LMP2014MT
LMP2014MT Quad High Precision, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifier
Literature Number: SNOSAK6A
LMP2014MT
Quad High Precision, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational
Amplifier
General Description
The LMP2014MT is a member of National’s new LMP
TM
precision amplifier family. The LMP2014MT offers unprec-
edented accuracy and stability while also being offered at an
affordable price. This device utilizes patented techniques to
measure and continually correct the input offset error volt-
age. The result is an amplifier which is ultra stable over time
and temperature. It has excellent CMRR and PSRR ratings,
and does not exhibit the familiar 1/f voltage and current noise
increase that plagues traditional amplifiers. The combination
of the LMP2014 characteristics makes it a good choice for
transducer amplifiers, high gain configurations, ADC buffer
amplifiers, DAC I-V conversion, and any other 2.7V-5V ap-
plication requiring precision and long term stability.
Other useful benefits of the LMP2014 are rail-to-rail output, a
low supply current of 3.7 mA, and wide gain-bandwidth
product of 3 MHz. These extremely versatile features found
in the LMP2014 provide high performance and ease of use.
Features
(For V
S
= 5V, Typical unless otherwise noted)
nLow guaranteed V
OS
over temperature 60 µV
nLow noise with no 1/f 35nV/
nHigh CMRR 130 dB
nHigh PSRR 120 dB
nHigh A
VOL
130 dB
nWide gain-bandwidth product 3 MHz
nHigh slew rate 4 V/µs
nLow supply current 3.7 mA
nRail-to-rail output 30 mV
nNo external capacitors required
Applications
nPrecision instrumentation amplifiers
nThermocouple amplifiers
nStrain gauge bridge amplifier
Connection Diagram
14-Pin TSSOP
20132939
Top View
Ordering Information
Package Part Number Temperature
Range
Package Marking Transport Media NSC Drawing
14-Pin
TSSOP
LMP2014MT 0˚C to 70˚C LMP2014MT 94 Units/Rail MTC14
LMP2014MTX 2.5k Units Tape and Reel
July 2005
LMP2014MT Quad High Precision, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifier
© 2005 National Semiconductor Corporation DS201329 www.national.com
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
ESD Tolerance
Human Body Model 2000V
Machine Model 200V
Supply Voltage 5.8V
Common-Mode Input
Voltage −0.3 ≤V
CM
≤V
CC
+0.3V
Lead Temperature
(soldering 10 sec.) +300˚C
Differential Input Voltage ±Supply Voltage
Current at Input Pin 30 mA
Current at Output Pin 30 mA
Current at Power Supply Pin 50 mA
Operating Ratings (Note 1)
Supply Voltage 2.7V to 5.25V
Storage Temperature Range −65˚C to 150˚C
Operating Temperature Range
LMP2014MT, LMP2014MTX 0˚C to 70˚C
2.7V DC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C,
V
+
= 2.7V, V
-
= 0V, V
CM
= 1.35V, V
O
= 1.35V and R
L
>1MΩ.Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol Parameter Conditions
Min
(Note 3)
Typ
(Note 2)
Max
(Note 3) Units
V
OS
Input Offset Voltage 0.8 30
60
µV
Offset Calibration Time 0.5 10
12
ms
TCV
OS
Input Offset Voltage 0.015 µV/˚C
Long-Term Offset Drift 0.006 µV/month
Lifetime V
OS
Drift 2.5 µV
I
IN
Input Current -3 pA
I
OS
Input Offset Current 6 pA
R
IND
Input Differential Resistance 9 MΩ
CMRR Common Mode Rejection
