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LMC7211

LMC7211 Tiny CMOS Comparator with Rail-to-Rail Input and Push-Pull Output

Literature Number: SNOS746E

LMC7211

January 26, 2010

Tiny CMOS Comparator with Rail-to-Rail Input and Push-

Pull Output

General Description

The LMC7211 is a micropower CMOS comparator available

in the space saving SOT23-5 package. This makes the com-

parator ideal for space and weight critical designs. The

LMC7211 is supplied in two offset voltage grades, 5 mV and

15 mV.

The main benefits of the Tiny package are most apparent in

small portable electronic devices, such as mobile phones,

pagers, notebook computers, personal digital assistants, and

PCMCIA cards. The rail-to-rail input voltage makes the

LMC7211 a good choice for sensor interfacing, such as light

detector circuits, optical and magnetic sensors, and alarm

and status circuits.

The Tiny Comparator's outside dimensions (length x width x

height) of 3.05mm x 3.00mm x 1.43mm allow it to fit into tight

spaces on PC boards.

See the LMC7221 for a comparator with an open-drain output.

Features

■Tiny SOT 23-5 package saves space

■Package is less than 1.43 mm thick

■Guaranteed specs at 2.7V, 5V, 15V supplies

■Typical supply current 7 μA at 5V

■Response time of 4 μs at 5V

■Push-pull output

■Input common-mode range beyond V− and V+

■Low input current

Applications

■Battery Powered Products

■Notebooks and PDAs

■PCMCIA cards

■Mobile Communications

■Alarm and Security circuits

■Direct Sensor Interface

■Replaces amplifiers used as comparators with better

performance and lower current

Connection Diagrams

8-Pin SO-8

1233701

Top View

5-Pin SOT23-5

1233702

Top View

LMC7211 Tiny CMOS Comparator with Rail-to-Rail Input and Push-Pull Output

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,

please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/

Distributors for availability and specifications.

ESD Tolerance (Note 2) 2 kV

Differential Input Voltage (VCC) +0.3V to (−VCC)−0.3V

Voltage at Input/Output Pin (VCC) + 0.3V to (−VCC)−0.3V

Supply Voltage (V+–V−)16V

Current at Input Pin (Note 7) ±5 mA

Current at Output Pin

(Note 3, Note 8) ±30 mA

Current at Power Supply Pin 40 mA

Lead Temperature

(soldering, 10 sec) 260°C

Storage Temperature Range −65°C to +150°C

Junction Temperature

(Note 4) 150°C

Operating Ratings (Note 1)

Supply Voltage 2.7 ≤ VCC ≤ 15V

Junction Temperature Range

LMC7211AI, LMC7211BI −40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +85°C

Thermal Resistance (θJA)

SO-8 Package,

8-Pin Surface Mount 180°C/W

M05A Package,

5-Pin Surface Mount 325°C/W

2.7V Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25°C, V+ = 2.7V, V− = 0V, VCM = VO = V+/2. Boldface limits apply at the

temperature extremes.

Typ LMC7211AI LMC7211BI

Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 5)Limit Limit Units

(Note 6) (Note 6)

VOS Input Offset Voltage 3 5 15 mV

8 18 max

TCVOS Input Offset Voltage 1.0 μV/°C

Temperature Drift

Input Offset Voltage (Note 10) 3.3 μV/Month

Average Drift

IBInput Current 0.04 pA

IOS Input Offset Current 0.02 pA

CMRR Common Mode 0V ≤ VCM ≤ 2.7V 75 dB

Rejection Ratio

PSRR Power Supply 2.7V ≤ V+ ≤ 15V 80 dB

Rejection Ratio

AVVoltage Gain 100 dB

CMVR Input Common-Mode CMRR > 55 dB 3.0 2.9 2.9 V

Voltage Range 2.7 2.7 min

CMRR > 55 dB −0.3 −0.2 −0.2 V

0.0 0.0 max

VOH Output Voltage High Iload = 2.5 mA 2.5 2.4 2.4 V

2.3 2.3 min

VOL Output Voltage Low Iload = 2.5 mA 0.2 0.3 0.3 V

0.4 0.4 max

ISSupply Current VOUT = Low 7 12 12 μA

14 14 max

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LMC7211

5.0V and 15.0V Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25°C, V+ = 5.0V and 15V, V− = 0V, VCM = VO = V+/2. Boldface limits

apply at the temperature extremes.

