 10Mb Polarity Correction: te 5 1 = Force inverted polarity. 0 = Normal polarity. 4 POLARITY RO/LH 10Mb Polarity Status: ol e This bit is a duplication of bit 12 in the PHYSTS register. Both bits will be cleared upon a read of 10BTSCR register, but not upon a read of the PHYSIS register. 1 = Inverted Polarity detected. 0 = Correct Polarity detected. 3 AUTOPOL_DIS 0, RW Auto Polarity Detection & Correction Disable: 1 = Polarity Sense & Correction disabled. 0 = Polarity Sense & Correction enabled. 2 RESERVED 1, RW RESERVED: 1 bs Must be set to one. HEARTBEAT_DIS 0, RW Heartbeat Disable: This bit only has influence in half-duplex 10Mb mode. 1 = Heartbeat function disabled. 0 = Heartbeat function enabled. O When the device is operating at 100Mb or configured for full duplex operation, this bit will be ignored - the heartbeat function is disabled. 0 JABBER_DIS 0, RW Jabber Disable: Applicable only in 10BASE-T. 1 = Jabber function disabled. 0 = Jabber function enabled. 42 www.national.com Bit Bit Name Default 15 CD_ENABLE 1, RW Description CD Enable: 1 = CD Enabled - power-down mode, outputs high impedance. 0 = CD Disabled. 14 DCDCOMP 0, RW Duty Cycle Distortion Compensation: 1 = Increases the amount of DCD compensation. 13 FIL_TTL 0, RW Waveshaper Current Source Test: To check ability of waveshaper current sources to switch on/off. 1 = Test mode; waveshaping is done, but the output is a square wave. All sources are either on or off. 0 = Normal mode; sinusoidal. RESERVED none, RW Reserved: This bit should be written with a 0 if write access is required on this register. 11 RISETIME Strap, RW CD Rise Time Control: 10 RESERVED none, RW Reserved: This bit should be written with a 0 if write access is required on this register. 9 FALLTIME Strap, RW CD Fall Time Control: 8 CDTESTEN 0, RW CD Test Mode Enable: te 12 ol e 1 = Enable CD test mode - differs based on speed of operation (10/100Mb). 0 = Normal operation. 7:5 RESERVED[2:0] 000, RW 4 CDPATTEN_10 0, RW RESERVED: Must be zero. CD Pattern Enable for 10meg: 1 = Enabled. 0 = Disabled. 3 CDPATTEN_100 0, RW CD Pattern Enable for 100meg: bs 1 = Enabled. 0 = Disabled. 2 10MEG_PATT_GAP 0, RW Defines gap between data or NLP test sequences: 1 = 15 s. 0 = 10 s. CDPATTSEL[1:0] O 1:0 00, RW CD Pattern Select[1:0]: If CDPATTEN_100 = 1: 00 = All 0's (True quiet) 01 = All 1's 10 = 2 1's, 2 0's repeating pattern 11 = 14 1's, 6 0's repeating pattern If CDPATTEN_10 = 1: 00 = Data, EOP0 sequence 01 = Data, EOP1 sequence 10 = NLPs 11 = Constant Manchester 1s (10mhz sine wave) for harmonic distortion testing. 