2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21361B-page 1
TC115
Features
• High Efficiency at Low Output Load Currents via
PFM Mode
• Assured Start-up at 0.9V
•80µA (Typ) Supply Current
• 85% Typical Efficiency at 100mA
• 140mA Typical Output Current @ VIN =2.0V
• Low Power Shutdown Mode
• No External Switching Transistor Needed
• Space Saving SOT-89 Package
Applications
• Pagers
• Cellular Phones
•Palmtops
• 1-Cell to 3-Cell Battery Powered Systems
• Cameras, Video Recorders
• Local +3V to +5V Supplies
Device Selection Table
*Other output voltages are available. Please contact
Microchip Technology for details.
Package Type
General Description
The TC115 is a high-efficiency step-up DC/DC
converter for small, low input voltage or battery
powered systems.This device has a start-up voltage of
0.9V and a typical supply current of 80µA. Phase
compensation and soft-start circuitry are included on-
chip. Unlike conventional PWM step-up converters, the
TC115 automatically shifts to pulse frequency
modulation (PFM) at low loads, resulting in reduced
supply current and improved efficiency.
The TC115 requires only an external diode, an
inductor, and a capacitor, and supports typical output
currents of 140mA. Supply current is reduced to less
than 0.5µA, max when SHDN input is brought low.
Small size, low installed cost, and low supply current
make the TC115 step-up converter ideal for use in a
wide range of battery powered systems.
Functional Block Diagram
Part
Number
Output
Voltage
(V)* Package Osc.
Freq.
(kHz)
Operating
Temp.
Range
TC115501ECT 5.0 SOT-89-5 100 -40°C to +85°C
TC115331ECT 3.3 SOT-89-5 100 -40°C to +85°C
TC115301ECT 3.0 SOT-89-5 100 -40°C to +85°C
54
TC115
13
2
GND LX
NC PS SHDN
SOT-89-5
1.5V C1
10µF
L1
100µH
Sumida
CD-54
1.5V to +3V, 50mA Supply
54
TC115
13
2
SHDN
PS
NC
C2
47µF
Tantalum
IN5817
D1
GND LX
+3V
OUT
+
–
+
+
PFM/PWM Step-Up DC/DC Converter
TC115
DS21361B-page 2
2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
1.0 ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
Absolute Maximum Ratings*
Power Supply Voltage (PS)....................................12V
Power Dissipation.............................................500mW
LX Sink Current............................................400mA pk
SHDN Input Voltage...............................................12V
Operating Temperature Range.............-40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range..............-40°C to +125°C
*Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum
Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These
are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device
at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the
operation sections of the specifications is not implied.
Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability.
TC115 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Electrical Characteristics: VOUT =5V,T
A= 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Circuit configuration per Figure 4-1.
Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units Test Conditions
VIN Operating Supply Voltage 0.9 — 10.0 V Note 5
VSTART Start-Up Supply Voltage — — 0.9 V IOUT =1mA
ILXMAX LX Maximum Sink Current — — 350 mA
fLIM LX Limit Frequency — 200 — kHz VLX =VLX
LIM
VLXLIM LX Limit Voltage 0.7 — 1.3 V Note 2
IDD No Load Supply Current — 13 26 µAI
OUT =0,V
IN =V
OUT x 0.8 (Note3)
ICC Boost Mode Supply Current — 80 135 µA No external components,
VIN =(0.95xV
OUT) applied to PS (or VDD) input
ISTBY Standby Supply Current — 9 17 µA No external components,
VIN =(1.1xV
OUT) applied to PS (or VDD) input
ISD Shutdown Supply Current — — 0.5 µA SHDN =0V
fOSC Oscillator Frequency 85 100 115 kHz Note 2, Note 4
VOUT Output Voltage VRx0.975 V
RVRx1.025 V V
IN =2.2Vminimum(Note1)
RSWON LX Output ON Resistance — 1.4 2.4 ΩVLX =0.4V
PFMDUTY Duty Cycle
(PFM Operating Mode) 10 17 25 % No external components.
MAXDUTY Maximum Duty Cycle 80 87 92 % Note 4
tSS Soft Start Time 4 10 20 msec
ηEfficiency — 85 — %
VIH SHDN Input Logic High 0.75 — — V
VIL SHDN Input Logic Low — — 0.20 V
Note 1: VRis the nominal factory-programmed output voltage setting.