Typ LMC7211AI LMC7211BI

Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 5)Limit Limit Units

(Note 6) (Note 6)

VOS Input Offset Voltage 3 5 15 mV

8 18 max

TCVOS Input Offset Voltage V+ = 5V 1.0 μV/°C

Temperature Drift V+ = 15V 4.0

Input Offset Voltage V+ = 5V 3.3 μV/Month

Average Drift V+ = 15V 4.0

IBInput Current 0.04 pA

IOS Input Offset Current 0.02 pA

CMRR Common Mode V+ = 5.0V 75 dB

Rejection Ration V+ = 15.0V 82 dB

PSRR Power Supply 5V ≤ V+ ≤ 10V 80 dB

Rejection Ratio

AVVoltage Gain 100 dB

CMVR Input Common-Mode V+ = 5.0V 5.3 5.2 5.2 V

Voltage Range CMRR > 55 dB 5.0 5.0 min

V+ = 5.0V −0.3 −0.2 −0.2 V

CMRR > 55 dB 0.0 0.0 max

V+ = 15.0V 15.3 15.2 15.2 V

CMRR > 55 dB 15.0 15.0 min

V+ = 15.0V −0.3 −0.2 −0.2 V

CMRR > 55 dB 0.0 0.0 max

VOH Output Voltage High V+ = 5V 4.8 4.6 4.6 mV

Iload = 5 mA 4.45 4.45 min

V+ = 15V 14.8 14.6 14.6 mV

Iload = 5 mA 14.45 14.45 min

VOL Output Voltage Low V+ = 5V 0.2 0.40 0.40 mV

Iload = 5 mA 0.55 0.55 max

V+ = 15V 0.2 0.40 0.40 mV

Iload = 5 mA 0.55 0.55 max

ISSupply Current VOUT = Low 7 14 14 μA

18 18 max

ISC Short Circuit Current Sourcing 30 mA

Sinking (Note 8) 45 mA

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LMC7211

AC Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25°C, V+ = 5V, V− = 0V, VCM = VO = V+/2. Boldface limits apply at the

temperature extreme.

Typ LMC7211AI LMC7211BI

Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 5)Limit Limit Units

(Note 6) (Note 6)

trise Rise Time f = 10 kHz, Cl = 50 pF, 0.3 μs

Overdrive = 10 mV (Note 9)

tfall Fall Time f = 10 kHz, Cl = 50 pF, 0.3 μs

Overdrive = 10 mV (Note 9)

tPHL Propagation Delay f = 10 kHz, 10 mV 10 μs

(High to Low) Cl = 50 pF 100 mV 4

(Note 11)(Note 9)

V+ = 2.7V, 10 mV 10 μs

f = 10 kHz, 100 mV 4

Cl = 50 pF

(Note 9)

tPLH Propagation Delay f = 10 kHz, 10 mV 6 μs

(Low to High) Cl = 50p 100 mV 4

(Note 11)(Note 9)

V+ = 2.7V, 10 mV 7 μs

f = 10 kHz, 100 mV 4

Cl = 50 pF

(Note 9)

Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is

intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.

Note 2: Human body model, 1.5 kΩ in series with 100 pF.

Note 3: Applies to both single-supply and split-supply operation. Continuous short circuit operation at elevated ambient temperature can result in exceeding the

maximum allowed junction temperature of 150°C. Output currents in excess of ±30 mA over long term may adversely affect reliability.

Note 4: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is

PD = (TJ(max) − TA)/θJA.All numbers apply for packages soldered directly into a PC board.

Note 5: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm.