43 www.national.com DP83846A Table 23. CD Test Register (CDCTRL), Address 0x1B Absolute Maximum Ratings Recommended Operating Conditions Supply voltage (VCC) Supply Voltage (VCC) -0.5 V to 4.2 V DC Input Voltage (VIN) -0.5V to 5.5V Ambient Temperature (TA) DC Output Voltage (VOUT) -0.5V to 5.5V Max. die temperature (Tj) Storage Temperature (TSTG) 260C ESD Rating (RZAP = 1.5k, CZAP = 120 pF) 1.0 kV 0 to 70 C 107C Max case temp -65oC to 150C Lead Temp. (TL) (Soldering, 10 sec) 3.3 Volts + 0.3V 96C Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which the safety of the device cannot be guaranteed. They are not meant to imply that the device should be operated at these limits. Thermal Characteristic Units te Max 15 Theta Junction to Case (Tjc) C / W 51 C / W Theta Junction to Ambient (Tja) degrees Celsius/Watt - 225 LFPM Airflow @ 1.0W 42 C / W Theta Junction to Ambient (Tja) degrees Celsius/Watt - 500 LFPM Airflow @ 1.0W 37 C / W Theta Junction to Ambient (Tja) degrees Celsius/Watt - 900 LFPM Airflow @ 1.0W 33 C / W ol e Theta Junction to Ambient (Tja) degrees Celsius/Watt - No Airflow @ 1.0W Note:0 DC Electrical Specification Symbol Pin Types Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units I I/O Input High Voltage Nominal VCC VIL I I/O Input Low Voltage 0.8 V IIH I I/O Input High Current VIN = VCC 10 A I I/O Input Low Current VIN = GND 10 A O, I/O Output Low Voltage IOL = 4 mA 0.4 V O, I/O Output High Voltage IOH = -4 mA VledOL LED Output Low Voltage * IOL = 2.5 mA VledOH LED Output High Voltage IOH = -2.5 mA IOZH I/O, O TRI-STATE Leakage VOUT = VCC 10 A I5IH I/O, O 5 Volt Tolerant MII Leakage VIN = 5.25 V 10 A I5OZH I/O, O 5 Volt Tolerant MII Leakage VOUT = 5.25 V 10 A RINdiff RD+/- Differential Input Resistance VTPTD_100 TD+/- 100M Transmit Voltage IIL VOL O VOH bs VIH 2.0 V VCC - 0.5 V 0.4 VCC - 0.5 V 1.1 .95 44 V 1 k 1.05 V www.national.com DP83846A 6.0 Electrical Specifications Pin Types Parameter VTPTDsym TD+/- 100M Transmit Voltage Symmetry VTPTD_10 TD+/- 10M Transmit Voltage I CMOS Input Capacitance CIN1 Conditions Min 2.2 Parameter is not 100% tested Units 2.5 % 2.8 V 8 RD+/- 100BASE-TX Signal detect turnon threshold SDTHoff RD+/- 100BASE-TX Signal detect turnoff threshold 200 VTH1 RD+/- 10BASE-T Receive Threshold 300 Idd100 Supply 100BASE-TX (Full Duplex) IOUT = 0 mA 10BASE-T (Full Duplex) IOUT = 0 mA pF 1000 See Note mV diff pk-pk 585 mV 150 200 mA 100 130 mA te See Note mV diff pk-pk ol e Supply Max 2 SDTHon Idd10 Typ O bs Note: For Idd Measurements, outputs are not loaded. 45 www.national.com DP83846A Symbol DP83846A 6.1 Reset Timing VCC X1 Clock T1.0.1 T1.0.4 HARDWARE RSTN 32 CLOCKS te MDC T1.0.2 ol e Latch-In of Hardware Configuration Pins T1.0.3 INPUT OUTPUT Dual Function Pins Become Enabled As Outputs T1.0.1 T1.0.2 T1.0.4 Notes Min Typ Max Units MDIO is pulled high for 32-bit serial management initialization 3 s Hardware Configuration Latch-in Hardware Configuration Pins are Time from the Deassertion of RE- described in the Pin Description SET (either soft or hard) section 3 s 3.5 s Post RESET Stabilization time prior to MDC preamble for register accesses Hardware Configuration pins transition to output drivers O T1.0.3 Description bs Parameter RESET pulse width X1 Clock must be stable for a minimum of 160us during RESET pulse low time. 160 s Note1: Software Reset should be initiated no sooner then 500 s after power-up or the deassertion of hardware reset. Note2: It is important to choose pull-up and/or pull-down resistors for each of the hardware configuration pins that provide fast RC time constants in order to latch-in the proper value prior to the pin transitioning to an output driver. 