AP3105D
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AP3105D
A Product Line of
Diodes Incorporated
COST EFFECTIVE GREEN PWM CONTROLLER
Description
The AP3105D is a low startup current, current mode PWM controller
with green-mode power-saving operation. The PWM switching
frequency at normal operation is set with 65kHz. When the load
decreases, the frequency will reduce and when at a very low load, the
IC will enter the „burst mode‟ to minimize switching loss.
About 20kHz frequency switching is to avoid the audible noise as well
as reducing the standby loss. The skip mode point can be adjusted
through the external resistor connected to the current sense resistor.
The AP3105D features a lot of functions such as the Leading-Edge
Blanking (LEB) of the current sensing, internal slope compensation
and several protection functions including cycle-by-cycle current limit
(OCP), VCC Over Voltage Protection (VOVP), OTP and OLP
protection. The versatile latch function can be set by the customer
through few components.
This IC is available in SOT-23-6 package.
Features
Very Low Start-up Current
Current Mode Control
Non-audible-noise Green-mode Control
Skip Mode Adjustable
Internal Slope Compensation
Soft Start During Startup Process
Frequency Fold Back for High Average Efficiency
Secondary Short Winding Protection with FOCP
Soft Switching for Reducing EMI
VCC Maintain Mode
Latch Function for OTP
Useful Pin Fault Protection:
SENSE Pin Floating
CTRL Pin Short to Ground
FB/Opto-coupler Open/Short
Comprehensive System Protection Feature:
VCC Over Voltage Protection (VOVP)
Over Load Protection (OLP)
Mini Size with Packages
Pin to Pin Compatible with AP3103
Pin Assignments
(Top View)
SOT-23-6 (K Package)
Applications
Audio Power Supply
AC/DC Switching Power Supply
AP3105D
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Typical Applications Circuit
~
~
+
-
VCC
GND
GATE
FB
SENSE
CTRL
~
AZ431
AP3105D
L2
T1
R13 C7
C6
C8
R14
R15
R16 R17
R18
C9
U2
C10
R12R11
R10
R9
R8
C5
R6
R19
C4
R5
R4
C2
C1
VR1
U1
NTC
R2 R3
F1
R7
C3
C11
NTC
R20
Pin Descriptions
Pin Number
Pin Name
Function
1
GND
Signal ground. Current return for driver and control circuits
2
FB
Feedback. Directly connected to the opto-coupler
3
CTRL
Latch trigger if this pin voltage drops below a threshold or over another threshold, leave CTRL pin
open if this function is not needed. Connecting a NTC thermistor to GND can achieve OTP
protection
4
SENSE
Current Sense
5
VCC
Supply voltage of driver and control circuits
6
GATE
Gate driver output
AP3105D
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Functional Block Diagram
GND
GATE
250ns LEB
Driver 13V
QD
CLKRB
DFF
OSC
0.85V
VCC_OVP
OLP
VCC
32V
28V
VCC_OVPOVP
UVLO
UVLO
15.5V
8.6V Internal
Bias
0.5V
Auto
Recovery
Protection
AP3105D
100μA
Line
Compensation
FB
R
2R
Burst
PWM
1.1V
Soft Start
0.5V
CTRL_H
1.8V
Latch-off
Protection
OCP
32mS Delay
OLP
FOCP
FOCP
2.5V
3.6V0.6V
10K
CTRL_H
CTRL_L
CTRL_L
1
2
53
6
CTRL
SENSE
4
AP3105D
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Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Symbol
Parameter
Rating
Unit
VCC
Power Supply Voltage
30
V
IO
Gate Output Current
350
mA
VFB, VSENSE, VCTRL
Input Voltage to FB, SENSE, CTRL
-0.3 to 7
V
θJA
Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient)
250
°C /W
PD
Power Dissipation at TA < +25°C
500
mW
TJ
Operating Junction Temperature
-40 to +150
°C
TSTG
Storage Temperature Range
+150
°C
–
ESD (Human Body Model)
3000
V
–
ESD (Machine Model)
300
V
Note 1: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied.
Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Recommended Operating Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
VCC
Supply Voltage
10
25
V
AP3105D
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Electrical Characteristics (@TA = +25°C, VCC = 16V, unless otherwise specified.)