Note 6: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis.

Note 7: Limiting input pin current is only necessary for input voltages that exceed absolute maximum input voltage rating.

Note 8: Do not short circuit output to V+, when V+ is greater than 12V or reliability will be adversely affected.

Note 9: CL includes the probe and jig capacitance.

Note 10: Input offset voltage average drift is calculated by dividing the accelerated operating life VOS drift by the equivalent operational time. This represents

worst case input conditions and includes the first 30 days of drift.

Note 11: Input step voltage for propagation delay measurement is 2V.

Ordering Information

Package Ordering NSC Drawing Package Transport Media

Information Number Marking

8-Pin SO-8

LMC7211AIM M08A LM7211AIM Rails

LMC7211AIMX M08A LM7211AIM 2.5k Units Tape and Reel

LMC7211BIM M08A LM7211BIM Rails

LMC7211BIMX M08A LM7211BIM 2.5k Units tape and Reel

5-Pin SOT 23-5

LMC7211AIM5 MF05A C00A 1k Units Tape and Reel

LMC7211AIM5X MF05A C00A 3k Units Tape and Reel

LMC7211BIM5 MF05A C00B 1k Units Tape and Reel

LMC7211BIM5X MF05A C00B 3k Units Tape and Reel

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LMC7211

Typical Performance Characteristics Single Supply TA = 25°C unless specified

Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage

1233715

Supply Current vs. Temperature while Sourcing

1233716

Supply Current vs. Temperature while Sinking

1233717

Output Sourcing Current vs. Supply Voltage

1233718

Output Sinking Current vs. Supply Voltage

1233719

Output Sourcing Current vs. Output Voltage @ 5V

1233720

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LMC7211

Output Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage @ 5V

1233721

Output Sourcing Current vs. Output Voltage @ 15V

1233722

Output Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage @ 15V

1233723

Response Time for Various Input Overdrives −tPLH

1233724

Response Time for Various Input Overdrives −tPHL

1233725

Response Time for Various Input Overdrives −tPLH

1233726

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LMC7211

Response Time for Various Input Overdrives −tPHL

1233727

Response Time for Various Input Overdrives −tPLH

1233728

Response Time for Various Input Overdrives −tPHL

1233729

Input Bias Current vs. Common Mode Voltage

1233730

Input Bias Current vs. Common Mode Voltage

1233731

Input Bias Current vs. Common Mode Voltage

1233732

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LMC7211

Input Bias Current vs. Temperature

1233733

Application Information

1.0 Benefits of the LMC7211 Tiny Comparator

Size. The small footprint of the SOT 23-5 packaged Tiny

Comparator, (0.120 x 0.118 inches, 3.05 x 3.00 mm) saves

space on printed circuit boards, and enable the design of

smaller electronic products. Because they are easier to carry,

many customers prefer smaller and lighter products.

Height. The height (0.056 inches, 1.43 mm) of the Tiny Com-

parator makes it possible to use it in PCMCIA type III cards.

Simplified Board Layout. The Tiny Comparator can simplify

board layout in several ways. First, by placing a comparator

where comparators are needed, instead of routing signals to

a dual or quad device, long pc traces may be avoided.

By using multiple Tiny Comparators instead of duals or quads,

complex signal routing and possibly crosstalk can be re-

duced.

Low Supply Current. The typical 7 μA supply current of the

LMC7211 extends battery life in portable applications, and

may allow the reduction of the size of batteries in some ap-

plications.

Wide Voltage Range. The LMC7211 is characterized at 15V,

5V and 2.7V. Performance data is provided at these popular

voltages. This wide voltage range makes the LMC7211 a

good choice for devices where the voltage may vary over the

life of the batteries.

Digital Outputs Representing Signal Level. Comparators

provide a high or low digital output depending on the voltage

levels of the (+) and (−) inputs. This makes comparators use-

ful for interfacing analog signals to microprocessors and other

digital circuits. The LMC7211 can be thought of as a one-bit

a/d converter.