46 www.national.com DP83846A 6.2 PGM Clock Timing X1 TX_CLK Parameter T2.0.1 te T2.0.1 Description Notes TX_CLK Duty Cycle Typ 35 Max Units 65 % Max Units 300 ns ol e 6.3 MII Serial Management Timing MDC Min T3.0.1 T3.0.4 bs MDIO (output) MDC T3.0.2 O MDIO (input) Parameter Description T3.0.3 Valid Data Notes Min Typ T3.0.1 MDC to MDIO (Output) Delay Time 0 T3.0.2 MDIO (Input) to MDC Setup Time 10 ns T3.0.3 MDIO (Input) to MDC Hold Time 10 ns T3.0.4 MDC Frequency 2.5 47 MHz www.national.com DP83846A 6.4 100 Mb/s Timing 6.4.1 100 Mb/s MII Transmit Timing TX_CLK T4.1.2 T4.1.1 TXD[3:0] TX_EN TX_ER Parameter Valid Data Description Notes Min Typ Max Units TXD[3:0], TX_EN, TX_ER Data Setup to TX_CLK 10 ns T4.1.2 TXD[3:0], TX_EN, TX_ER Data Hold from TX_CLK 5 ns te T4.1.1 6.4.2 100 Mb/s MII Receive Timing RX_CLK ol e T4.2.1 T4.2.2 Parameter T4.2.1 Description Notes Min Typ Max Units RX_CLK Duty Cycle 35 65 % RX_CLK to RXD[3:0], RX_DV, RX_ER Delay 10 30 ns O T4.2.2 Valid Data bs RXD[3:0] RX_DV RX_ER 48 www.national.com DP83846A 6.4.3 100BASE-TX Transmit Packet Latency Timing TX_CLK TX_EN TXD IDLE TD Parameter Description (J/K) DATA Notes TX_CLK to TD Latency Min Typ ol e T4.3.1 te T4.3.1 Max Units 6.0 bit times Note: Latency is determined by measuring the time from the first rising edge of TX_CLK occurring after the assertion of TX_EN to the first bit of the "J" code group as output from the TD pins. 6.4.4 100BASE-TX Transmit Packet Deassertion Timing bs TX_CLK O TX_EN TXD TD Parameter T4.4.1 T4.4.1 DATA (T/R) DATA (T/R) Description Notes TX_CLK to TD Deassertion IDLE IDLE Min Typ Max Units 6.0 bit times Note: Deassertion is determined by measuring the time from the first rising edge of TX_CLK occurring after the deassertion of TX_EN to the first bit of the "T" code group as output from the TD pins. 49 www.national.com DP83846A 6.4.5 100BASE-TX Transmit Timing (tR/F & Jitter) T4.5.1 +1 rise 90% 10% TD 10% +1 fall 90% T4.5.1 -1 fall -1 rise T4.5.1 te T4.5.1 T4.5.2 TD eye pattern T4.5.1 Description Notes Min Typ Max Units 3 4 5 ns 100 Mb/s tR and tF Mismatch 500 ps 100 Mb/s TD Transmit Jitter 1.4 ns 100 Mb/s TD tR and tF bs T4.5.2 ol e Parameter T4.5.2 Note1: Normal Mismatch is the difference between the maximum and minimum of all rise and fall times. O Note2: Rise and fall times taken at 10% and 90% of the +1 or -1 amplitude. 50 www.national.com DP83846A 6.4.6 100BASE-TX Receive Packet Latency Timing RD IDLE Data (J/K) T4.6.1 CRS T4.6.2 Parameter te RXD[3:0] RX_DV RX_ER/RXD[4] Description T4.6.1 Carrier Sense ON Delay T4.6.2 Receive Data Latency Notes Min Typ Max Units 17.5 bit times 21 bit times ol e Note: Carrier Sense On Delay is determined by measuring the time from the first bit of the "J" code group to the assertion of Carrier Sense. Note: RD voltage amplitude is greater than the Signal Detect Turn-On Threshold Value. 