9
HV9964
Supertex inc.
www.supertex.com
Doc.# DSFP-HV9964
A100112
The slope compensation resistor is chosen to provide the
required amount of slope compensation required to maintain
stability.
RSC = DS
fS • 180µA
Soft Start
Soft start of the LED current can be achieved by connect-
ing a capacitor at the SS pin. The rate of voltage rise of
SS pin limits the LED current’s rate of rise. Upon start-up,
the capacitance at the COMP network is being charged by
the 200μA sourcing current of the transconductance ampli-
er. Without the soft-start function, this larger current would
cause the COMP voltage to increase faster than the boost
converter’s response time, causing overshoots in the LED
current during start-up. The SS pin is used to prevent these
LED current overshoots by limiting the COMP voltage slew
rate. A capacitor at the soft start pin programs this slew rate.
dVSS =
2V
dt CSS • RT
The HV9964 includes a latch which clamps the SS pin to
ground, but releases it upon the rst PWMD rising edge after
power-on. This ensures soft start for the LED current inde-
pendent of the power sequencing between VIN and PWMD.
DIS Output
The DIS pin is used to control a load switch when driving
boost and SEPIC converters. In the case of boost convert-
ers, when there is a short circuit fault at the output, there is a
direct path from the input source to ground which can cause
high currents to ow. The load switch is used to interrupt this
path and prevent damage to the converter. The load switch
also helps to disconnect the output lter capacitors for the
boost and SEPIC converters from the LED load during PWM
dimming and enables a fast dimming transitions.
Fault Conditions and Hiccup Timer
The HV9964 is a robust controller which can protect the
LEDs and the LED driver in case of fault conditions. The
HV9964 includes both open LED protection and output short
circuit protection. In both cases, the HV9964 shuts down
and attempts a restart. The hiccup time is programmed by
the capacitor at the HCP pin. When a fault condition is de-
tected, both GT and DIS outputs are disabled. The COMP,
SS and HCP pins are pulled to GND. Once the voltage at
the HCP pin falls below 0.1V, and the fault condition(s) have
disappeared, the capacitor at the HCP pin is released and
is charged slowly by a current source proportional to the RT
current. The HCP timing capacitor is programmed as:
CHCP ≈
tHICCUP
RT
Once the capacitor is charged to 1.8V, the COMP and SS
pins are released and GT and DIS pins are allowed to turn
on. The HV9964 resumes operation, beginning with the soft-
start mode ensuring smooth recovery of the LED current.
Short Circuit Protection
When a short circuit condition is detected (output current be-
comes higher than twice the steady state current), the gate
and DIS outputs are pulled low. As soon as the load switch
is turned off, the output current goes to zero and the short
circuit condition disappears. At this time, the hiccup timer is
started. Once the timing is complete, the converter attempts
to restart. If the fault condition still persists, the converter
shuts down and goes through the cycle again. If the fault
condition is cleared (due to a momentary output short) the
converter will start regulating the output current normally.
This behavior of the HV9964 allows the LED driver to re-
cover from accidental shorts without having to power the IC
down. Note that the power rating of the LED current sense
resistor has to be chosen adequately to be able to survive a
persistent fault condition.
The power rating of the resistor can be determined using:
PRS ≥
ISAT
2RS (TBLANK,CS + TOFF)
=
ISAT
2RS • 0.95µs
RT RT
where ISAT is the saturation current of the disconnect FET.
Open Loop Detection
The HV9964 includes protection circuitry disabling the boost
converter when there is a short circuit between the anode
and cathode of the LED string. However, if the string is short-
ed to ground, the sense resistor RS is bypassed, causing the
IC to lose the feedback signal. The voltage at FB becomes
0V, and COMP rails to the AVDD potential. Nevertheless, the
boost converter keeps on running, producing a potentially
damaging LED current.
To detect and to prevent this type of a fault, an open loop de-
tection circuit is added. If COMP > AVDD - 0.3V, and FB < 0.1V
simultaneously, then a discharge current of 15µA is activated at