Push-Pull Output. The push-pull output of the LMC7211 is

capable of both sourcing and sinking milliamp level currents

even at a 2.7 volt supply. This can allow the LMC7211 to drive

multiple logic gates.

Driving LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes). With a 5 volt power

supply, the LMC7211's output sinking current can drive small,

high efficiency LEDs for indicator and test point circuits. The

small size of the Tiny package makes it easy to find space to

add this feature to even compact designs.

Input range to Beyond Rail to Rail. The input common

mode range of the LMC7211 is slightly larger than the actual

power supply range. This wide input range means that the

comparator can be used to sense signals close to the power

supply rails. This wide input range can make design easier by

eliminating voltage dividers, amplifiers, and other front end

circuits previously used to match signals to the limited input

range of earlier comparators. This is useful to power supply

monitoring circuits which need to sense their own power sup-

ply, and compare it to a reference voltage which is close to

the power supply voltage. The wide input range can also be

useful for sensing the voltage drop across a current sense

resistor for battery chargers.

Zero Crossing Detector. Since the LMC7211's common

mode input range extends below ground even when powered

by a single positive supply, it can be used with large input

resistors as a zero crossing detector.

Low Input Currents and High Input Impedance. These

characteristics allow the LMC7211 to be used to sense high

impedance signals from sensors. They also make it possible

to use the LMC7211 in timing circuits built with large value

resistors. This can reduce the power dissipation of timing cir-

cuits. For very long timing circuits, using high value resistors

can reduce the size and cost of large value capacitors for the

same R-C time constant.

Direct Sensor Interfacing. The wide input voltage range and

high impedance of the LMC7211 may make it possible to di-

rectly interface to a sensor without the use of amplifiers or bias

circuits. In circuits with sensors which can produce outputs in

the tens to hundreds of millivolts, the LMC7211 can compare

the sensor signal with an appropriately small reference volt-

age. This may be done close to ground or the positive supply

rail. Direct sensor interfacing may eliminate the need for an

amplifier for the sensor signal. Eliminating the amplifier can

save cost, space, and design time.

2.0 Low Voltage Operation

Comparators are the common devices by which analog sig-

nals interface with digital circuits. The LMC7211 has been

designed to operate at supply voltages of 2.7V without sacri-

ficing performance to meet the demands of 3V digital sys-

tems.

At supply voltages of 2.7V, the common-mode voltage range

extends 200 mV (guaranteed) below the negative supply.

This feature, in addition to the comparator being able to sense

signals near the positive rail, is extremely useful in low voltage

applications.

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LMC7211

1233705

FIGURE 1. Even at Low-Supply Voltage of 2.7V, an Input

Signal which Exceeds the Supply Voltages Produces No

Phase Inversion at the Output

At V+ = 2.7V propagation delays are tPLH = 4 μs and tPHL = 4

μs with overdrives of 100 mV.

Please refer to the performance curves for more extensive

characterization.

3.0 Shoot-Through Current

The shoot-through current is defined as the current surge,

above the quiescent supply current, between the positive and

negative supplies of a device. The current surge occurs when

the output of the device switches states. The shoot-through

current results in glitches in the supply voltages. Usually,

glitches in the supply lines are prevented by bypass capaci-

tors. When the glitches are minimal, the value of the bypass

capacitors can be reduced.

1233706

FIGURE 2. Circuit for Measurement of the

Shoot-Through Current

1233707

FIGURE 3. Measurement of the Shoot-Through Current

From Figure 3, the shoot-through current for the LMC7211

can be calculated to be 0.2 mA (typical), and the duration is

1 μs. The values needed for the bypass capacitors can be

calculated as follows:

1233708

Area of Δ= ½ (1 μs × 200 μA)

= 100 pC

The capacitor needs to supply 100 picocolumb. To avoid large

shifts in the comparator threshold due to changes in the volt-

age level, the voltage drop at the bypass capacitor should be

limited to 100 mV or less.

