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Optimum Technology Matching® Applied
GaAs HBT
InGaP HBT
GaAs MESFET
SiGe BiCMOS
Si BiCMOS
SiGe HBT
GaAs pHEMT
Si CMOS
Si BJT
GaN HEMT
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
Functional Block Diagram
RF MICRO DEVICES®, RFMD®, Optimum Technology Matching®, Enabling Wireless Connectivity™, PowerStar®, POLARIS™ TOTAL RADIO™ and UltimateBlue™ are trademarks of RFMD, LLC. BLUETOOTH is a trade-
mark owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc., U.S.A. and licensed for use by RFMD. All other trade names, trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. ©2006, RF Micro Devices, Inc.
Product Description
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
Ordering Information
GND
QREF
IREF
ISIG
QSIG
GND
VCC
PD
RF OUT
GND
GND
GND
VCC
GND
GND
LO
-45°
+45°
5
13
12
11
10
14
786 9
15161
2
3
4
RF2484
DIRECT QUADRATURE MODULATOR
The RF2484 is a monolithic integrated quadrature modulator IC capable
of universal direct modulation for high-frequency AM, PM, or compound
carriers. This low-cost IC features excellent linearity, noise floor, and
over-temperature carrier suppression performance. The device imple-
ments differential amplifiers for the modulation inputs, 90° carrier phase
shift network, carrier limiting amplifiers, two matched double-balanced
mixers, summing amplifier, and an output RF amplifier which will drive
50 from 800MHz to 2500MHz. It is packaged in a small industry-stan-
dard QFN 16-pin plastic package.
Features
Typical Carrier
Suppression>35dBc, Side-
band Suppression>35dBc
over temperature with highly
linear operation
Noise Floor better than -
152dBm/Hz from 800MHz to
2200MHz
Single 5V Power Supply
Applications
Dual-Band CDMA Base Sta-
tions
TDMA/TDMA-EDGE Base Sta-
tions
GSM-EDGE/EGSM Base Sta-
tions
W-CDMA Base Stations
WLAN and WLL Systems
GMSK,QPSK,DQPSK,QAM
Modulation
RF2484 Direct Quadrature Modulator
RF2484PCBA-410 Fully Assembled Evaluation Board
DS111219
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
RF2484Direct
Quadrature
Modulator
RoHS Compliant & Pb-Free Product
Package Style: QFN, 16-pin, 4x4
2 of 12
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter Rating Unit
Supply Voltage -0.5 to +7.5 VDC
Input LO and RF Levels +10 dBm
Operating Ambient Temperature -40 to +85 °C
Storage Temperature -40 to +150 °C
Parameter Specification Unit Condition
Min. Typ. Max.
LO Input T=25°C, VCC=5V, VREF=4.1V; I and Q driven
single-ended
Frequency Range 800 2500 MHz
Power Level -6 +6 dBm
Input Impedance 45-j95 At 880MHz
52-j54 At 1960MHz
58-j50 At 2140MHz
63-j40 At 2400MHz
Modulation Input
Frequency Range DC 250 MHz
Reference Voltage (VREF)4.1V
Input Resistance 30 k
Input Bias Current 40 A
RF Output (880MHz) LO= -5dBm at 880MHz; Single sideband test-
ing unless otherwise noted
CDMA Output Channel Power -12 dBm For ACPR=-72dBc; I&Q Amplitude=1.1VPP
(single-ended)
CDMA ACPR -72 dBc Channel Power=-12dBm; see Test Setup for
detailed information
Carrier Suppression 50 dBc T=25°C; POUT=-10dBm; optimized I,Q DC off-
sets
Carrier Suppression
over Temperature
35 dBc Temperature cycled from -40°C to +85°C after
optimization at T=25°C; POUT=-10dBm
Sideband Suppression 50 dBc T=25°C; POUT=-10dBm; optimized I,Q ampli-
tude and phase balance
Sideband Suppression
over Temperature
35 dBc Temperature cycled from -40°C to +85°C after
optimization at T=25°C; POUT=-10dBm
Broadband Noise Floor -152.5 dBm/Hz At 20MHz offset, 30kHz res BW, VCC =5V; ISIG,
QSIG, IREF, and QREF tied to VREF
EVM 2.3 % See Test Setup for detailed information
Phase Error 1 ° RMS See Test Setup for detailed information
Rho .9993 See Test Setup for detailed information
Output Impedance 28-j72
Caution! ESD sensitive device.
