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FEATURES DESCRIPTION
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
VO1
IN1−
BYPASS
GND
VDD
VO2
IN2−
SHUTDOWN
D OR DGN PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
Audio
Input
Bias
Control
8
1
7
4
VO1
VO2
VDD
5
2
3
6
IN1−
BYPASS
SHUTDOWN
VDD/2
CI
RI
RF
C(BYP)
C(S)
Audio
Input
CI
RIIN2−
RF
VDD
From Shutdown
Control Circuit
−
+
−
+
C(C)
C(C)
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
150-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
•150-mW Stereo Output
The TPA6111A2 is a stereo audio power amplifierpackaged in either an 8-pin SOIC or an 8-pin•PC Power Supply Compatible
PowerPAD™ MSOP package capable of delivering– Fully Specified for 3.3-V and
150 mW of continuous RMS power per channel into5-V Operation
16-Ωloads. Amplifier gain is externally configured by– Operation to 2.5 V
means of two resistors per input channel and doesnot require external compensation for settings of 0 to•Pop Reduction Circuitry
20 dB.•Internal Midrail Generation
THD+N, when driving a 16-Ωload from 5 V, is 0.03%•Thermal and Short-Circuit Protection
at 1 kHz, and less than 1% across the audio band of•Surface-Mount Packaging
20 Hz to 20 kHz. For 32-Ωloads, the THD+N is– PowerPAD™ MSOP
reduced to less than 0.02% at 1 kHz, and is less than1% across the audio band of 20 Hz to 20 kHz. For– SOIC
10-kΩloads, the THD+N performance is 0.005% at 1•Pin Compatible With TPA122, LM4880, and
kHz, and less than 0.5% across the audio band of 20LM4881 (SOIC)
Hz to 20 kHz.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of TexasInstruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Copyright © 2000–2004, Texas Instruments IncorporatedProducts conform to specifications per the terms of the TexasInstruments standard warranty. Production processing does notnecessarily include testing of all parameters.
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the deviceplaced in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGED DEVICES
MSOPT
A
SMALL OUTLINE
(1)
MSOP
(1)
SYMBOLIZATION(D) (DGN)
–40°C to 85°C TPA6111A2D TPA6111A2DGN TI AJA
(1) The D and DGN package is available in left-ended tape and reel only (e.g., TPA6111A2DR,TPA6111A2DGNR).
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
I/O DESCRIPTIONNAME NO.
BYPASS 3 I Tap to voltage divider for internal mid-supply bias supply. Connect to a 0.1-µF to 1-µF low ESR capacitorfor best performance.GND 4 I GND is the ground connection.IN1– 2 I IN1– is the inverting input for channel 1.IN2– 6 I IN2– is the inverting input for channel 2.SHUTDOWN 5 I Puts the device in a low quiescent current mode when held highV
DD
8 I V
DD
is the supply voltage terminal.V
O1
1 O V
O1
is the audio output for channel 1.V
O2
7 O V
O2
is the audio output for channel 2.
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
(1)
UNIT
V
DD
Supply voltage 6 VV
I
Input voltage –0.3 V to V
DD
+ 0.3 VContinuous total power dissipation internally limitedT
J
Operating junction temperature range –40°C to 150°CT
stg
Storage temperature range –65°C to 150°CLead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds 260°C
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratingsonly, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operatingconditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
T
A
≤25°C DERATING FACTOR T
A
= 70°C T
A
= 85°CPACKAGE
POWER RATING ABOVE T
A
= 25°C POWER RATING POWER RATING
D 725 mW 5.8 mW/°C 464 mW 377 mWDGN 2.14 W
(1)
17.1 mW/°C 1.37 W 1.11 W
(1) See the Texas Instruments document, PowerPAD Thermally Enhanced Package Application Report(literature number SLMA002), for more information on the PowerPAD package. The thermal data wasmeasured on a PCB layout based on the information in the section entitled Texas InstrumentsRecommended Board for PowerPAD on page 33 of the before-mentioned document.
