LM397 www.ti.com SNOS977D - MAY 2001 - REVISED MARCH 2013 LM397 Single General Purpose Voltage Comparator Check for Samples: LM397 FEATURES DESCRIPTION * The LM397 is a single voltage comparator with an input common mode that includes ground. The LM397 is designed to operate from a single 5V to 30V power supply or a split power supply. Its low supply current is virtually independent of the magnitude of the supply voltage. 1 2 * * * * * * * * * * (TA = 25C. Typical Values Unless Otherwise Specified). 5-Pin SOT-23 Package Industrial Operating Range -40C to +85C Single or Dual Power Supplies Wide Supply Voltage Range 5V to 30V Low Supply Current 300A Low Input Bias Current 7nA Low Input Offset Current 1nA Low Input Offset Voltage 2mV Response Time 440ns (50mV Overdrive) Input Common Mode Voltage 0 to VS - 1.5V The LM397 features an open collector output stage. This allows the connection of an external resistor at the output. The output can directly interface with TTL, CMOS and other logic levels, by tying the resistor to different voltage levels (level translator). The LM397 is available in space saving 5-Pin SOT23 package and pin compatible to TI's TL331, single differential comparator. APPLICATIONS * * * * A/D Converters Pulse, Square Wave Generators Peak Detector Industrial Applications Typical Circuit Connection Diagram VS Top View VIN - 1 5 VS R1 2 + 3 RPULL-UP - VO + GND VIN VIN 4 OUTPUT R3 R2 Figure 1. 5-Pin SOT-23 Package See Package Number DBV0005A Figure 2. Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. 1 2 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright (c) 2001-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated LM397 SNOS977D - MAY 2001 - REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Absolute Maximum Ratings (1) (2) ESD Tolerance (3) Human Body Model Machine Model VIN Differential 30V Supply Voltages 30V or 15V -0.3V to 30V Voltage at Input Pins -65C to +150C Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature (4) Soldering Information (1) (2) (3) (4) 2KV 200V +150C Infrared or Convection (20 sec.) 235C Wave Soldering (10 sec.) 260C Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but specific performance is not ensured. For ensured specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the TI Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Human Body Model, applicable std. MIL-STD-883, Method 3015.7. Machine Model, applicable std. JESD22-A115-A (ESD MM std. of JEDEC) Field-Induced Charge-Device Model, applicable std. JESD22-C101-C (ESD FICDM std. of JEDEC). The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX), JA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(MAX) - TA)/ JA . All numbers apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC board. Operating Ratings (1) Supply Voltage, VS 5V to 30V Temperature Range (2) Package Thermal Resistance (2) (1) (2) 2 -40C to +85C 5-Pin SOT-23 168C/W Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but specific performance is not ensured. For ensured specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX), JA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(MAX) - TA)/ JA . All numbers apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC board. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2001-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM397 LM397 www.ti.com SNOS977D - MAY 2001 - REVISED MARCH 2013 Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits are ensured for TA = 25C, VS = 5V, V- = 0V, VCM = V+/2 = VO. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. Parameter Test Conditions Min (1) Typ (2) Max (1) Units VOS Input Offset Voltage VS = 5V to 30V, VO = 1.4V, VCM = 0V 2 7 10 mV IOS Input Offset Current VO = 1.4V, VCM = 0V 1.6 50 250 nA IB Input Bias Current VO = 1.4V, VCM = 0V 10 250 400 nA IS Supply Current RL = Open, VS = 5V 0.25 0.7 RL = Open, VS = 30V 0.30 2 6 mA IO Output Sink Current VIN+ = 1V,VIN- = 0V, VO = 1.5V ILEAKAGE Output Leakage Current VIN+ = 1V,VIN- = 0V, VO = 5V 0.1 13 mA nA VIN+ = 1V,VIN- = 0V, VO = 30V 1 A 180 VOL Output Voltage Low IO = -4mA, VIN+ = 0V,VIN- = 1V VCM Common-Mode Input Voltage Range VS = 5V to 30V (3) AV Voltage Gain VS = 15V, VO = 1.4V to 11.4V, RL > = 15k connected to VS 120 tPHL Propagation Delay (High to Low) Input Overdrive = 5mV RL = 5.1k connected to 5V, CL = 15pF 900 Input Overdrive = 50mV RL = 5.1k connected to 5V, CL = 15pF 250 Input Overdrive = 5mV RL = 5.1k connected to 5V, CL = 15pF 940 s Input Overdrive = 50mV RL = 5.1k connected to 5V, CL = 15pF 440 ns tPLH (1) (2) (3) Propagation Delay (Low to High) 0 0 400 700 mV VS - 1.5V VS - 2V V V/mV ns All limits are specified by testing or statistical analysis. Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm as determined at the time of characterization. Actual typical values may vary over time and will also depend on the application and configuration. The typical values are not tested and are not specified on shipped production material. The input common-mode voltage of either input should not be permitted to go below the negative rail by more than 0.3V. The upper end of the common-mode voltage range is VS - 1.5V at 25C. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2001-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM397 3 LM397 SNOS977D - MAY 2001 - REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Typical Performance Characteristics TA = 25C. Unless otherwise specified. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Input Bias Current vs. Supply Current 14 0.45 -40C 0.35 INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 0.4 25C 0.3 85C 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0 5 10 15 25 20 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 6 4 0 30 5 0 Output Saturation Voltage vs. Output Sink Current Input Offset Voltage vs. Supply Voltage 0.1 30 2.5 R -40C -40 C R 25 C R 85 C 85C 2 25C 1.5 1 0.01 1 10 20 25 15 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Figure 4. INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV) OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) 85C 8 Figure 3. 