Order this document by LM317M/D The LM317M is an adjustable three-terminal positive voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 500 mA over an output voltage range of 1.2 V to 37 V. This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, it employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area compensation, making it essentially blow-out proof. The LM317M serves a wide variety of applications including local, on-card regulation. This device also makes an especially simple adjustable switching regulator, a programmable output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output, the LM317M can be used as a precision current regulator. * Output Current in Excess of 500 mA * * * * * * MEDIUM CURRENT THREE-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATOR SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A Heatsink surface connected to Pin 2 (All 3 Packages) Pin 1. Adjust 2. Vout 3. Vin 1 Output Adjustable between 1.2 V and 37 V 2 Internal Thermal Overload Protection 3 Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting Output Transistor Safe-Area Compensation DT-1 SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 369 (DPAK) Floating Operation for High Voltage Applications 1 Eliminates Stocking Many Fixed Voltages 2 3 DT SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 369A (DPAK) Simplified Application Vin Vin LM317M IAdj Vout Adjust Vout ORDERING INFORMATION Device ** +C O 1.0F R2 * = Cin is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter. ** = CO is not needed for stability, however, it does improve transient response. Vout + 1.25 V 1 ) RR21 ) IAdj R2 Since IAdj is controlled to less than 100 A, the error associated with this term is negligible in most applications. Operating Temperature Range Package TJ = 0 to +125C Plastic Power TJ = -40 to +125C Plastic Power LM317MDT LM317MADT LM317MDT-1 LM317MADT-1 TJ = 0 to 125C DPAK LM317MBDT LM317MABDT LM317MBDT-1 LM317MABDT-1 TJ = -40 to 125C DPAK LM317MT LM317MAT LM317MBT# LM317MABT# # Automotive temperature range selections are # available with special test conditions and additional # tests. Contact your local Motorola sales office for # information. Motorola, Inc. 1998 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 3 Heatsink Surface (shown as terminal 4 in case outline drawing) is connected to Pin 2. R1 240 * Cin 0.1F 1 Rev4 1 LM317M, LM317MA MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted.) Rating Input-Output Voltage Differential Power Dissipation (Package Limitation) (Note 1) Plastic Package, T Suffix TA = 25C Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Air Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case Plastic Package, DT Suffix TA = 25C Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Air Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case Operating Junction Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Symbol Value Unit VI-VO 40 Vdc PD JA JC Internally Limited 70 5.0 C/W C/W PD JA JC Internally Limited 92 5.0 C/W C/W TJ - 40 to +125 C Tstg - 65 to +150 C NOTE: 1. Figure 23 provides thermal resistance versus pc board pad size. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VI-VO = 5.0 V; IO = 0.1 A, TJ = Tlow to Thigh [Note 1], unless otherwise noted.) Characteristics Figure Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Line Regulation (Note 2) TA = 25C, 3.0 V VI-VO 40 V 1 Regline - 0.01 0.04 %/V Load Regulation (Note 2) TA = 25C, 10 mA IO 0.5 A VO 5.0 V VO 5.0 V 2 Regload - - 5.0 0.1 25 0.5 mV % VO 3 IAdj - 50 100 A 1,2 IAdj - 0.2 5.0 A 3 Vref 1.200 1.225 1.250 1.250 1.300 1.275 V Line Regulation (Note 2) 3.0 V VI-VO 40 V 1 Regline - 0.02 0.07 %/V Load Regulation (Note 2) 10 mA IO 0.5 A VO 5.0 V VO 5.0 V 2 Regload - - 20 0.3 70 1.5 mV % VO Temperature Stability (Tlow TJ Thigh) 3 TS - 0.7 - % VO Minimum Load Current to Maintain Regulation (VI-VO = 40 V) 3 ILmin - 3.5 10 mA Maximum Output Current VI-VO 15 