2
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RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
AC OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
MIN MAX UNIT
V
DD
Supply voltage 2.5 5.5 VT
A
Operating free-air temperature –40 85 °CV
IH
High-level input voltage (SHUTDOWN) 60% x V
DD
VV
IL
Low-level input voltage (SHUTDOWN) 25% x V
DD
V
at V
DD
= 3.3 V, T
A
= 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
V
OO
Output offset voltage 10 mVPSRR Power supply rejection ratio V
DD
= 3.2 V to 3.4 V 70 dBI
DD
Supply current SHUTDOWN (pin 5) = 0 V 1.5 3 mAI
DD(SD)
Supply current in shutdown mode SHUTDOWN (pin 5) = V
DD
1 10 µAZ
i
Input impedance > 1 MΩ
V
DD
= 3.3 V, T
A
= 25°C, R
L
= 16 Ω
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
P
O
Output power (each channel) THD ≤0.1%, f = 1 kHz 60 mWTHD+N Total harmonic distortion + noise P
O
= 40 mW, 20 Hz – 20 kHz 0.4%B
OM
Maximum output power BW G = 20 dB, THD < 5% > 20 kHzPhase margin Open loop 96°Supply ripple rejection f = 1 kHz, C
(BYP)
= 0.47 µF 71 dBChannel/channel output separation f = 1 kHz, P
O
= 40 mW 89 dBSNR Signal-to-noise ratio P
O
= 50 mW, A
V
= 1 100 dBV
n
Noise output voltage A
V
= 1 11 µV(rms)
at V
DD
= 5.5 V, T
A
= 25°C
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
V
OO
Output offset voltage 10 mVPSRR Power supply rejection ratio V
DD
= 4.9 V to 5.1 V 70 dBI
DD
Supply current SHUTDOWN (pin 5) = 0 V 1.6 3.2 mAI
DD(SD)
Supply current in shutdown mode SHUTDOWN (pin 5) = V
DD
1 10 µA|I
IH
| High-level input current (SHUTDOWN) V
DD
= 5.5 V, V
I
= V
DD
1 µA|I
IL
| Low-level input current (SHUTDOWN) V
DD
= 5.5 V, V
I
= 0 V 1 µAZ
i
Input impedance > 1 MΩ
3
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AC OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
AC OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
AC OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
V
DD
= 5 V, T
A
= 25°C, R
L
= 6 Ω
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
P
O
Output power (each channel) THD ≤0.1%, f = 1 kHz 150 mWTHD+N Total harmonic distortion + noise P
O
= 100 mW, 20 Hz – 20 kHz 0.6%B
OM
Maximum output power BW G = 20 dB, THD < 5% > 20 kHzPhase margin Open loop 96°Supply ripple rejection ratio f = 1 kHz, C
(BYP)
= 0.47 µF 61 dBChannel/channel output separation f = 1 kHz, P
O
= 100 mW 90 dBSNR Signal-to-noise ratio P
O
= 100 mW, A
V
= 1 100 dBV
n
Noise output voltage A
V
= 1 11.7 µV(rms)
V
DD
= 3.3 V, T
A
= 25°C, R
L
= 32 Ω
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
P
O
Output power (each channel) THD ≤0.1%, f = 1 kHz 35 mWTHD+N Total harmonic distortion + noise P
O
= 40 mW, 20 Hz – 20 kHz 0.4%B
OM
Maximum output power BW G = 20 dB, THD < 2% > 20 kHzPhase margin Open loop 96°Supply ripple rejection f = 1 kHz, C
(BYP)
= 0.47 µF 71 dBChannel/channel output separation f = 1 kHz, P
O
= 25 mW 75 dBSNR Signal-to-noise ratio P
O
= 90 mW, A
V
= 1 100 dBV
n
Noise output voltage A
V
= 1 11 µV(rms)
V
DD
= 5 V, T
A
= 25°C, R
L
= 32 Ω
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
P
O
Output power (each channel) THD ≤0.1%, f = 1 kHz 90 mWTHD+N Total harmonic distortion + noise P
O
= 20 mW, 20 Hz – 20 kHz 2%B
OM
Maximum output power BW G = 20 dB, THD < 2% > 20 kHzPhase margin Open loop 97°Supply ripple rejection f = 1 kHz, C
(BYP)
= 0.47 µF 61 dBChannel/channel output separation f = 1 kHz, P
O
= 65 mW 98 dBSNR Signal-to-noise ratio P
O
= 90 mW, A
V
= 1 104 dBV
n
Noise output voltage A
V
= 1 11.7 µV(rms)
4
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
20 20k100 1k 10k
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 25 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 32 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
10 100
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
VDD = 3.3 V,
RL = 32 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
50
PO − Output Power − mW
20 Hz
1 kHz
20 kHz
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
Table of Graphs
FIGURE
vs Frequency 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13,THD+N Total harmonic distortion plus noise
vs Output power 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14Supply ripple rejection ratio vs Frequency 15, 16V
n
Output noise voltage vs Frequency 17, 18Crosstalk vs Frequency 19–24Shutdown attenuation vs Frequency 25, 26Open-loop gain and phase margin vs Frequency 27, 28Output power vs Load resistance 29, 30I
DD
Supply current vs Supply voltage 31SNR Signal-to-noise ratio vs Voltage gain 32Power dissipation/amplifier vs Load power 33, 34
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISEvs vsFREQUENCY OUTPUT POWER
Figure 1. Figure 2.