Exceeding any one or a combination of the Absolute Maximum Rating conditions may
cause permanent damage to the device. Extended application of Absolute Maximum
Rating conditions to the device may reduce device reliability. Specified typical perfor-
mance or functional operation of the device under Absolute Maximum Rating condi-
tions is not implied.
RoHS status based on EUDirective2002/95/EC (at time of this document revision).
The information in this publication is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no
responsibility is assumed by RF Micro Devices, Inc. ("RFMD") for its use, nor for any
infringement of patents, or other rights of third parties, resulting from its use. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of
RFMD. RFMD reserves the right to change component circuitry, recommended appli-
cation circuitry and specifications at any time without prior notice.
3 of 12
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
Parameter Specification Unit Condition
Min. Typ. Max.
RF Output (1960MHz) LO=-5dBm at 1960MHz; Single sideband test-
ing unless otherwise noted
PCS CDMA Output Power -13 dBm For ACPR=-72dBc; I&Q Amplitude=1.2VPP
(single-ended)
PCS CDMA ACPR -72 dBc Channel Power=-13dBm; see Test Setup for
detailed information
Carrier Suppression 50 dBc T=25°C; POUT=-13dBm; optimized I,Q DC off-
sets
Carrier Suppression
over Temperature
35 dBc Temperature cycled from -40°C to +85°C after
optimization at T=25°C; POUT=-13dBm
Sideband Suppression 50 dBc T=25°C; POUT=-13dBm; optimized I,Q ampli-
tude and phase balance
Sideband Suppression
over Temperature
35 dBc Temperature cycled from -40°C to +85°C after
optimization at T=25°C; POUT=-13dBm
Broadband Noise Floor -154.5 dBm/Hz At 20MHz offset, 30kHz res BW, VCC =5V; ISIG,
QSIG, IREF, and QREF tied to VREF
EVM 2.3 % See Test Setup for detailed information
Phase Error 1 ° RMS See Test Setup for detailed information
Rho .9988 See Test Setup for detailed information
Output Impedance 46-j22
RF Output (2140MHz) LO= -5dBm at 2140MHz; Single sideband test-
ing unless otherwise noted
W-CDMA Output Channel Power -16 dBm For ACPR=-60dBc; I&Q Amplitude=1.4VPP
(single-ended)
W-CDMA ACPR -60 dBc Channel Power=-16dBm; see Test Setup for
detailed information
Carrier Suppression 50 dBc T=25°C; POUT=-13dBm; optimized I,Q DC off-
sets
Carrier Suppression
over Temperature
35 dBc Temperature cycled from -40°C to +85°C after
optimization at T=25°C; POUT=-13dBm
Sideband Suppression 50 dBc T=25°C; POUT=-13dBm; optimized I,Q ampli-
tude and phase balance
Sideband Suppression
over Temperature
35 dBc Temperature cycled from -40°C to +85°C after
optimization at T=25°C; POUT=-13dBm
Broadband Noise Floor -152 dBm/Hz At 20MHz offset, 30kHz res BW, VCC =5V; ISIG,
QSIG, IREF, and QREF tied to VREF
EVM 5.9 % See Test Setup for detailed information
Phase Error 2.4 ° RMS See Test Setup for detailed information
Rho .9961 See Test Setup for detailed information
Output Impedance 58-j16
Power Down
Turn On/Of f Time 100 ns
PD Input Resistance 50 k
Power Control “ON” 2.8 V Threshold voltage
Power Control “OFF” 1.0 1.2 V Threshold voltage
4 of 12
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
Parameter Specification Unit Condition
Min. Typ. Max.
Power Supply
Voltage 5.0 V Specifications
4.5 6.0 V Operating Limits
Current 66 70 mA
25 APower Down
5 of 12
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
Pin Function Description Interface Schematic
1GND
Ground connection. This pin should be connected directly to the ground
plane.
2GND
Same as pin 1.
3GND
Same as pin 1.
4LO
The input of the phase shifting network. This pin has an internal DC block-
ing capacitor. This port is voltage-driven so matching at different frequen-
cies is generally not required.
5GND
Same as pin 1.
6VCC
Power supply. An external capacitor is needed if no other low frequency
bypass capacitor is nearby.
7PD
Power Down control. When this pin is "low," all circuits are shut off. A "low"
is typically 1.2V or less at room temperature.When this pin is "high" (VCC),
all circuits are operating normally. If PD is below VCC, output power and
performance will be degraded. Operating in this region is not recom-
mended, although it might be useful in some applications where power
control is required.