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Supply Voltage (VCC Pin)
ISTARTUP
Startup Current
–
2
5
25
μA
ICC
Operating Supply Current
VFB=0V, CL=1nF
0.5
0.85
1.2
mA
VFB=3V, CL=0nF
0.6
1.2
2.0
–
UVLO (on)
–
14.5
15.5
16.5
V
–
VCC Maintain
–
9.7
10.2
10.7
V
–
UVLO (off)
–
7.6
8.6
9.6
V
–
VCC OVP
–
27
28.5
30
V
–
VCC Clamp
ICC=5mA
31
34
–
V
PWM Section/Oscillator Section
–
Maximum Duty Cycle
–
70
75
80
%
–
Oscillation Frequency
–
60
65
70
kHz
–
Green Mode Frequency
–
20
–
30
kHz
–
Frequency Temperature
Stability
-20oC to 125oC (Note 2)
–
–
5
%
–
Frequency Voltage Stability
VCC=12V to 30V
–
–
3
%
Current Sense Section (SENSE Pin)
VCS
Maximum SENSE Voltage
VFB=3.6V
0.85
0.9
0.95
V
–
FOCP Voltage
–
1.65
1.8
1.95
V
–
LEB Time of SENSE
–
150
250
350
ns
–
Delay to Output (Note 2)
–
–
100
–
ns
–
Soft-start Time
–
3
5
8
ms
Feedback Input Section (FB Pin)
–
The Ratio of Input Voltage to
Current Sense Voltage
–
2.5
3
3.5
V/V
–
Input Impedance
–
7
10
13
kΩ
–
Source Current
VFB=0V
-0.75
-0.5
-0.25
mA
–
Green Mode Threshold
–
–
2
–
V
–
Input Voltage for Zero Duty
–
1.3
1.55
1.8
V
Output Section (GATE Pin)
–
Output Low Level
IO=20mA, VCC=12V
–
–
1
V
–
Output High Level
IO=20mA, VCC=12V
8
–
–
V
–
Output Clamping
–
11
13
15
V
–
Rising Time (Note 2)
CL=1nF, VCC=13V
–
150
250
ns
–
Falling Time (Note 2)
CL=1nF, VCC=13V
–
50
100
ns
AP3105D
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Electrical Characteristics (Cont.) (@TA = +25°C, VCC = 16V, unless otherwise specified.)
Protection Section (CTRL Pin)
–
Source Current
–
90
100
110
μA
–
Internal Reference Voltage
–
–
1.5
–
V
–
Low Threshold Trigger for
Latch
–
0.47
0.5
0.53
V
–
High Threshold Trigger for
Latch
–
2.35
2.5
2.65
V
–
Pull-up Current (Note 3)
–
–
–
2
mA
Delay Time Section
–
Delay of Short Circuit
Protection
–
22
32
40
ms
–
Delay of Hiccup Protection
VCC OVP
–
25
–
μs
Notes: 2. Guaranteed by design.
3. The sourcing current of CTRL pin must be limited below 5mA.Otherwise it may cause permanent damage to the device.
AP3105D
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-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
Startup Current (A)
Ambient Temperature (oC)
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
16.5
17.0
17.5
18.0
Startup Voltage (V)
Ambient Temperature (oC)
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
Shutdown Voltage (V)
Ambient Temperature (oC)
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Operating Current (mA)
Ambient Temperature (oC)
Performance Characteristics
Startup Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Shutdown Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
Startup Current vs. Ambient Temperature Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature
CTRL Utilization
CTRL
VCC
NTC
Option
CTRL
VCC
NTC
Option
VCC
CTRL
NTC
Option
OVP and OTP OVP OTP
AP3105D
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Operation Description
The AP3105D is specifically designed for off-line AC-DC power supply used in audio power supply applications. It offers a cost effective solution
with a versatile protection function.
Start-up Current and UVLO
The start-up current of AP3105D is optimized to realize ultra-low current (5μA typical) so that VCC capacitor can be charged more quickly. The
direct benefit of low start-up current is the availability of using large start-up resistor, which minimizes the resistor power loss for high voltage AC
input.
An UVLO comparator is included in AP3105D to detect the voltage on VCC pin. It ensures that AP3105D can draw adequate energy from hold-up
capacitor during power-on. The turn-on threshold is 15.5V and the turn-off threshold is 8.6V.
Current Sense Comparator and PWM Latch
The AP3105D operates as a current mode controller, the output switch conduction is initiated by every oscillator cycle and is terminated when the
peak inductor current reaches the threshold level established by the FB pin. The inductor current signal is converted to a voltage signal by
inserting a reference sense resistor RS. The inductor current under normal operating conditions is controlled by the voltage at FB pin. The relation
between peak inductor current (IPK) and VFB is:
SFBPK R3/)8.0V(I
Moreover, FOCP with 1.8V threshold is only about 100ns delay, which can avoid some catastrophic damages such as secondary rectifier short
test. Few drive cycles can alleviate the destruction range and get better protection.
Leading-edge Blanking
A narrow spike on the leading edge of the current waveform can usually be observed when the power MOSFET is turned on. A 250ns leading-
edge blank is built-in to prevent the false-triggering caused by the turn-on spike. During this period, the current limit comparator is disabled and
the gate driver can not be switched off.
At the time of turning on the MOSFET, a negative undershoot (maybe larger than -0.3V) can occur on the SENSE pin. So it is strongly
recommended to add a small RC filter or at least connect a resistor “R” on this pin to protect the IC (Shown as Figure 1).