5
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20 20k100 1k 10k
0.001
10
0.01
0.05
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 60 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 32 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V AV = −5 V/V
AV = −10 V/V
10 500
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
VDD = 5 V,
RL = 32 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
100
PO − Output Power − mW
1 kHz
20 Hz
20 kHz
20 20k100 1k 10k
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 100 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 10 kΩ,
AV = −1 V/V
AV = −10 V/V
AV = −1 V/V
AV = −5 V/V
20 20k100 1k 10k
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 100 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 10 kΩ
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISEvs vsFREQUENCY OUTPUT POWER
Figure 3. Figure 4.
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISEvs vsFREQUENCY FREQUENCY
Figure 5. Figure 6.
6
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20 20k100 1k 10k
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 60 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 8 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
10 500
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
VDD = 3.3 V,
RL = 8 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
100
PO − Output Power − mW
1 kHz
20 Hz
20 kHz
20 20k100 1k 10k
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 150 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 8 kΩ
AV = −10 V/V
AV = −1 V/V AV = −5 V/V
10 500
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
VDD = 5 V,
RL = 8 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
PO − Output Power − mW
1 kHz
20 kHz
100
20 Hz
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISEvs vsFREQUENCY OUTPUT POWER
Figure 7. Figure 8.
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISEvs vsFREQUENCY OUTPUT POWER
Figure 9. Figure 10.
7
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20 20k100 1k 10k
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 40 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
10 500
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
VDD = 3.3 V,
RL =16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
PO − Output Power − mW
1 kHz
20 kHz
100
20 Hz
10 500
0.001
10
0.01
0.1
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
VDD = 5 V,
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
PO − Output Power − mW
1 kHz
20 Hz
20 kHz
100
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISEvs vsFREQUENCY OUTPUT POWER
Figure 11. Figure 12.
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISEvs vsFREQUENCY OUTPUT POWER
Figure 13. Figure 14.
8
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−120
0
−110
−100
−90
−80
−70
−60
−50
−40
−30
−20
−10
20 20k100 1k 10k
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 3.3 V,
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
0.1 µF
− Supply Ripple Rejection Ratio − dB
0.47 µF
1 µF
KSVR
Bypass = 1.65 V
− Supply Ripple Rejection Ratio − dBKSVR
−120
0
−110
−100
−90
−80
−70
−60
−50
−40
−30
−20
−10
20 20k100 1k 10k
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 5 V,
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
0.1 µF
Bypass = 2.5 V
1 µF
0.47 µF
100
10
120 20k100 1k 10k
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 5 V,
BW = 10 Hz to 22 kHz
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
AV = −10 V/V
− Output Noise Voltage −
VnVµ(RMS)
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION RATIOvs vsFREQUENCY FREQUENCY
Figure 15. Figure 16.
OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGEvs vsFREQUENCY FREQUENCY
Figure 17. Figure 18.
9
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−120
0
−110
−100
−90
−80
−70
−60
−50
−40
−30
−20
−10
20 20k100 1k 10k
f − Frequency − Hz
Crosstalk − dB
IN1− to VO2
IN2− to VO1
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 60 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 8 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
−120
0
−110
−100
−90
−80
−70
−60
−50
−40
−30
−20
−10
20 20k100 1k 10k
f − Frequency − Hz
Crosstalk − dB
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 60 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 32 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
IN1− to VO2
IN2− to VO1
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
CROSSTALK CROSSTALKvs vsFREQUENCY FREQUENCY
Figure 19. Figure 20.