8RF OUT
RF Output. This pin has an internal DC blocking capacitor. At some frequen-
cies, external matching may be needed to optimize output power. A small
amount of DC current may be present at this output. As a result, if the volt-
age at this pin is measured using a high impedance probe, some DC volt-
age may be observed at this output.
9GND
Same as pin 1.
10 VCC Same as pin 6.
11 GND Same as pin 1.
12 GND Same as pin 1.
13 Q SIG Baseband input to the Q mixer. This pin is DC coupled. The input drive level
determines output power and linearity performance; for better carrier sup-
pression, sideband suppression, and dynamic range, the drive level should
be as high as possible to meet the required linearity performance. The rec-
ommended DC level for this pin is 4.1V.
For optimum carrier suppression, the DC voltages on I REF, Q REF, I SIG
and Q SIG should be adjusted slightly to compensate for inherent unde-
sired internal DC offsets; for optimum sideband suppression, phase and
signal amplitude on IREF, Q REF, I SIG and Q SIG should be adjusted
slightly to compensate for inherent undesired internal offsets. See RFMD
AN0001 for more detail.
14 I SIG Baseband input to the I mixer. This pin is DC coupled. The input drive level
determines output power and linearity performance; for better carrier sup-
pression, sideband suppression, and dynamic range, the drive level should
be as high as possible to meet the required linearity performance. The rec-
ommended DC level for this pin is 4.1V; see pin 13 for more information.
15 I REF Reference voltage for the I mixer. This voltage should be the same as the
DC voltage supplied to the I SIG pin. A voltage of 4.1V is recommended;
see pin 13 for more information.
The SIG and REF inputs are inputs of a differential amplifier. Therefore the
REF and SIG inputs are interchangeable. If swapping the I SIG and I REF
pins, the Q SIG and Q REF also need to be swapped to maintain the correct
phase. It is also possible to drive the SIG and REF inputs in a differential
mode. This will increase the gain.
LO
200
PD
VCC
RF OUT
100
1 p
VCC
100
1 p
VCC
100
1 p
VCC
6 of 12
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
Package Drawing
Pin Function Description Interface Schematic
16 Q REF Reference voltage for the Q mixer. This voltage should be the same as the
DC voltage supplied to the Q SIG pin. A voltage of 4.1V is recommended;
see pin 13 for more information.
Pkg
Base
GND Ground connection. The package base should be connected to the ground
plane.
100
1 p
VCC
12°
MAX
0.05
0.00 0.75
0.65
1.00
0.90 C0.05
Dimensions in mm.
Shaded pin is lead 1.
A
4.00
2.00
1.50
SQ. 4.00
2
2.00
1.60
2 PLCS
0.10 C A
2 PLCS
0.10 CABM
3.20
2 PLCS
0.75
0.50
0.10 C B
2 PLCS
-B-
0.80
TYP
0.45
0.28
0.10 C A
2 PLCS
3.75
3.75
0.10 C B
2 PLCS
INDEX AREA
7 of 12
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
CDMA/W-CDMA Test Setup
General
The above setup was used to evaluate the RF2484 under CDMA and W-CDMA modulation conditions. An AMIQ was required to
provide the appropriate DC reference voltage (4.1V) for the I and Q pins. I and Q were driven single-endedly; differential drive
may improve performance. A PC-controlled Rohde & Schwarz AMIQ generated the CDMA I and Q signals. In order to reduce
AMIQ noise contributions to adjacent channel power, W-CDMA baseband signals were filtered using a high order low pass filter
before application to the RF2484.
EVM, Phase Error, and Rho
To measure EVM, phase error, and Rho, signals were generated using the AMIQ and decoded with the Agilent VSA. For CDMA
Cellular and PCS, I and Q input signals were generated with the Pilot Channel active, 32x oversampling and base station equi-
filters. For W-CDMA, the Common Pilot Channel was active with 8x oversampling and a root cosine filter. In all cases, relative
signal amplitude levels were adjusted to optimize signal quality.