Ratio
−0.3 ≤V
CM
≤0.9V
0≤V
CM
≤0.9V
95
90
130 dB
PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio 95
90
120 dB
A
VOL
Open Loop Voltage Gain R
L
=10kΩ95
90
130
dB
R
L
=2kΩ90
85
124
V
O
Output Swing R
L
=10kΩto 1.35V
V
IN
(diff) = ±0.5V
2.63
2.655
2.68
V
0.033 0.070
0.075
R
L
=2kΩto 1.35V
V
IN
(diff) = ±0.5V
2.615
2.615
2.65
V
0.061 0.085
0.105
I
O
Output Current Sourcing, V
O
=0V
V
IN
(diff) = ±0.5V
5
3
12
mA
Sinking, V
O
=5V
V
IN
(diff) = ±0.5V
5
3
18
I
S
Supply Current per Channel 0.919 1.20
1.50
mA
LMP2014MT
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2.7V AC Electrical Characteristics T
J
= 25˚C, V
+
= 2.7V, V
-
= 0V, V
CM
= 1.35V, V
O
= 1.35V, and R
L
>1MΩ.Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol Parameter Conditions
Min
(Note 3)
Typ
(Note 2)
Max
(Note 3) Units
GBW Gain-Bandwidth Product 3 MHz
SR Slew Rate 4 V/µs
θ
m
Phase Margin 60 Deg
G
m
Gain Margin −14 dB
e
n
Input-Referred Voltage Noise 35 nV/
i
n
Input-Referred Current Noise pA/
e
n
p-p Input-Referred Voltage Noise R
S
= 100Ω,DCto10Hz 850 nV
pp
t
rec
Input Overload Recovery Time 50 ms
5V DC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C, V
+
=
5V, V
-
= 0V, V
CM
= 2.5V, V
O
= 2.5V and R
L
>1MΩ.Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol Parameter Conditions
Min
(Note 3)
Typ
(Note 2)
Max
(Note 3) Units
V
OS
Input Offset Voltage 0.12 30
60
µV
Offset Calibration Time 0.5 10
12
ms
TCV
OS
Input Offset Voltage 0.015 µV/˚C
Long-Term Offset Drift 0.006 µV/month
Lifetime V
OS
Drift 2.5 µV
I
IN
Input Current -3 pA
I
OS
Input Offset Current 6 pA
R
IND
Input Differential Resistance 9 MΩ
CMRR Common Mode Rejection
Ratio
−0.3 ≤V
CM
≤3.2
0≤V
CM
≤3.2
100
90
130 dB
PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio 95
90
120 dB
A
VOL
Open Loop Voltage Gain R
L
=10kΩ105
100
130
dB
R
L
=2kΩ95
90
132
V
O
Output Swing R
L
=10kΩto 2.5V
V
IN
(diff) = ±0.5V
4.92
4.95
4.978
V
0.040 0.080
0.085
R
L
=2kΩto 2.5V
V
IN
(diff) = ±0.5V
4.875
4.875
4.919
V
0.091 0.125
0.140
I
O
Output Current Sourcing, V
O
=0V
V
IN
(diff) = ±0.5V
8
6
15
mA
Sinking, V
O
=5V
V
IN
(diff) = ±0.5V
8
6
17
I
S
Supply Current per Channel 0.930 1.20
1.50
mA
LMP2014MT
www.national.com3
5V AC Electrical Characteristics T
J
= 25˚C, V
+
= 5V, V
-
= 0V, V
CM
= 2.5V, V
O
= 2.5V, and R
L
>
1MΩ.Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol Parameter Conditions
Min
(Note 3)
Typ
(Note 2)
Max
(Note 3) Units
GBW Gain-Bandwidth Product 3 MHz
SR Slew Rate 4 V/µs
θ
m
Phase Margin 60 deg
G
m
Gain Margin −15 dB
e
n
Input-Referred Voltage Noise 35 nV/
i
n
Input-Referred Current Noise pA/
e
n
p-p Input-Referred Voltage Noise R
S
= 100Ω,DCto10Hz 850 nV
PP
t
rec
Input Overload Recovery Time 50 ms
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be
functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.
Note 2: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm.
Note 3: Limits are 100% production tested at 25˚C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlations using statistical quality control
(SQC) method.
LMP2014MT
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Typical Performance Characteristics
T
A
=25C, V
S
= 5V unless otherwise specified.
Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Offset Voltage vs. Supply Voltage
20132943 20132944
Offset Voltage vs. Common Mode Offset Voltage vs. Common Mode
20132945 20132946
Voltage Noise vs. Frequency Input Bias Current vs. Common Mode
20132904 20132903
LMP2014MT
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
PSRR vs. Frequency PSRR vs. Frequency
20132907 20132906
Output Sourcing @2.7V Output Sourcing @5V
20132947 20132948
Output Sinking @2.7V Output Sinking @5V
20132949 20132950
LMP2014MT
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
Max Output Swing vs. Supply Voltage Max Output Swing vs. Supply Voltage
20132951 20132952
Min Output Swing vs. Supply Voltage Min Output Swing vs. Supply Voltage
20132953 20132954
CMRR vs. Frequency Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. Supply Voltage
20132905 20132908
LMP2014MT
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. R
L
@2.7V Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. R
L
@5V
20132909 20132910
Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. C
L
@2.7V Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. C
L
@5V
20132911 20132912
Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. Temperature @2.7V Open Loop Gain and Phase vs. Temperature @5V
20132936 20132937
LMP2014MT
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
THD+N vs. AMPL THD+N vs. Frequency
20132914 20132913
0.1 Hz − 10 Hz Noise vs. Time
20132915
LMP2014MT
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Application Information
THE BENEFITS OF LMP2014
NO 1/f NOISE
Using patented methods, the LMP2014 eliminates the 1/f
noise present in other amplifiers. That noise, which in-
creases as frequency decreases, is a major source of mea-
surement error in all DC-coupled measurements. Low-
frequency noise appears as a constantly-changing signal in
series with any measurement being made. As a result, even
when the measurement is made rapidly, this constantly-
changing noise signal will corrupt the result. The value of this
noise signal can be surprisingly large. For example: If a
conventional amplifier has a flat-band noise level of 10nV/
and a noise corner of 10 Hz, the RMS noise at 0.001
Hz is 1µV/ . This is equivalent to a 0.50 µV peak-to-
peak error, in the frequency range 0.001 Hz to 1.0 Hz. In a
circuit with a gain of 1000, this produces a 0.50 mV peak-
to-peak output error. This number of 0.001 Hz might appear
unreasonably low, but when a data acquisition system is
operating for 17 minutes, it has been on long enough to
include this error. In this same time, the LMP2014 will only
have a 0.21 mV output error. This is smaller by 2.4 x. Keep
in mind that this 1/f error gets even larger at lower frequen-
cies. At the extreme, many people try to reduce this error by
integrating or taking several samples of the same signal.
This is also doomed to failure because the 1/f nature of this
noise means that taking longer samples just moves the
measurement into lower frequencies where the noise level is
even higher.
The LMP2014 eliminates this source of error. The noise level
is constant with frequency so that reducing the bandwidth
reduces the errors caused by noise.
Another source of error that is rarely mentioned is the error
voltage caused by the inadvertent thermocouples created
when the common "Kovar type" IC package lead materials
are soldered to a copper printed circuit board. These steel-
based leadframe materials can produce over 35 µV/˚C when
soldered onto a copper trace. This can result in thermo-
couple noise that is equal to the LMP2014 noise when there
is a temperature difference of only 0.0014˚C between the
lead and the board!
For this reason, the lead-frame of the LMP2014 is made of
copper. This results in equal and opposite junctions which
cancel this effect.
OVERLOAD RECOVERY
The LMP2014 recovers from input overload much faster
than most chopper-stabilized op amps. Recovery from driv-
ing the amplifier to 2X the full scale output, only requires
about 40 ms. Many chopper-stabilized amplifiers will take
from 250 ms to several seconds to recover from this same
overload. This is because large capacitors are used to store
the unadjusted offset voltage.
The wide bandwidth of the LMP2014 enhances performance
when it is used as an amplifier to drive loads that inject
transients back into the output. ADCs (Analog-to-Digital Con-
verters) and multiplexers are examples of this type of load.
To simulate this type of load, a pulse generator producing a
1V peak square wave was connected to the output through a
10 pF capacitor. (Figure 1) The typical time for the output to
recover to 1% of the applied pulse is 80 ns. To recover to
0.1% requires 860ns. This rapid recovery is due to the wide
bandwidth of the output stage and large total GBW.
NO EXTERNAL CAPACITORS REQUIRED
The LMP2014 does not need external capacitors. This elimi-
nates the problems caused by capacitor leakage and dielec-
tric absorption, which can cause delays of several seconds
from turn-on until the amplifier’s error has settled.