The charge needed (100 picocolumb) and the allowable volt-

age drop (100 mV) will give us the minimum capacitor value

required.

ΔQ= C (ΔV)

C = ΔQ/ΔV = 100 picocolumb/100 mV

C = 10-10/10-1 = 10-9 = 1 nF = 0.001 μF

10-9 = 1 nF = 0.001 μF

The voltage drop of ∼100 mV will cause a threshold shift in

the comparator. This threshold shift will be reduced by the

power supply rejection ratio, (PSRR). The PSRR which is ap-

plicable here is not the DC value of PSRR (∼80 dB), but a

transient PSRR which will be usually about 20 dB–40 dB, de-

pending on the circuit and the speed of the transient. This will

result in an effective threshold shift of about 1 mV to 10 mV.

For precision and level sensing circuits, it is generally a good

goal to reduce the voltage delta on the power supply to a value

equal to or less than the hysteresis of the comparator circuit.

If the above circuit was to be used with 50 mV of hysteresis,

it would be reasonable to increase the bypass capacitor to

0.01 μF to reduce the voltage delta to 10 mV. Larger values

may be useful for obtaining more accurate and consistent

switching.

Note that the switching current of the comparator can spread

to other parts of the board as noise. The bypass capacitor

reduces this noise. For low noise systems this may be reason

to make the capacitor larger.

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LMC7211

For non-precision circuits, such as using a comparator to de-

termine if a push-button switch is on or off, it is often cheaper

and easier to use a larger value of hysteresis and a small

value or bypass capacitance. The low shoot-through current

of the LMC7211 can allow the use of smaller and less expen-

sive bypass capacitors in non-critical circuits.

4.0 Output Short Circuit Current

The LMC7211 has short circuit protection of 40 mA. However,

it is not designed to withstand continuous short circuits, tran-

sient voltage or current spikes, or shorts to any voltage be-

yond the supplies. A resistor in series with the output should

reduce the effect of shorts. For outputs which send signals off

PC boards additional protection devices, such as diodes to

the supply rails, and varistors may be used.

5.0 Hysteresis

If the input signal is very slow or very noisy, the comparator

output might trip several times as the input signal passes

through the threshold. Using positive feedback to add hys-

teresis to the switching can reduce or eliminate this problem.

The positive feedback can be added by a high value resistor

(RF). This will result in two switching thresholds, one for in-

creasing signals and one for decreasing signals. A capacitor

can be added across RF to increase the switching speed and

provide more short term hysteresis. This can result in greater

noise immunity for the circuit.

See Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6.

Note that very heavy loading of the comparator output, such

as LED drive or bipolar logic gates, will change the output

voltage and shift the voltage thresholds.

1233709

RF ≫ R1 and

RF ≫ R2

FIGURE 4. Positive Feedback for Hysteresis

Without Positive Feedback

(No Hysteresis)

1233710

FIGURE 5.

With Positive Feedback

(Hysteresis or Memory)

1233711

FIGURE 6.

6.0 Input Protection

If input signals are like to exceed the common mode range of

the LMC7211, or it is likely that signals may be present when

power is off, damage to the LMC7211 may occur. Large value

(100 kΩ to MΩ) input resistors may reduce the likelihood of

damage by limiting the input currents. Since the LMC7211

has very low input leakage currents, the effect on accuracy

will be small. Additional protection may require the use of

diodes, as shown in Figure 7. Note that diode leakage current

may affect accuracy during normal operation. The R-C time

constant of RIN and the diode capacitance may also slow re-

sponse time.

1233712

FIGURE 7.

7.0 Layout Considerations

The LMC7211 is not an especially fast comparator, so high

speed design practices are not required. The LMC7211 is ca-

pable of operating with very high impedance inputs, so pre-

cautions should be taken to reduce noise pickup with high

impedance (∼ 100 kΩ and greater) designs and in electrically

noisy environments.