1 10 OUTPUT SINK CURRENT (mA) 0 100 5 2 15 25 10 0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 30 Figure 5. Figure 6. Response Time for Various Input Overdrives - tPHL Response Time for Various Input Overdrives - tPLH 6 10 VS = 5V, RPULL-UP = 5.1k: TO VS CL = 15pF TO GND 4 VOD = 5mV 2 INPUT (mV) OUTPUT (V) 8 0 10 0 50 VOD = 50mV 0 50 -100 200 OVERDRIVE VOLTAGE (VOD) 400 800 1200 1400 8 6 2000 VS = 5V, RPULL-UP = 5.1k: TO VS CL = 15pF TO GND 4 2 INPUT (mV) OUTPUT (V) 10 4 25C 10 2 0.05 0 -40C 12 VOD = 50mV 0 10 0 50 VOD = 5mV 0 50 -100 200 OVERDRIVE VOLTAGE (VOD) 400 800 1200 TIME (ns) TIME (ns) Figure 7. Figure 8. Submit Documentation Feedback 1400 2000 Copyright (c) 2001-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM397 LM397 www.ti.com SNOS977D - MAY 2001 - REVISED MARCH 2013 APPLICATION NOTES Basic Comparators A comparator is quite often used to convert an analog signal to a digital signal. The comparator compares an input voltage (VIN) at the non-inverting pin to the reference voltage (VREF) at the inverting pin. If VIN is less than VREF the output (VO) is low (VOL). However, if VIN is greater than VREF, the output voltage (VO) is high (VOH). Refer to Figure 9. VS VREF - VIN + RPULL-UP VO V - VOLTS VO VREF TIME VIN Figure 9. Basic Comparator Hysteresis The basic comparator configuration may oscillate or produce a noisy output if the applied differential input is near the comparator's input offset voltage. This tends to occur when the voltage on the input is equal or very close to the other input voltage. Adding hysteresis can prevent this problem. Hysteresis creates two switching thresholds (one for the rising input voltage and the other for the falling input voltage). Hysteresis is the voltage difference between the two switching thresholds. When both inputs are nearly equal, hysteresis causes one input to effectively move quickly pass the other. Thus, effectively moving the input out of region that oscillation may occur. For an inverting configured comparator, hysteresis can be added with a three resistor network and positive feedback. When input voltage (VIN) at the inverting node is less than non-inverting node (VT), the output is high. The equivalent circuit for the three resistor network is R1 in parallel with R3 and in series with R2. The lower threshold voltage VT1 is calculated by: VT1 = ((VS R2) / (((R1 R3) / (R1 + R3)) + R2)) (1) When VIN is greater than VT, the output voltage is low. The equivalent circuit for the three resistor network is R2 in parallel with R3 and in series with R1. The upper threshold voltage VT2 is calculated by: VT2 = VS ((R2 R3) / (R2 + R3)) / (R1 + ((R2 R3) / (R2 + R3))) (2) The hysteresis is defined as VIN = VT1 - VT2 (3) Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2001-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM397 5 LM397 SNOS977D - MAY 2001 - REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com VCC VIN R1 RPULL-UP - VO VT + R R3 2 VO VT1 VT2 0 VIN Figure 10. Inverting Configured Comparator - LM397 Input Stage The LM397 has a bipolar input stage. The input common mode voltage range is from 0 to (VS - 1.5V). Output Stage The LM397 has an open collector grounded-emitter NPN output transistor for the output stage. This requires an external pull-up resistor connected between the positive supply voltage and the output. The external pull-up resistor should be high enough resistance so to avoid excessive power dissipation. In addition, the pull-up resistor should be low enough resistance to enable the comparator to switch with the load circuitry connected. Because it is an open collector output stage, several comparator outputs can be connected together to create an OR'ing function output. With an open collector, the output can be used as a simple SPST switch to ground.The amount of current which the output can sink is approximately 10mA. When the maximum current limit is reached, the output transistor will saturate and the output will rise rapidly (Figure 11). OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) 5 -40C 4.5 85C 4 3.5 25C 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 1 10 OUTPUT SINK CURRENT (mA) 100 Figure 11. Output Saturation Voltage vs. Output Sink Current 6 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2001-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM397 LM397 www.ti.com SNOS977D - MAY 2001 - REVISED MARCH 2013 REVISION HISTORY Changes from Revision C (March 2013) to Revision D * Page Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format ............................................................................................................ 6 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2001-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM397 7 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 1-Nov-2013 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (2) (6) (3) Op Temp (C) Device Marking (4/5) LM397MF NRND SOT-23 DBV 5 1000 TBD Call TI Call TI -40 to 85 C397 LM397MF/NOPB ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 1000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU SN Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 C397 LM397MFX/NOPB ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU SN Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 C397 (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device. (5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. 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Addendum-Page 2 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 23-Sep-2013 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) LM397MF SOT-23 DBV 5 1000 178.0 8.4 LM397MF/NOPB SOT-23 DBV 5 1000 178.0 LM397MFX/NOPB SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 178.0 3.2 3.2 1.4 4.0 8.0 Q3 8.4 3.2 3.2 1.4 4.0 8.0 Q3 8.4 3.2 3.2 1.4 4.0 8.0 Q3 Pack Materials-Page 1 W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 23-Sep-2013 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) LM397MF SOT-23 DBV 5 1000 210.0 185.0 35.0 LM397MF/NOPB SOT-23 DBV 5 1000 210.0 185.0 35.0 LM397MFX/NOPB SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. 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