CROSSTALK CROSSTALKvs vsFREQUENCY FREQUENCY
Figure 21. Figure 22.
10
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−100
−90
−80
−70
−60
−50
−40
−30
−20
−10
0
10 100 1 k 10 k 1 M
Shutdown Attenuation − dB
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 3.3 V,
RL = 16 Ω,
CB = 1 µF
−100
−90
−80
−70
−60
−50
−40
−30
−20
−10
0
10 100 1 k 10 k 1 M
Shutdown Attenuation − dB
f − Frequency − Hz
VDD = 5 V,
RL = 16 Ω,
CB = 1 µF
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
CROSSTALK CROSSTALKvs vsFREQUENCY FREQUENCY
Figure 23. Figure 24.
SHUTDOWN ATTENUATION SHUTDOWN ATTENUATIONvs vsFREQUENCY FREQUENCY
Figure 25. Figure 26.
11
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−40
−20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Open-Loop Gain − dB
− Phase Margin − Deg
1 k 10 k 100 k 1 M 10 M
−180
−150
−120
−90
−60
−30
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
f − Frequency − Hz
Phase
Gain
VDD = 3.3 V
RL = 10 kΩ
Φm
−40
−20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 k 10 k 100 k 1 M 10 M
−180
−150
−120
−90
−60
−30
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
Open-Loop Gain − dB
f − Frequency − Hz
Phase
Gain
VDD = 5 V
RL = 10 kΩ
− Phase Margin − DegΦm
50
25
08 12 16 20 32 36 40
75
100
45 52 56 64
− Output Power − mW
RL − Load Resistance − Ω
VDD = 3.3 V,
THD+N = 1%,
AV = −1 V/V
24 28 44 60
PO
0
50
100
150
200
250
8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64
RL − Load Resistance − Ω
VDD = 5 V,
THD+N = 1%,
AV = −1 V/V
− Output Power − mWPO
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
OPEN-LOOP GAIN AND PHASE MARGIN OPEN-LOOP GAIN AND PHASE MARGINvs vsFREQUENCY FREQUENCY
Figure 27. Figure 28.
OUTPUT POWER OUTPUT POWERvs vsLOAD RESISTANCE LOAD RESISTANCE
Figure 29. Figure 30.
12
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5
− Supply Current − mAIDD
VDD − Supply Voltage − V
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
12345678910
SNR − Signal-to-Noise Ratio − dB
AV − Voltage Gain − V/V
VDD = 5 V
0
Power Dissipation/Amplifier − mW
Load Power − mW
80
40
20
080 120 180 200
10
30
50
14010020 6040 160
60
70
VDD = 3.3 V 8 Ω
16 Ω
64 Ω
32 Ω
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
SUPPLY CURRENT SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIOvs vsSUPPLY VOLTAGE VOLTAGE GAIN
Figure 31. Figure 32.
POWER DISSIPATION/AMPLIFIER
vsLOAD POWER
Figure 33.
13
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0Load Power − mW
180
100
60
080 120 180 200
40
80
120
14010020 6040 160
140
160 VDD = 5 V 8 Ω
16 Ω
64 Ω
32 Ω
20
Power Dissipation/Amplifier − mW
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
POWER DISSIPATION/AMPLIFIER
vsLOAD POWER
Figure 34.
14
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APPLICATION INFORMATION
GAIN SETTING RESISTORS, R
F
and R
i
Gain RF
RI
(1)
Effective Impedance RFRI
RFRI
(2)
fc(lowpass) 1
2RFCF
(3)
INPUT CAPACITOR, C
i
fc(highpass) 1
2RICI
(4)
CI1
2RIfc(highpass)
(5)
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
The gain for the TPA6111A2 is set by resistors R
F
and R
I
according to Equation 1 .