2: VLXLIM is the voltage on the LX pin (with internal switch ON) that will cause the oscillator to run at twice nominal frequency in to limit the
switch current through the internal N-channel switching transistor.
3: Measured with D1 = MA735 (reverse current < 1µA at a reverse voltage of 10V).
4: With TC115 operating in PWM mode.
5: See Section 3.4 “Behavior When VIN is Greater Than the Factory-Programmed VOUT Setting”.
2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21361B-page 3
TC115
2.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS
ThedescriptionsofthepinsarelistedinTable2-1.
TABLE 2-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE
Pin No.
(SOT-89-5) Symbol Description
1 NC Not connected.
2 PS Power and voltage sense input. This dual function input provides both feedback voltage sensing
and internal chip power. It should be connected to the regulator output. (See Section 4.0,
Applications).
3 SHDN Shutdown input. A logic low on this input suspends device operation and supply current is
reducedtolessthan0.5µA. The device resumes normal operation when SHDN is again brought
high.
4 LX Inductor switch output. LX is the drain of an internal N-channel switching transistor. This terminal
drives the external inductor, which ultimately provides current to the load.
5 GND Ground terminal.
TC115
DS21361B-page 4
2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
3.0 DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The TC115 is a combination PFM/PWM step-up
(boost) regulator. It is particularly useful in 1, 2 and 3
cell applications where the required output current is
140mA or less,and size/cost issues are a concern.The
device operates in PWM mode when the output load is
sufficient to demand a 10% (or greater) duty cycle.
While in PWM mode, the TC115 behaves as any other
PWM switching regulator, to a maximum duty cycle of
92%. At low output loads (i.e., output loads requiring
< 10% duty cycle to support); the TC115 automatically
switches to pulse frequency modulation (PFM)
operating mode with a fixed duty cycle of 25%, max,
(17%, typical). While in PFM mode, the inductor is
modulated with individual fixed width pulses only as
needed to maintain output voltage. This action reduces
supply current, thereby improving power efficiency at
low output loads.
3.1 Input Power and Sensing
The TC115 is powered from the PS input, which must
be connected to the regulated output as shown in
Figure 4-1. PS also senses output voltage for closed-
loop regulation. Start-up current is furnished through
the inductor when input voltage is initially applied. This
action starts the oscillator, causing the voltage at the
PS input to rise, bootstrapping the regulator into full
operation.
3.2 Output Diode
For best results, use a Schottky diode such as the
MA735, 1N5817, EC10 or equivalent. Connect the
diode between the PS and LX pins as close to the IC as
possible. Do not use ordinary rectifier diodes since the
higher forward voltages reduce efficiency.
3.3 Low Power Shutdown Mode
The TC115 enters a low power shutdown mode when
SHDN is brought low. While in shutdown, the oscillator
is disabled and the internal switch is shut off. Normal
regulator operation resumes when SHDN is brought
high. SHDN may be tied to the input supply if not used.
Note: Because the TC115 uses an external diode,
a leakage path between the input voltage
and the output node (through the inductor
and diode) exists while the regulator is in
shutdown. Care must be taken in system
design to assure the input supply is isolated
from the load during shutdown.
3.4 Behavior When VIN is Greater
Than the Factory-Programmed
VOUT Setting
The TC115 is designed to operate as a step-up
regulator only. As such, VIN isassumedtoalwaysbe
less than the factory-programmed VOUT setting (VR).
Operating the TC115 with VIN >V
Rcauses regulating
action to be suspended (and corresponding supply
current reduction to 9µA, typical) until VIN is again less
than VR. While regulating action is suspended, VIN is
connected to VOUT through the series combination of
the inductor andSchottky diode. Care mustbe taken to
add the appropriate isolation (MOSFET output switch
or post LDO with shutdown) during system design if
this VIN/VOUT leakage path is problematic.
2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21361B-page 5
TC115
4.0 APPLICATIONS
4.1 Input Bypass Capacitors
Using an input bypass capacitor reduces peak current
transients drawn from the input supply and reduces the
switching noise generated by the regulator. The source
impedance of the input supply determines the size of
the capacitor that should be used.