6.4.7 100BASE-TX Receive Packet Deassertion Timing RD DATA IDLE (T/R) bs T4.7.1 O CRS RXD[3:0] RX_DV RX_ER/RXD[4] Parameter T4.7.1 Description Notes Carrier Sense OFF Delay Min Typ Max Units 21.5 bit times Note: Carrier Sense Off Delay is determined by measuring the time from the first bit of the "T" code group to the deassertion of Carrier Sense. 51 www.national.com DP83846A 6.5 10 Mb/s Timing 6.5.1 10 Mb/s MII Transmit Timing TX_CLK T5.1.2 T5.1.1 TXD[3:0] TX_EN Parameter Valid Data Description Notes Min Typ Max Units TXD[3:0], TX_EN Data Setup to TX_CLK 25 ns T5.1.2 TXD[3:0], TX_EN Data Hold from TX_CLK 5 ns te T5.1.1 6.5.2 10 Mb/s MII Receive Timing RX_CLK Parameter T5.2.1 Valid Data Description Notes Min Typ Max Units RX_CLK Duty Cycle 35 65 % RX_CLK to RXD[3:0], RX_DV 190 210 ns O T5.2.2 T5.2.2 bs RXD[3:0] RX_DV ol e T5.2.1 52 www.national.com DP83846A 6.5.3 10BASE-T Transmit Timing (Start of Packet) TX_CLK T5.3.1 TX_EN T5.3.2 T5.3.3 TXD[0] TPTD Parameter te T5.3.4 Description Notes Transmit Enable Setup Time from the Falling Edge of TX_CLK T5.3.2 Transmit Data Setup Time from the Falling Edge of TX_CLK T5.3.3 Transmit Data Hold Time from the Falling Edge of TX_CLK T5.3.4 Transmit Output Delay from the Falling Edge of TX_CLK Typ Max Units 25 ns 25 ns ol e T5.3.1 Min 5 ns 6.8 bit times 6.5.4 10BASE-T Transmit Timing (End of Packet) bs TX_CLK T5.4.1 TX_EN O TPTD TPTD Parameter 0 1 0 T5.4.3 1 Description T5.4.1 Transmit Enable Hold Time from the Falling Edge of TX_CLK T5.4.2 End of Packet High Time T5.4.2 Notes Min Typ Max Units 5 ns 250 ns 250 ns (with `0' ending bit) T5.4.3 End of Packet High Time (with `1' ending bit) 53 www.national.com DP83846A 6.5.5 10BASE-T Receive Timing (Start of Packet) 1st SFD bit decoded 1 0 1 TPRD T5.5.1 CRS T5.5.2 RX_CLK T5.5.4 te RXD[0] T5.5.3 Parameter ol e RX_DV Description Notes Min Typ Max Units 1 s T5.5.1 Carrier Sense Turn On Delay (TPRD to CRS) T5.5.2 Decoder Acquisition Time 3.6 s T5.5.3 Receive Data Latency 17.3 bit times T5.5.4 SFD Propagation Delay 10 bit times bs Note: 10BASE-T receive Data Latency is measured from first bit of preamble on the wire to the assertion of RX_DV. 6.5.6 10BASE-T Receive Timing (End of Packet) 1 0 1 IDLE O TPRD RX_CLK T5.6.1 CRS Parameter T5.6.1 Description Notes Carrier Sense Turn Off Delay 54 Min Typ Max Units 1.1 s www.national.com DP83846A 6.5.7 10 Mb/s Heartbeat Timing TXE TXC T5.7.2 T5.7.1 COL Parameter Description Notes Min Typ Max Units CD Heartbeat Delay 600 1600 ns T5.7.2 CD Heartbeat Duration 500 1500 ns Max Units te T5.7.1 6.5.8 10 Mb/s Jabber Timing ol e TXE T5.8.1 T5.8.2 TPTD bs COL Parameter T5.8.1 T5.8.2 Description Notes Min Typ Jabber Activation Time 20 150 ms Jabber Deactivation Time 250 750 ms Max Units O 