Given that the TPA6111A2 is a MOS amplifier, the input impedance is high. Consequently, input leakagecurrents are not generally a concern, although noise in the circuit increases as the value of R
F
increases. Inaddition, a certain range of R
F
values is required for proper start-up operation of the amplifier. Taken together itis recommended that the effective impedance seen by the inverting node of the amplifier be set between 5 kΩand 20 kΩ. The effective impedance is calculated in Equation 2 .
As an example, consider an input resistance of 20 kΩand a feedback resistor of 20 kΩ. The gain of the amplifierwould be –1 and the effective impedance at the inverting terminal would be 10 kΩ, which is within therecommended range.
For high-performance applications, metal film resistors are recommended because they tend to have lower noiselevels than carbon resistors. For values of R
F
above 50 kΩ, the amplifier tends to become unstable due to a poleformed from R
F
and the inherent input capacitance of the MOS input structure. For this reason, a smallcompensation capacitor of approximately 5 pF should be placed in parallel with R
F
. In effect, this creates alow-pass filter network with the cutoff frequency defined in Equation 3 .
For example, if R
F
is 100 kΩand C
F
is 5 pF, then f
c(lowpass)
is 318 kHz, which is well outside the audio range.
In the typical application, input capacitor C
I
is required to allow the amplifier to bias the input signal to the properdc level for optimum operation. In this case, C
i
and R
I
form a high-pass filter with the corner frequencydetermined in Equation 4 .
The value of C
I
is important to consider, as it directly affects the bass (low-frequency) performance of the circuit.Consider the example where R
I
is 20 kΩand the specification calls for a flat bass response down to 20 Hz.Equation 4 is reconfigured as Equation 5 .
In this example, C
I
is 0.40 µF, so one would likely choose a value in the range of 0.47 µF to 1 µF. A furtherconsideration for this capacitor is the leakage path from the input source through the input network (R
I
, C
I
) andthe feedback resistor (R
F
) to the load. This leakage current creates a dc offset voltage at the input to the amplifierthat reduces useful headroom, especially in high-gain applications (> 10). For this reason a low-leakage tantalumor ceramic capacitor is the best choice. When polarized capacitors are used, the positive side of the capacitorshould face the amplifier input in most applications, as the dc level there is held at V
DD
/2, which is likely higherthan the source dc level. Note that it is important to confirm the capacitor polarity in the application.
15
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POWER SUPPLY DECOUPLING, C
(S)
MIDRAIL BYPASS CAPACITOR, C
(BYP)
1
C(BYP) 230 kΩ1
CIRI
(6)
OUTPUT COUPLING CAPACITOR, C
(C)
fc1
2RLC(C)
(7)
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued)
The TPA6111A2 is a high-performance CMOS audio amplifier that requires adequate power supply decoupling toensure that the output total harmonic distortion (THD) is as low as possible. Power supply decoupling alsoprevents oscillations for long lead lengths between the amplifier and the speaker. The optimum decoupling isachieved by using two capacitors of different types that target different types of noise on the power supply leads.For higher frequency transients, spikes, or digital hash on the line, a good low equivalent-series-resistance (ESR)ceramic capacitor, typically 0.1 µF, placed as close as possible to the device V
DD
lead, works best. For filteringlower frequency noise signals, a larger aluminum electrolytic capacitor of 10 µF or greater placed near the poweramplifier is recommended.
The midrail bypass capacitor, C
(BYP)
, serves several important functions. During start-up, C
(BYP)
determines therate at which the amplifier starts up. This helps to push the start-up pop noise into the subaudible range (so low itcannot be heard). The second function is to reduce noise produced by the power supply caused by coupling intothe output drive signal. This noise is from the midrail generation circuit internal to the amplifier. The capacitor isfed from a 230-kΩsource inside the amplifier. To keep the start-up pop as low as possible, the relationshipshown in Equation 6 should be maintained.
As an example, consider a circuit where C
(BYP)
is 1 µF, C
I
is 1 µF, and R
I
is 20 kΩ. Inserting these values intoEquation 6 results in: 6.25 ≤50 which satisfies the rule. Recommended values for bypass capacitor C
(BYP)
are0.1 µF to 1 µF, ceramic or tantalum low-ESR, for the best THD and noise performance.
In the typical single-supply single-ended (SE) configuration, an output coupling capacitor (C
C
) is required to blockthe dc bias at the output of the amplifier, thus preventing dc currents in the load. As with the input couplingcapacitor, the output coupling capacitor and impedance of the load form a high-pass filter governed byEquation 7 .