V, PD Pmax VI-VO = 40 V, PD Pmax, TA = 25C 3 Imax 0.5 0.15 0.9 0.25 - - RMS Noise, % of VO TA= 25C, 10 Hz f 10 kHz - N - 0.003 - Ripple Rejection, VO = 10 V, f = 120 Hz (Note 3) Without CAdj CAdj = 10 F 4 RR - 66 65 80 - - Long-Term Stability, TJ = Thigh (Note 4) TA= 25C for Endpoint Measurements 3 - 0.3 1.0 Adjustment Pin Current Adjustment Pin Current Change 2.5 V VI-VO 40 V, 10 mA IL 0.5 A, PD Pmax Reference Voltage 3.0 V VI-VO 40 V, 10 mA IO 0.5 A, PD Pmax LM317M: LM317MA: S A % VO dB %/1.0 k Hrs. NOTES: 1. Tlow to Thigh = 0 to +125C for LM317M Tlow to Thigh = - 40 to +125C for LM317MB 2. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used. 3. CAdj, when used, is connected between the adjustment pin and ground. 4. Since Long-Term Stability cannot be measured on each device before shipment, this specification is an engineering estimate of average stability from lot to lot. 2 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA LM317M, LM317MA Representative Schematic Diagram Vin 300 300 300 3.0k 300 70 6.8V 6.8V 350 18k 8.67k 500 130 400 5.1k 200k 6.3V 180 180 2.0k 6.0k 60 10 pF 10 pF 1.25 Vout 2.4k 12.8k 50 Adjust Figure 1. Line Regulation and IAdj/Line Test Circuit VCC Line Regulation (%/V) = * VOH - VOL x 100 VOL VIH VIL Vin LM317M Adjust Cin 0.1F * Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA VOH VOL Vout IAdj R1 240 1% RL + CO 1.0F R2 1% 3 LM317M, LM317MA Figure 2. Load Regulation and IAdj/Load Test Circuit Load Regulation (mV) = VO (min Load) -VO (max Load) Load Regulation (% VO) = Vin Vin Vout LM317M Adjust VO (min Load) - VO (max Load) VO (min Load) X 100 VO (min Load) VO (max Load) IL R1 RL (max Load) 240 1% RL (min Load) * + Cin 0.1F CO IAdj 1.0F R2 1% * Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. Figure 3. Standard Test Circuit Vin Vout LM317M IL Adjust 240 1% R1 VI IAdj Vref RL + 0.1F Cin 1F CO VO ISET R2 1% To Calculate R2: Vout = ISET R2 + 1.250 V Assume ISET = 5.25 mA *Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. Figure 4. Ripple Rejection Test Circuit 24V Vout Vin 14V f = 120 Hz Vout = 10 V LM317M Adjust Cin R1 240 1% D1 * 1N4002 CO 0.1F R2 1.65K 1% ** CAdj RL + 1.0F VO + 10F * D1 Discharges CAdj if Output is Shorted to Ground. **CAdj provides an AC ground to the adjust pin. 4 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA LM317M, LM317MA Figure 5. Load Regulation Figure 6. Ripple Rejection 0.4 Vin = 45 V Vout = 5.0 V IL = 5.0 mA to 40 mA 0.2 RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) V out , OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%) 90 0 -0.2 Vin = 10 V Vout = 5.0 V IL = 5.0 mA to 100 mA -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 150 80 Without CAdj = 10 F 70 Without CAdj 60 IL = 100 mA f = 120 Hz Vout = 10 V Vin = 14 V to 24 V 50 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) Figure 7. Current Limit Figure 8. Dropout Voltage V in -Vout , INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (V) Iout , OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 1.0 0.80 0.60 TJ = 25C 0.40 TJ = 125C 0.20 2.5 IL = 500 mA 2.0 IL = 100 mA 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 10 20 30 40 Vin-Vout, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (V) 50 -50 Figure 9. Minimum Operating Current 100 4.5 90 4.0 3.5 3.0 TJ = 25C 2.5 TJ = 125C 2.0 1.5 1.0 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 150 Figure 10. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency 5.0 RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) IB , QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) 150 IL = 40 mA Vin = 5.0 V 1.0 VPP Vout = 1.25 V 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0.5 0 10 20 30 40 Vin-Vout, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M f, FREQUENCY (Hz) 5 LM317M, LM317MA Figure 11. Temperature Stability Figure 12. Adjustment Pin Current IAdj, ADJUSTMENT PIN CURRENT ( A) Vref, REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 1.260 1.250 1.240 Vin = 4.2 V Vout = Vref IL = 5.0 mA 1.230 80 Vin = 6.25 V Vout = Vref IL = 10 mA IL = 100 mA 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 1.220 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) -50 150 -25 Vin = 4.25 V to 41.25 V Vout = Vref IL = 5.0 mA 0.2 -0.2 100 125 150 -0.4 -0.6 125 150 8.0 6.0 -0.8 4.0 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 150 -50 1.0 CL = 1.0 F Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) 1.5 25 50 75 100 3.0 1.5 2.0 1.0 CL = 1.0 F; CAdj = 10 F 0 Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V INL = 50 mA TJ = 25C -1.0 0 -2.0 -0.5 Vout = 10 V IL = 50 mA TJ = 25C -1.0 -1.5 CL = 0 Vin 0.5 0 10 CL = 0.3 F; CAdj = 10 F -3.0 1.0 0 0 Figure 16. Load Transient Response Figure 15. Line Transient Response 0.5 -25 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) I L , LOAD CURRENT (A) Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) 75 Bandwidth 100 Hz to 10 kHz 0 -50 Vin , INPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (V) 50 10 -1.0 6 25 Figure 14. Output Noise NOISE VOLTAGE ( V) Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%) Figure 13. Line Regulation 0.4 0 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 20 t, TIME (s) 30 40 1.0 IL 0.5 0 0 10 20 t, TIME (s) 30 40 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA LM317M, LM317MA APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Basic Circuit Operation The LM317M is a three-terminal floating regulator. In operation, the LM317M develops and maintains a nominal 1.25 V reference (Vref) between its output and adjustment terminals. This reference voltage is converted to a programming current (IPROG) by R1 (see Figure 17), and this constant current flows through R2 to ground. The regulated output voltage is given by: Vout + Vref 1 ) RR21 ) IAdj R2 Since the current from the terminal (IAdj) represents an error term in the equation, the LM317M was designed to control IAdj to less than 100 A and keep it constant. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output terminal. This imposes the requirement for a minimum load current. If the load current is less than this minimum, the output voltage will rise. Since the LM317M is a floating regulator, it is only the voltage differential across the circuit which is important to performance, and operation at high voltages with respect to ground is possible. Figure 17. Basic Circuit Configuration Vin Vout LM317M + R1 Vref Adjust External Capacitors A 0.1 F disc or 1.0 F tantalum input bypass capacitor (Cin) is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line impedance. The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to improve ripple rejection. This capacitor (CAdj) prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. A 10 F capacitor should improve ripple rejection about 15 dB at 120 Hz in a 10 V application. Although the LM317M is stable with no output capacitance, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. An output capacitance (CO) in the form of a 1.0 F tantalum or 25 F aluminum electrolytic capacitor on the output swamps this effect and insures stability. Protection Diodes When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Figure 18 shows the LM317M with the recommended protection diodes for output voltages in excess of 25 V or high capacitance values (CO > 25 F, CAdj > 5.0 F). Diode D1 prevents CO from discharging thru the IC during an input short circuit. Diode D2 protects against capacitor CAdj discharging through the IC during an output short circuit. The combination of diodes D1 and D2 prevents CAdj from discharging through the IC during an input short circuit. Figure 18. Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes IPROG Vout IAdj D1 R2 1N4002 Vref = 1.25 V Typical Vin Vout Vout LM317M Load Regulation The LM317M is capable of providing extremely good load regulation, but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. For best performance, the programming resistor (R1) should be connected as close to the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which effectively appear in series with the reference, thereby degrading regulation. The ground end of R2 can be returned near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA + R1 Cin Adjust D2 CO 1N4002 R2 CAdj 7 LM317M, LM317MA Figure 19. Adjustable Current Limiter +25V Vout LM317M D1 IO 1.25k Vin Adjust 1N4002 500 Vin Vin D1 1N914 R2 * To provide current limiting of IO to the system ground, the source of the current limiting diode must be tied to a negative voltage below - 7.25 V. R2 VO R1 Figure 20. 5 V Electronic Shutdown Regulator Vout + 1.0F 120 D2 1N914 Adjust MPS2222 720 1.0k 1N5314 Vref IDSS D1 protects the device during an input short circuit. VO < POV + 1.25 V + VSS ILmin - IP < IO < 500 mA - IP As shown O < IO < 495 mA Figure 21. Slow Turn-On Regulator Vout 240 Adjust Figure 22. Current Regulator Vout LM317M R2 TTL Control Minimum Vout = 1.25 V VSS* Vref R1 = IOmax + IDSS Vin Vout LM317M R1 Vin 1N4001 Iout LM317M Vout 50k MPS2907 R2 IAdj Adjust + 10F Vref R1 + R2 Ioutmax = + IAdj V ^ R1.25 1 + R2 5.0 mA < Iout < 100 mA 2.4 JUNCTION-TO-AIR (C/W) R JA, THERMAL RESISTANCE 100 PD(max) for TA = 50C Free Air Mounted Vertically 90 2.0 IIII IIII IIII IIII 80 Minimum Size Pad 70 60 50 2.0 oz. Copper L 1.6 L 1.2 0.8 0.4 RJA 0 40 0 5.0 10 15 20 25 PD, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W) Figure 23. DPAK Thermal Resistance and Maximum Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length 30 L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm) 8 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA LM317M, LM317MA OUTLINE DIMENSIONS T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A-06 ISSUE Y -T- B F SEATING PLANE C T S 4 DIM A B C D F G H J K L N Q R S T U V Z A Q 1 2 3 U H K Z L R V NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIMENSION Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED. J G D N INCHES MIN MAX 0.570 0.620 0.380 0.405 0.160 0.190 0.025 0.035 0.142 0.147 0.095 0.105 0.110 0.155 0.018 0.025 0.500 0.562 0.045 0.060 0.190 0.210 0.100 0.120 0.080 0.110 0.045 0.055 0.235 0.255 0.000 0.050 0.045 --- --- 0.080 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 14.48 15.75 9.66 10.28 4.07 4.82 0.64 0.88 3.61 3.73 2.42 2.66 2.80 3.93 0.46 0.64 12.70 14.27 1.15 1.52 4.83 5.33 2.54 3.04 2.04 2.79 1.15 1.39 5.97 6.47 0.00 1.27 1.15 --- --- 2.04 DT-1 SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 369-07 (DPAK) ISSUE K C B V E R NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 4 A 1 2 3 S -T- K SEATING PLANE J F H D G 3 PL 0.13 (0.005) MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA M DIM A B C D E F G H J K R S V INCHES MIN MAX 0.235 0.250 0.250 0.265 0.086 0.094 0.027 0.035 0.033 0.040 0.037 0.047 0.090 BSC 0.034 0.040 0.018 0.023 0.350 0.380 0.175 0.215 0.050 0.090 0.030 0.050 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 5.97 6.35 6.35 6.73 2.19 2.38 0.69 0.88 0.84 1.01 0.94 1.19 2.29 BSC 0.87 1.01 0.46 0.58 8.89 9.65 4.45 5.46 1.27 2.28 0.77 1.27 T 9 LM317M, LM317MA OUTLINE DIMENSIONS DT SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 369A-13 (DPAK) ISSUE Y -T- C B V E R 4 Z A S 1 2 3 U K F J L H D G NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. SEATING PLANE 2 PL 0.13 (0.005) M DIM A B C D E F G H J K L R S U V Z INCHES MIN MAX 0.235 0.250 0.250 0.265 0.086 0.094 0.027 0.035 0.033 0.040 0.037 0.047 0.180 BSC 0.034 0.040 0.018 0.023 0.102 0.114 0.090 BSC 0.175 0.215 0.020 0.050 0.020 --- 0.030 0.050 0.138 --- MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 5.97 6.35 6.35 6.73 2.19 2.38 0.69 0.88 0.84 1.01 0.94 1.19 4.58 BSC 0.87 1.01 0.46 0.58 2.60 2.89 2.29 BSC 4.45 5.46 0.51 1.27 0.51 --- 0.77 1.27 3.51 --- T Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. 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