6.5.9 10BASE-T Normal Link Pulse Timing T5.9.2 T5.9.1 Normal Link Pulse(s) Parameter Description T5.9.1 Pulse Width T5.9.2 Pulse Period Notes Min Typ 100 8 55 16 ns 24 ms www.national.com DP83846A 6.5.10 Auto-Negotiation Fast Link Pulse (FLP) Timing T5.10.2 T5.10.3 T5.10.1 T5.10.1 Fast Link Pulse(s) clock pulse data pulse clock pulse T5.10.6 T5.10.5 FLP Burst Parameter Description Clock, Data Pulse Width T5.10.2 Clock Pulse to Clock Pulse Period T5.10.3 Clock Pulse to Data Pulse Period T5.10.4 Number of Pulses in a Burst T5.10.5 Burst Width T5.10.6 FLP Burst to FLP Burst Period FLP Burst Notes Min Typ Max 100 ol e T5.10.1 te T5.10.4 Data = 1 Units ns 139 s 55.5 69.5 s 17 33 # 111 125 2 8 ms 24 ms bs 6.5.11 100BASE-TX Signal Detect Timing RD T5.11.1 O T5.11.2 SD+ internal Max Units T5.11.1 Parameter SD Internal Turn-on Time Description Notes Min Typ 1 ms T5.11.2 SD Internal Turn-off Time 300 s Note: The signal amplitude at RD is TP-PMD compliant. 56 www.national.com DP83846A 6.6 Loopback Timing 6.6.1 100 Mb/s Internal Loopback Mode TX_CLK TX_EN CRS T6.1.1 RX_DV bs RXD[3:0] Parameter T6.1.1 ol e RX_CLK te TXD[3:0] Description Notes Min TX_EN to RX_DV Loopback Typ Max Units 240 ns Note1: Due to the nature of the descrambler function, all 100BASE-TX Loopback modes will cause an initial "dead-time" of up to 550 s during which time no data will be present at the receive MII outputs. The 100BASE-TX timing specified is based on device delays after the initial 550s "dead-time". O Note2: Measurement is made from the first rising edge of TX_CLK after assertion of TX_EN. 57 www.national.com DP83846A 6.6.2 10 Mb/s Internal Loopback Mode TX_CLK TX_EN TXD[3:0] CRS te T6.2.1 RX_DV RXD[3:0] T6.2.1 Description Notes bs Parameter ol e RX_CLK Min TX_EN to RX_DV Loopback Typ Max Units 2 s O Note: Measurement is made from the first falling edge of TX_CLK after assertion of TX_EN. 58 www.national.com DP83846A 6.7 Isolation Timing Clear bit 10 of BMCR (return to normal operation from Isolate mode) T7.0.1 H/W or S/W Reset (with PHYAD = 00000) T7.0.2 MODE NORMAL Parameter Description From software clear of bit 10 in the BMCR register to the transition from Isolate to Normal Mode T7.0.2 From Deassertion of S/W or H/W Reset to transition from Isolate to Normal mode Notes Min Typ Max Units 100 s 500 s O bs ol e T7.0.1 te ISOLATE 59 www.national.com te ol e bs Plastic Quad Flat Pack (LQFP) Order Number DP83846AVHG NS Package Number VHG-80A LIFE SUPPORT POLICY O NATIONAL'S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. National Semiconductor Corporation Americas Tel: 1-800-272-9959 Fax: 1-800-737-7018 Email: support@nsc.com National Semiconductor Europe Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86 Email: europe.support@nsc.com Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208 English Tel: +44 (0) 870 24 0 2171 Francais Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. 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