The main disadvantage, from a performance standpoint, is that the typically small load impedances drive thelow-frequency corner higher. Large values of C
(C)
are required to pass low frequencies into the load. Considerthe example where a C
(C)
of 68 µF is chosen and loads vary from 32 Ωto 47 kΩ. Table 1 summarizes thefrequency response characteristics of each configuration.
Table 1. Common Load Impedances vs Low FrequencyOutput Characteristics in SE Mode
R
L
C
C
LOWEST FREQUENCY
32 Ω68 µF 73 Hz10,000 Ω68 µF 0.23 Hz47,000 Ω68 µF 0.05 Hz
As Table 1 indicates, headphone response is adequate and drive into line level inputs (a home stereo forexample) is good.
16
www.ti.com
1
C(BYP) 230 kΩ1
CIRI1
RLC(C)
(8)
USING LOW-ESR CAPACITORS
5-V VERSUS 3.3-V OPERATION
TPA6111A2
SLOS313B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED JUNE 2004
The output coupling capacitor required in single-supply SE mode also places additional constraints on theselection of other components in the amplifier circuit. With the rules described earlier still valid, add the followingrelationship:
Low-ESR capacitors are recommended throughout this application. A real capacitor can be modeled simply as aresistor in series with an ideal capacitor. The voltage drop across this resistor minimizes the beneficial effects ofthe capacitor in the circuit. The lower the equivalent value of this resistance, the more the real capacitor behaveslike an ideal capacitor.
The TPA6111A2 was designed for operation over a supply range of 2.5 V to 5.5 V. This data sheet provides fullspecifications for 5-V and 3.3-V operation, since these are considered to be the two most common standardvoltages. There are no special considerations for 3.3-V versus 5-V operation as far as supply bypassing, gainsetting, or stability. The most important consideration is that of output power. Each amplifier in the TPA6111A2can produce a maximum voltage swing of V
DD
– 1 V. This means, for 3.3-V operation, clipping starts to occurwhen V
O(PP)
= 2.3 V as opposed when V
O(PP)
= 4 V while operating at 5 V. The reduced voltage swingsubsequently reduces maximum output power into the load before distortion begins to become significant.
17
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device Status (1) Package
Type Package
Drawing Pins Package
Qty Eco Plan (2) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3)
TPA6111A2D ACTIVE SOIC D 8 75 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPA6111A2DG4 ACTIVE SOIC D 8 75 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPA6111A2DGN ACTIVE MSOP-
Power
PAD
DGN 8 80 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPA6111A2DGNG4 ACTIVE MSOP-
Power
PAD
DGN 8 80 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPA6111A2DGNR ACTIVE MSOP-
Power
PAD
DGN 8 2500 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPA6111A2DGNRG4 ACTIVE MSOP-
Power
PAD
DGN 8 2500 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPA6111A2DR ACTIVE SOIC D 8 2500 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPA6111A2DRG4 ACTIVE SOIC D 8 2500 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in
a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check
http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements
for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered
at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and
package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS
compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame
retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material)
(3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder
temperature.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is
provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the
accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take
reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on
incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited
information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI
to Customer on an annual basis.
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com 10-Jul-2006
Addendum-Page 1
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device Package
Type Package
Drawing Pins SPQ Reel
Diameter
(mm)
Reel
Width
W1 (mm)
A0
(mm) B0
(mm) K0
(mm) P1
(mm) W
(mm) Pin1
Quadrant
TPA6111A2DGNR MSOP-
Power
PAD
DGN 8 2500 330.0 12.4 5.3 3.4 1.4 8.0 12.0 Q1
TPA6111A2DR SOIC D 8 2500 330.0 12.4 6.4 5.2 2.1 8.0 12.0 Q1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com 11-Nov-2011
Pack Materials-Page 1
*All dimensions are nominal
Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)
TPA6111A2DGNR MSOP-PowerPAD DGN 8 2500 364.0 364.0 27.0
TPA6111A2DR SOIC D 8 2500 340.5 338.1 20.6
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com 11-Nov-2011
Pack Materials-Page 2
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