MORE BENEFITS
The LMP2014 offers the benefits mentioned above and
more. It has a rail-to-rail output and consumes only 950 µA of
supply current while providing excellent DC and AC electrical
performance. In DC performance, the LMP2014 achieves
130 dB of CMRR, 120 dB of PSRR and 130 dB of open loop
gain. In AC performance, the LMP2014 provides 3 MHz of
gain-bandwidth product and 4 V/µs of slew rate.
HOW THE LMP2014 WORKS
The LMP2014 uses new, patented techniques to achieve the
high DC accuracy traditionally associated with chopper-
stabilized amplifiers without the major drawbacks produced
by chopping. The LMP2014 continuously monitors the input
offset and corrects this error. The conventional chopping
process produces many mixing products, both sums and
differences, between the chopping frequency and the incom-
ing signal frequency. This mixing causes large amounts of
distortion, particularly when the signal frequency approaches
the chopping frequency. Even without an incoming signal,
the chopper harmonics mix with each other to produce even
more trash. If this sounds unlikely or difficult to understand,
look at the plot (Figure 2), of the output of a typical (MAX432)
chopper-stabilized op amp. This is the output when there is
no incoming signal, just the amplifier in a gain of -10 with the
input grounded. The chopper is operating at about 150 Hz;
the rest is mixing products. Add an input signal and the noise
gets much worse. Compare this plot with Figure 3 of the
LMP2014. This data was taken under the exact same con-
ditions. The auto-zero action is visible at about 30 kHz but
note the absence of mixing products at other frequencies. As
a result, the LMP2014 has very low distortion of 0.02% and
very low mixing products.
20132916
FIGURE 1.
LMP2014MT
www.national.com 10
Application Information (Continued)
INPUT CURRENTS
The LMP2014’s input currents are different than standard
bipolar or CMOS input currents in that it appears as a current
flowing in one input and out the other. Under most operating
conditions, these currents are in the picoamp level and will
have little or no effect in most circuits. These currents tend to
increase slightly when the common-mode voltage is near the
minus supply. (See the typical curves.) At high temperatures
such as 70˚C, the input currents become larger, 0.5 nA
typical, and are both positive except when the V
CM
is near
V
−
. If operation is expected at low common-mode voltages
and high temperature, do not add resistance in series with
the inputs to balance the impedances. Doing this can cause
an increase in offset voltage. A small resistance such as 1
kΩcan provide some protection against very large transients
or overloads, and will not increase the offset significantly.
PRECISION STRAIN-GAUGE AMPLIFIER
This Strain-Gauge amplifier (Figure 4) provides high gain
(1006 or ~60 dB) with very low offset and drift. Using the
resistors’ tolerances as shown, the worst case CMRR will be
greater than 108 dB. The CMRR is directly related to the
resistor mismatch. The rejection of common-mode error, at
the output, is independent of the differential gain, which is
set by R3. The CMRR is further improved, if the resistor ratio
matching is improved, by specifying tighter-tolerance resis-
tors, or by trimming.
Extending Supply Voltages and Output Swing by Using
a Composite Amplifier Configuration:
In cases where substantially higher output swing is required
with higher supply voltages, arrangements like the ones
shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 could be used. These
configurations utilize the excellent DC performance of the
LMP2014 while at the same time allow the superior voltage
and frequency capabilities of the LM6171 to set the dynamic
performance of the overall amplifier. For example, it is pos-
sible to achieve ±12V output swing with 300 MHz of overall
GBW (A
V
= 100) while keeping the worst case output shift
due to V
OS
less than 4 mV. The LMP2014 output voltage is
kept at about mid-point of its overall supply voltage, and its
input common mode voltage range allows the V- terminal to
be grounded in one case (Figure 5, inverting operation) and
tied to a small non-critical negative bias in another (Figure 6,
non-inverting operation). Higher closed-loop gains are also
possible with a corresponding reduction in realizable band-
width. Table 1 shows some other closed loop gain possibili-
ties along with the measured performance in each case.
20132917
FIGURE 2.
20132904
FIGURE 3.
20132918
FIGURE 4.