FIGURE 4-1: TC115 TYPICAL
APPLICATION
4.2 Inductor Selection
Selecting the proper inductor value is a trade-off
between physical size and power conversion require-
ments. Lower value inductors cost less, but result in
higher ripple current and core losses. They are also
more prone to saturate since the coil current ramps to
a higher value. Larger inductor values reduce both
ripple current and core losses,but are larger in physical
size and tend to increase the start-up time slightly.
Practical inductor values, therefore, range from 50µH
to 300µH. Inductors with a ferrite core (or equivalent)
are recommended. For highest efficiency, use an
inductor with a series resistance less than 20 mΩ).
The inductor value directly affects the output ripple
voltage. Equation 4-3 is derived as shown below, and
can be used to calculate an inductor value, given the
required output ripple voltage (VRIPPLE) and output
capacitor series resistance:
EQUATION 4-1:
where ESR is the equivalent series resistance of the
output filter capacitor, and VRIPPLE is in volts.
Expressing di in terms of switch ON resistance and
time:
EQUATION 4-2:
Solving for L:
EQUATION 4-3:
Care must be taken to ensure the inductor can handle
peak switching currents, which can be several times
load currents. Exceeding rated peak current will result
in core saturation and loss of inductance. The inductor
should be selected to withstand currents greater than
IPK (Equation 4-10) without saturating.
Calculating thepeak inductor current is straightforward.
Inductor current consists of an AC (sawtooth) current
centered on an average DC current (i.e., inputcurrent).
Equation 4-6 calculates the average DC current. Note
that minimum input voltage and maximum load current
values should be used:
EQUATION 4-4:
C1 L1
54
TC115
13
2
SHDN
PS
NC
C2
D1
GND LX
VOUT
VIN
OFF ON
(Tie to VIN or VOUT
if not used)
+
+
VRIPPLE ≈ESR(di)
VRIPPLE ≈ESR [(VIN –V
SW)tON]
L
≈ESR [(VIN –V
SW)tON]
VRIPPLE
L
=
Output Power
Efficiency
Input Power
TC115
DS21361B-page 6
2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
Re-writing in terms of input and output currents and
voltages:
EQUATION 4-5:
Solving for input curent:
EQUATION 4-6:
The sawtooth current is centered on the DC current
level; swinging equally above and below the DC current
calculated in Equation 4-6.The peak inductor currentis
the sum of the DC current plus half the AC current.
Note that minimum input voltage should be used when
calculating the AC inductor current (Equation 4-9).
EQUATION 4-7:
EQUATION 4-8:
EQUATION 4-9:
where: VSW = The voltage drop across the internal
N-channel MOSFET.
Combining the DC current calculated in Equation 4-6,
with half the peak AC current calculated in Equation 4-
9, the peak inductor current is given by:
EQUATION 4-10:
4.3 Internal Transistor Switch
The LX pin has a typical ON resistance of 1.4Ω,
therefore peak switch current is given by (VIN/1.4). The
internal transistor switch has a maximum design rating
of 350mA. An oscillator frequency doubling circuit is an
included guard against high switching currents. Should
the voltage on the LX pin rise above 1.3V, max, while
the internal N-channel switch is ON, the oscillator
frequency automatically doubles to minimize ON time.
Although reduced, switch current still flows because
the PWM remains in operation. Therefore, the LX input
is not internally current limited and care must be taken
never to exceed the 350mA maximum limit. Failure to
observe this will result in damage to the regulator.
4.4 Output Capacitor
The effective series resistance of the output capacitor
directly affects the amplitude of the output voltage
ripple. (The product of the peak inductor current and
the ESR determines output ripple amplitude.) There-
fore, a capacitor with the lowest possible ESR should
be selected. Smallercapacitors are acceptable for light
loads or in applications where ripple is not a concern.
The Sprague 595D series of tantalum capacitors are
among the smallest of all low ESR surface mount
capacitors available. Table 4-1 lists suggested
components and suppliers.
4.5 Board Layout Guidelines
As with all inductive switching regulators, the TC115
generates fast switching waveforms which radiate
noise. Interconnecting lead lengths should be
minimized to keep stray capacitance, trace resistance
and radiated noise as low as possible. In addition, the
GND pin, input bypass capacitor and output filter
capacitor ground leads should be connected to a single
point. The input capacitor should be placed as close to
power and ground pins of the TC115 as possible.