CDMA Modulation Setup (Cellular and PCS)
To measure ACPR, I and Q input signals were generated using the following settings:
• Pilot Channel active
• Sync Channel active
• Paging Channel active
• 6 Traffic Channels ac tive
• 32x Oversampling
• Base Station equifilter
W-CDMA Modulation Setup
To measure W-CDMA ACPR, I and Q input signals were generated using the following settings in the AMIQ:
• P-CPICH (Common Pilot Channel) active
• P-SCH (Sync Channel) active
• P-CCPCH (Primary Common Control Physical Channel) active
• P-ICH (Page Indicator Channel) Active
• DL-DPCCH (Dedicated Physical Control Channel) active
• 6 DPCH (Dedicated Phy sic al Channels) active
•8x Oversampling
Rohde & Schwarz
AM IQ 1110.2003 .02
RF2484
Evaluation Board
Rohde & Schwarz
FSIQ 1119.6001.26
Hewlett-Packard
8665B
I SIG
RF OUT
LO IN
I REF Q SIG Q REF
Agilent 66332A VCC
VPD Agilent 89441
Vector Signal A nalyzer
8 of 12
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
Application Schematic
9 of 12
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
Evaluation Board Schematic
VCC
VREF/QREF
IREF
C8
100 nF
C7
3 pF
C6
100 nF
C5
3 pF
C2
100 nF
C1
3 pF
C3
3 pF C4
100 nF
J2
LO
J1
RFOUT
VCC
J4
QSIG
J3
ISIG
R1a*
0
R1
0
U1
-45°
+45°
5
13
12
11
10
14
7 86 9
15161
2
3
4
P1
1
2
3
CON3
P1-1 VCC
GND
GND
P2
1
2
3
CON3
P2-3 IREF
GND
P2-1 VREF/QREF
2484400-
NOTES:
1. R1 is installed for non-independent control of I and Q
reference voltages.
R1a gives independent control of reference vo ltages.
2. Componen ts with * following the reference de signator
should not be populated on the evaluation board.
10 of 12
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
Evaluation Board Layout
Board Size 2.0" x 2.0"
Board Thickness 0.028”, Board Material FR-4
11 of 12
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
RF2484 Cellular CDMA Spectra at Various Output Levels
(ACPR @ 8 85k Hz, Vcc = 5.0V, Vref = 4.1V, T = 25°C)
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
877.5 878 878.5 879 879.5 880 880.5 881 881.5 882 882.5
Fr equen cy (MHz)
Power (dBm)
CP = - 10.6 dBm;
A
CPR = -70 dBc
CP = - 12.0 dBm;
A
CPR = -72 dBc
CP = - 14.7 dBm;
A
CPR = -73 dBc
CP = -9.5 dBm;
A
CPR = -68 dBc
Note: Below ~-90dBm,
test setup noise inhibits accurate
A
CP measurem ent.
RF2484 PCS CDMA Spectra at Various Output Levels
(ACPR @ 885 kHz, Vcc = 5.0 V, Vref = 4. 1V, T = 25°C)
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
1957.5 1958 1958.5 1959 1959.5 1960 1960.5 1961 1961.5 1962 1962.5
Fr equen cy (MHz)
Power (dBm)
CP = -12.9 dBm;
A
CPR = - 7 2 dBc
CP = -14.3 dBm;
A
CPR = - 7 3 dBc
CP = -11.1 dBm;
A
CPR = - 7 1 dBc
RF2484 Output Power versus I, Q Input Voltage Level
(Vcc = 5.0V, Vref = 4. 1V, T = 25°C, Sing le Sideband)
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
I, Q Input Voltage Level (mVp)
SSB Output Power (dBm)
880 M H z
1960 M Hz
2140 M Hz
RF2484 Output Channel Power vs I, Q Input Voltage Le vel
(Vcc = 5.0V, Vref = 4.1V, T = 25°C, CDMA/W-CDMA Mod.)
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500
I, Q Inpu t Volta ge Lev el (mVpp)
Output Channel Power (dBm)
880 M H z CDMA Sign al
1960 M H z CDMA Sign al
2140 M H z W-CDMA Sign al
12 of 12
RF2484
DS111219
7628 Thorndike Road, Greensboro, NC 27409-9421 · For sales or technical
support, contact RFMD at (+1) 336-678-5570 or sales-support@rfmd.com.
NOT FOR NEW DESIGNS
RoHS Compliant: Yes
Packag e tota l weight in grams
0.037
Compliance Date Code: 526
Bill of Materials Revision: -
Pb Free Category: e3
Pb Cd Hg Cr VI PBB PBDE
Die 000000
Molding Compound 000000
Lead Frame 000000
Die Atta ch Epoxy 000000
Wire 000000
Solder Plating 000000
* DIRECTIVE 2002/95/EC O F THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE CO UNCIL of 27 January 2003 on the restriction of the
use of certai n ha zardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment
RoHS* Banned Mater ial Content
Bill of Materials Parts Per Mil lion (PPM)
This RoHS banned material content declaration was prepared solely on information, including analytical data,
provided to RFMD by its suppliers, and applies to the Bill of Materials (BOM) revision noted above.