LMP2014MT
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Application Information (Continued)
TABLE 1. Composite Amplifier Measured Performance
AV R1
Ω
R2
Ω
C2
pF
BW
MHz
SR
(V/µs)
en p-p
(mV
PP
)
50 200 10k 8 3.3 178 37
100 100 10k 10 2.5 174 70
100 1k 100k 0.67 3.1 170 70
500 200 100k 1.75 1.4 96 250
1000 100 100k 2.2 0.98 64 400
In terms of the measured output peak-to-peak noise, the
following relationship holds between output noise voltage, e
n
p-p, for different closed-loop gain, A
V
, settings, where −3 dB
Bandwidth is BW:
It should be kept in mind that in order to minimize the output
noise voltage for a given closed-loop gain setting, one could
minimize the overall bandwidth. As can be seen from Equa-
tion 1 above, the output noise has a square-root relationship
to the Bandwidth.
In the case of the inverting configuration, it is also possible to
increase the input impedance of the overall amplifier, by
raising the value of R1, without having to increase the feed-
back resistor, R2, to impractical values, by utilizing a "Tee"
network as feedback. See the LMC6442 data sheet (Appli-
cation Notes section) for more details on this.
20132919
FIGURE 5.
20132920
FIGURE 6.
20132921
FIGURE 7.
LMP2014MT
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Application Information (Continued)
LMP2014 AS ADC INPUT AMPLIFIER
The LMP2014 is a great choice for an amplifier stage imme-
diately before the input of an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Con-
verter), whether AC or DC coupled. See Figure 7 and Figure
8. This is because of the following important characteristics:
A) Very low offset voltage and offset voltage drift over time
and temperature allow a high closed-loop gain setting
without introducing any short-term or long-term errors.
For example, when set to a closed-loop gain of 100 as
the analog input amplifier for a 12-bit A/D converter, the
overall conversion error over full operation temperature
and 30 years life of the part (operating at 50˚C) would be
less than 5 LSBs.
B) Fast large-signal settling time to 0.01% of final value (1.4
µs) allows 12 bit accuracy at 100 KH
Z
or more sampling
rate.
C) No flicker (1/f) noise means unsurpassed data accuracy
over any measurement period of time, no matter how
long. Consider the following op amp performance, based
on a typical low-noise, high-performance commercially-
available device, for comparison:
Op amp flatband noise = 8nV/
1/f corner frequency = 100 Hz
A
V
= 2000
Measurement time = 100 sec
Bandwidth=2Hz
This example will result in about 2.2 mV
PP
(1.9 LSB) of
output noise contribution due to the op amp alone, com-
pared to about 594 µV
PP
(less than 0.5 LSB) when that
op amp is replaced with the LMP2014 which has no 1/f
contribution. If the measurement time is increased from
100 seconds to 1 hour, the improvement realized by
using the LMP2014 would be a factor of about 4.8 times
(2.86 mV
PP
compared to 596 µV when LMP2014 is
used) mainly because the LMP2014 accuracy is not
compromised by increasing the observation time.
D) Copper leadframe construction minimizes any thermo-
couple effects which would degrade low level/high gain
data conversion application accuracy (see discussion
under "The Benefits of the LMP2014" section above).
E) Rail-to-Rail output swing maximizes the ADC dynamic
range in 5-Volt single-supply converter applications. Be-
low are some typical block diagrams showing the
LMP2014 used as an ADC amplifier (Figure 7 and Figure
8).
20132922
FIGURE 8.
LMP2014MT
www.national.com13
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
14-Pin TSSOP
NS Package Number MTC14
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves
the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com.
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LMP2014MT Quad High Precision, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifier
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Products Applications
Audio www.ti.com/audio Communications and Telecom www.ti.com/communications
Amplifiers amplifier.ti.com Computers and Peripherals www.ti.com/computers
Data Converters dataconverter.ti.com Consumer Electronics www.ti.com/consumer-apps
DLP®Products www.dlp.com Energy and Lighting www.ti.com/energy
DSP dsp.ti.com Industrial www.ti.com/industrial
Clocks and Timers www.ti.com/clocks Medical www.ti.com/medical
Interface interface.ti.com Security www.ti.com/security
Logic logic.ti.com Space, Avionics and Defense www.ti.com/space-avionics-defense
Power Mgmt power.ti.com Transportation and Automotive www.ti.com/automotive
Microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com Video and Imaging www.ti.com/video
RFID www.ti-rfid.com
OMAP Mobile Processors www.ti.com/omap
Wireless Connectivity www.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity
TI E2E Community Home Page e2e.ti.com
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