TABLE 4-1: SUGGESTED COMPONENTS AND SUPPLIERS
(VOUTMAX)(I
OUTMAX)
Efficiency
(VINMIN)(I
INMAX)=
(VOUTMAX)(IOUTMAX)
(Efficiency)(VINMAX)
IINMAX =
=L(di)
dt
V
=V(dt)
dt
di
[(VINMIN –V
SW)tON]
L
di =
IPK =I
INMAX +0.5(di)
Type Inductors Capacitors Diodes
Surface Mount Sumida
CD54 Series
CDR125 Series
Coiltronics
CTX Series
Matsuo
267 Series
Sprague
595D Series
Nichicon
F93 Series
Nihon
EC10 Series
Matsushita
MA735 Series
Through-Hole Sumida
RCH855 Series
RCH110 Series
Renco
RL1284-12
Sanyo
OS-CON Series
Nichicon
PL Series
ON Semiconductor
1N5817 - 1N5822
2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21361B-page 7
TC115
FIGURE 4-2: TYPICAL RIPPLE WAVEFORMS
TC115301
VIN = 2.5V
ILOAD = 80mA
CH1: VOUT (DC)
CH2: VOUT (AC Ripple)
L = 100µH
C = 47µF
D1 = MA735
TC115301
VIN = 2.0V
ILOAD = 40mA
CH1: VOUT (DC)
CH2: VOUT (AC Ripple)
L = 100µH
C = 47µF
D1 = MA735
TC115301
VIN = 1.0V
ILOAD = 10mA
CH1: VOUT (DC)
CH2: VOUT (AC Ripple)
L = 100µH
C = 47µF
D1 = MA735
TC115
DS21361B-page 8
2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
5.0 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Unless Otherwise Specified, All Parts Are Measured At Temperature = 25°C)
Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of
samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are
not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified
operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range.
OU
TP
U
T
CU
RRENT
I
OU
T
(
mA
)
OU
TP
U
T V
O
LTA
G
E V
OU
T
(
V
)
Output Volta
g
e vs. Output Curren
t
T
C
11
530
1EM
T
4
0
80
1
2
0
1
60
2
00
OU
TP
U
T
CU
RRENT
I
O
U
T
(
mA
)
3
.
1
2.
9
2.7
2.
5
E
FFICIENCY
(
%
)
4
0
80
12
0
1
60
2
00
OU
TP
U
T
CU
RRENT
I
OUT
(
mA
)
1.
0
1.2
1.4
1
.
6
1.
8
2.
0
INP
U
T V
O
LTA
G
E
V
IN
(
V
)
2
00
1.5
V
V
IN
= 1.
0V
L
1
= 1
00
µ
H
C
2 = 4
7
µ
F
(
Tantalum
)
RIPPLE VOLTAGE Vr
(
mVp-p
)
INPUT CURRENT IIN (µA)
1
50
1
00
50
2.
0V
1
00
80
60
4
0
2
0
0
V
IN
= 1.
0V
1.5V
2.
0V
L
1
= 1
00
µ
H
µ
4
0
80
12
0
1
60
2
00
1
00
80
60
4
0
1
0
0
L
1
= 1
00
µ
H
µ
L
1
= 1
00
µ
H
µ
2.
0V
1.5V
V
V
IN
= 1.
0V
Efficienc
y
vs. Output Curren
t
T
C
11
530
1EM
T
No Load Input Current vs. Input Volta
ge
T
C
11
530
1EM
T
Ripple Volta
g
e vs. Output Curren
t
T
C
11
530
1EM
T
2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21361B-page 9
TC115
6.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION
6.1 Package Marking Information
Example: For TC115331, the marking code is:
Symbol
(100kHz) Voltage
11.
22.
33.
44.
55.
66.
1represents product classification; TC115 = 1
2represents first integer of voltage and frequency
Symbol
(100kHz) Voltage
0.0
1.1
2.2
3.3
4.4
5.5
6.6
7.7
8.8
9.9
3represents first decimal of voltage and frequency
4represents production lot ID code
3X
3
1
TC115
DS21361B-page 10
2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
6.2 Taping Form
6.3 Package Dimensions
Component Taping Orientation for 5-Pin SOT-89 Devices
Package Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size
5-Pin SOT-89 12 mm 8 mm 1000 7 in
Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size
User Direction of Feed
Device
Marking
PIN 1
Standard Reel Component Orientation
TR Suffix Device
(Mark Right Side Up)
W
P
.071 (1.80)
.055
(
1.40
)
.019 (0.48)
.014 (0.32)
.181 (4.60)
.173 (4.40)
.019 (0.48)
.014 (0.36)
.021 (0.53)
.016 (0.41)
.063 (1.60)
.055 (1.40)
.031 (0.80) MIN.