Keeping high value resistors close to the LMC7211 and min-

imizing the size of the input nodes is a good practice. With

multilayer designs, try to avoid long loops which could act as

inductors (coils). Sensors which are not close to the com-

parator may need twisted pair or shielded connections to

reduce noise.

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LMC7211

8.0 Open Drain Output, Dual Versions

The LMC7221 is a comparator similar to the LMC7211, but

with an open drain output which allows the output voltage to

be different (higher or lower) than the supply voltage. The

open drain output is like the open collector output of a logic

gate. This makes the LMC7221 very useful for mixed voltage

systems. Many systems will have different voltages for the

analog and microprocessor sections. Please see the

LMC7221 datasheet for details.

The performance of the LMC7211 is available in dual devices.

Please see the LMC6762 datasheet for details on a dual

push-pull output device. For a dual device with open drain

outputs, please see the LMC6772 datasheet.

Rail-to-Rail Input Low Power Comparators—

Push-Pull Output

LMC7211 SOT23-5, SO-8 Single

LMC6762 SO-8, Dual

Open Drain Output

LMC7221 SOT23-5, SO-8 Single

LMC6772 SO-8, DIP Dual

9.0 Additional SOT23-5 Tiny Devices

National Semiconductor has additional parts available in the

space saving SOT23 Tiny package, including amplifiers, volt-

age references, and voltage regulators. These devices in-

clude—

LMC7101 1 MHz gain-bandwidth rail-to-rail input and output

amplifier—high input impedance and high gain

700 μA typical current 2.7V, 3V, 5V and 15V spec-

ifications.

LMC7111 Low power 50 kHz gain-bandwidth rail-to-rail in-

put and output amplifier with 25 μA typical current

specified at 2.7V, 3.0V, 3.3V, 5V and 10V.

LM7131 Tiny Video amp with 70 MHz gain bandwidth 3V,

5V and ±5V specifications.

LP2980 Micropower SOT 50 mA Ultra Low-Dropout Reg-

ulator.

LM4040 Precision micropower shunt voltage reference.

Fixed voltages of 2.500V, 4.096V, 5.000V,

8.192V and 10.000V.

LM4041 Precision micropower shut voltage reference

1.225V and adjustable.

LM385 Low current voltage reference. Fixed Voltages of

1.2V and 2.5V.

Contact your National Semiconductor representative for the

latest information.

10.0 Spice Macromodel

A Spice Macromodel is available for the LMC7211 compara-

tor on the National Semiconductor Amplifier Macromodel

disk. Contact your National Semiconductor representative to

obtain the latest version.

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LMC7211

SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification

REEL DIMENSIONS

1233713

8 mm 7.00 0.059 0.512 0.795 2.165 0.331 + 0.059/−0.000 0.567 W1+ 0.078/−0.039

330.00 1.50 13.00 20.20 55.00 8.40 + 1.50/−0.00 14.40 W1 + 2.00/−1.00

Tape Size A B C D N W1 W2 W3

TAPE FORMAT

Tape Section # Cavities Cavity Status Cover Tape Status

Leader 0 (min) Empty Sealed

(Start End) 75 (min) Empty Sealed

Carrier 3000 Filled Sealed

1000 Filled Sealed

Trailer 125 (min) Empty Sealed

(Hub End) 0 (min) Empty Sealed

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LMC7211

Tape Dimensions

1233714

8 mm 0.130 0.124 0.130 0.126 0.138 ± 0.002 0.055 ± 0.004 0.157 0.315 ±0.012

(3.3) (3.15) (3.3) (3.2) (3.5 ± 0.05) (1.4 ± 0.11) (4) (8 ± 0.3)

Tape Size DIM A DIM Ao DIM B DIM Bo DIM F DIM Ko DIM P1 DIM W

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LMC7211

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

5-Pin SOT Package

NS Package Number MF05A

8-Pin Small Outline Package

NS Package Number M08A

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LMC7211

Notes

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LMC7211

Notes

LMC7211 Tiny CMOS Comparator with Rail-to-Rail Input and Push-Pull Output

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