FB
SENSE
GATE
GND
CTRL 6
1
3
4
AP3105D
VCC
5
2
Large undershoot (more than
-0.3V) may damage the SENSE pin
R
C
Necessary
Figure 1
Built-in Slope Compensation
It is well known that a continuous current mode SMPS may become unstable when the duty cycle exceeds 50%. The built-in slope compensation
can improve the stability, so there is no need for design engineer to spend much time on that.
FB Pin and Short Circuit Protection
This pin is normally connected to the opto-coupler and always paralleled with a capacitor for loop compensation. When the voltage at this pin is
greater than 4.2V and lasts for about 32ms, the IC will enter the protection mode. The system will enter hiccup mode to wait the VCC decreasing
AP3105D
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Operation Description (Cont.)
to low UVLO level, then the IC will try to restart until the failure removed. And when this voltage is less than 1.55V, the IC will stop the drive pulse
immediately. Therefore, this feature can be used for short circuit protection, which makes the system immune from damage. Normally, output
short makes the VFB value to the maximum because the opto-coupler is cut off.
VCC Maintain Mode
During light load or step load , VFB will drop and be lower than 1.55V, thus the PWM drive signal will be stopped, and there is no more new
energy transfered due to no switching. Therefore, the IC supply voltage may reduce to the shutdown threshold voltage and system may enter the
unexpected restart mode. To avoid this, the AP3105D hold a so-called VCC maintain mode which can supply energy to VCC.
When VCC decreases to a setting threshold, the VCC maintain comparator will output some drive signal to make the system switch and provide a
proper energy to VCC pin. The VCC maintain function will cooperate the PWM and burst mode loop which can make the output voltage variation
be within the regulation. This mode is very useful for reducing startup resistor loss and achieve a better standby performance with a low value
VCC capacitor. The VCC is not easy to touch the shutdown threshold during the startup process and step load. This will also simplify the system
design. The normal VCC voltage is suggested to be designed a little higher than VCC maintain threshold thus can achieve the best balance
between the standby and step load performance.
System Protection and Pin Fault Protection
The AP3105D provides versatile system and pin fault protections. The OCP comparator realizes the cycle-by-cycle current limiting (OCP). In
universal input line voltage, the IC realizes the constant over load protection (OLP). VCC over voltage protection can be applied as the primary
OVP or opto-coupler broken protection. The AP3105D also has pin fault connection protection including floating and short connection. The
floating pin protection includes the SENSE, FB, etc. The short pin protection includes the CTRL pin short protection. When these pins are floated
or CTRL pin is shorted to ground, PWM switching will be disabled, thus protecting the power system.
Latch Protection Function
For some applications, the system requires the latch protection function. The CTRL pin has two kinds of modes to trigger the latch protection:
high level trigger and low level trigger. The low threshold is 0.5V and high threshold voltage is 2.5V. Some version will have only one mode.
Once the latch protection is triggered, the IC will disable the output signal, and the bulk capacitor provides the energy to IC through the startup
resistor to ensure the IC disable the output (latch mode). This mode will not be released until the AC input is shut off. So, the de-latch time is
mainly depending on the HV startup bulk capacitor value. Therefore, if the system want a short de-latch time, it is better for the startup resistor
take power from the point before the rectifier bridge as illustrated in below figure.
VCC
GND
FB
CTRLAP3105D
SENSE
AC Mains
(90V to 265V) CBUS
GATE
1
2
3
4
56
AP3105D
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Ordering Information
AP3105D X XX - XX
Packing
Package
TR : Tape & Reel
K : SOT-23-6 G1 : Green
Product Name RoHS/Green
Diodes IC‟s Pb-free products with "G1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant and green.
Package
Part Number
Marking ID
Packing Type
SOT-23-6
AP3105DKTR-G1
GKE
Tape & Reel
Protection Functions
Frequency
VOVP
OLP & SOCP
CTRL (Low)
CTRL (High)
65kHz
Auto-Recoverable
Auto-Recoverable
Latch
Auto-Recoverable
AP3105D
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Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm(inch).)
(1) Package Type: SOT-23-6
2.820(0.111)
3.100(0.122)
2.650(0.104)
3.000(0.118)
1.500(0.059)
1.700(0.067)
0.950(0.037)TYP
1.800(0.071)
2.000(0.079)
0.300(0.012)
0.500(0.020)
0.700(0.028)REF
0.100(0.004)
0.200(0.008)
0°
8°
0.200(0.008)
0.300(0.012)
0.600(0.024)
0.000(0.000)
0.150(0.006)
0.900(0.035)
1.300(0.051) 1.450(0.057)
MAX
1 2 3
4
5
6
Pin 1 Mark
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Suggested Pad Layout
(1) Package Type: SOT-23-6
E E
GZ
Y
X
Dimensions
Z
(mm)/(inch)
G
(mm)/(inch)
X
(mm)/(inch)
Y
(mm)/(inch)
E
(mm)/(inch)
Value
3.600/0.142
1.600/0.063
0.700/0.028
1.000/0.039
0.950/0.037
AP3105D
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