.102
(
2.60
)
.094
(
2.40
)
.016
(
0.40
)
REF
.
PIN 1
.177 (4.50) MAX.
.017 (0.44)
.014 (0.37)
.063 (1.60)
.055 (1.40)
SOT-89-5
Dimensions: inches (mm)
2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21361B-page11
TC115
Sales and Support
Data Sheets
Products supported by a preliminary Data Sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and recom-
mended workarounds. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please contact one of the following:
1. Your local Microchip sales office
2. The Microchip Corporate Literature Center U.S. FAX: (480) 792-7277
3. The Microchip Worldwide Site (www.microchip.com)
Please specify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (include Literature #) you are using.
New Customer Notification System
Register on our web site (www.microchip.com/cn) to receive the most current information on our products.
TC115
DS21361B-page12 2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
NOTES:
2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21361B-page 13
TC115
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is intended through suggestion only
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
No representation or warranty is given and no liability is
assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect
to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of
patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such
use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical com-
ponents in life support systems is not authorized except with
express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are con-
veyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property
rights.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, FilterLab,
KEELOQ,microID,MPLAB,PIC,PICmicro,PICMASTER,
PICSTART, PRO MATE, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control
Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Tech-
nologyIncorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.
dsPIC, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB,
In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, microPort,
Migratable Memory, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM,
MXDEV, MXLAB, PICC, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, rfPIC, Select
Mode and Total Endurance are trademarks of Microchip
Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Serialized Quick Turn Programming (SQTP) is a service mark
of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
© 2002, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the
U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
Printed on recycled paper.
Microchip received QS-9000 quality system
certification for its worldwide headquarters,
design and wafer fabrication facilities in
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and Mountain View, California in March 2002.
The Company’s quality system processes and
procedures are QS-9000 compliant for its
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design and manufacture of development
systems is ISO 9001 certified.
DS21361B-page 14
2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
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Benex S-1 6F
3-18-20, Shinyokohama
Kohoku-Ku, Yokohama-shi
Kanagawa, 222-0033, Japan
Tel: 81-45-471- 6166 Fax: 81-45-471-6122
Korea
Microchip Technology Korea
168-1, Youngbo Bldg. 3 Floor
Samsung-Dong, Kangnam-Ku
Seoul, Korea 135-882
Tel: 82-2-554-7200 Fax: 82-2-558-5934
Singapore
Microchip Technology Singapore Pte Ltd.
200 Middle Road
#07-02 Prime Centre
Singapore, 188980
Tel: 65-6334-8870 Fax: 65-6334-8850
Taiwan
Microchip Technology Taiwan
11F-3, No. 207
Tung Hua North Road
Taipei, 105, Taiwan
Tel: 886-2-2717-7175 Fax: 886-2-2545-0139
EUROPE
Denmark
Microchip Technology Nordic ApS
Regus Business Centre
Lautrup hoj 1-3
Ballerup DK-2750 Denmark
Tel: 45 4420 9895 Fax: 45 4420 9910
France
Microchip Technology SARL
Parc d’Activite du Moulin de Massy
43 Rue du Saule Trapu
Batiment A - ler Etage
91300 Massy, France
Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20 Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79
Germany
Microchip Technology GmbH
Gustav-Heinemann Ring 125
D-81739 Munich, Germany
Tel: 49-89-627-144 0 Fax: 49-89-627-144-44
Italy
Microchip Technology SRL
Centro Direzionale Colleoni
Palazzo Taurus 1 V. Le Colleoni 1
20041 Agrate Brianza
Milan, Italy
Tel: 39-039-65791-1 Fax: 39-039-6899883
United Kingdom
Microchip Ltd.
505 Eskdale Road
Winnersh Triangle
Wokingham
Berkshire, England RG41 5TU
Tel: 44 118 921 5869 Fax: 44-118 921-5820
05/01/02
WORLDWIDE SALES AND SERVICE