0.5C Accurate, 10-Bit Digital Temperature Sensors in SOT-23 AD7414/AD7415 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM FEATURES APPLICATIONS Hard disk drives Personal computers Electronic test equipment Office equipment Domestic appliances Process control Cellular phones GND 10-BIT ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERTER BAND GAP TEMPERATURE SENSOR VDD CONFIGURATION REGISTER TEMPERATURE VALUE REGISTER THIGH SETPOINT REGISTER SETPOINT COMPARATOR TLOW SETPOINT REGISTER SMBus/I2C INTERFACE AS ALERT SCL SDA AD7414 AD7415 GND BAND GAP TEMPERATURE SENSOR 10-BIT ANALOG-DIGITAL CONVERTER CONFIGURATION REGISTER TEMPERATURE VALUE REGISTER VDD AS SMBus/I2C INTERFACE SCL SDA 02463-001 10-bit temperature-to-digital converter Temperature range: -40C to +125C Typical accuracy of 0.5C at +40C SMBus/I2C(R)-compatible serial interface 3 A power-down current Temperature conversion time: 29 s typ Space-saving 6-lead (AD7414) and 5-lead (AD7415) SOT-23 packages Pin selectable addressing via AS Overtemperature indicator (AD7414 Only) SMBus alert function (AD7414 only) 4 versions allow 8 I2C addresses (AD7414) 2 versions allow 6 I2C addresses (AD7415) Figure 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION The AD7414/AD7415 are complete temperature monitoring systems in 6-lead and 5-lead SOT-23 packages. They contain a band gap temperature sensor and a 10-bit ADC to monitor and digitize the temperature reading to a resolution of 0.25C. limit is exceeded. A configuration register allows programming of the state of the ALERT output (active high or active low). This output can be used as an interrupt or as an SMBus alert. The AD7414/AD7415 provide a 2-wire serial interface that is compatible with SMBus and I2C interfaces. The parts come in four versions: the AD7414/AD7415-0, AD7414/AD7415-1, AD7414-2, and AD7414-3. The AD7414/AD7415-0 and AD7414/AD7415-1 versions provide a choice of three different SMBus addresses for each version. All four AD7414 versions give the possibility of eight different I2C addresses while the two AD7415 versions allow up to six I2C addresses to be used. 1. On-chip temperature sensor. The sensor allows an accurate measurement of the ambient temperature to be made. It is capable of 0.5C temperature accuracy. The AD7414/AD7415's 2.7 V supply voltage, low supply current, serial interface, and small package size make them ideal for a variety of applications, including personal computers, office equipment, cellular phones, and domestic appliances. In the AD7414, on-chip registers can be programmed with high and low temperature limits, and an open-drain overtemperature indicator output (ALERT) becomes active when a programmed PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS 2. SMBus/I2C-compatible serial interface. The interface offers pin selectable choice of three addresses per version of the AD7414/AD7415, eight address options in total for the AD7414, and six in total for the AD7415. 3. Supply voltage of 2.7 V to 5.5 V. 4. Space-saving 5-lead and 6-lead SOT-23 packages. 5. 10-bit temperature reading to 0.25C resolution. 6. Overtemperature indicator. This indicator can be software disabled. It is used as an interrupt of SMBus alert. 7. One-shot and automatic temperature conversion rates. Rev. E Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 (c) 2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. AD7414/AD7415 TABLE OF CONTENTS Specifications .....................................................................................3 Serial Interface.................................................................................12 Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................................5 Serial Bus Address.......................................................................12 ESD Caution ..................................................................................5 Write Mode ..................................................................................12 Pin Configurations and Function Descriptions............................6 Read Mode ...................................................................................12 Theory of Operation .........................................................................7 SMBUS ALERT ............................................................................13 Circuit Information ......................................................................7 Power-On Defaults .....................................................................13 Functional Description.................................................................7 Operating Modes ........................................................................13 Measurement Technique..............................................................7 Power vs. Throughput ................................................................14 Temperature Data Format............................................................8 Mounting the AD7414/AD7415 ...............................................14 Internal Register Structure...............................................................9 Supply Decoupling......................................................................14 Address Pointer Register ..............................................................9 Temperature Accuracy vs. Supply.............................................15 Configuration Register (Address 0X01) .....................................9 Typical Temperature Error Graph ............................................15 Temperature Value Register (Address 0X00) ...........................10 Outline Dimensions........................................................................16 AD7414 THIGH Register (Address 0X02) ...................................10 Ordering Guide ...........................................................................17 AD7414 TLOW Register (Address 0X03) ....................................10 REVISION HISTORY 4/05--Rev. D to Rev. E Updated Format.................................................................. Universal Changes to Absolute Maximum Ratings........................................6 Changes to Figure 6...........................................................................7 Changes to Ordering Guide...........................................................17 9/04--REV. C to REV. D. Changes to ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS.........................3 Updated ORDERING GUIDE.........................................................4 8/03--REV. B to REV. C. Change to Temperature Range ......................................... Universal Updated FEATURES.........................................................................1 Updated SPECIFICATIONS............................................................2 Updated ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS .............................3 Updated ORDERING GUIDE.........................................................4 Updated CIRCUIT INFORMATION ............................................5 Updated TEMPERATURE DATA FORMAT................................6 Updated TEMPERATURE VALUE REGISTER ...........................8 Updated Figure 14...........................................................................11 Updated OUTLINE DIMENSIONS .............................................12 11/02--REV. A to REV. B. Changes to ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS.........................3 10/02--REV. 0 to REV. A. Changes to SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................2 Changes to PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS ...........................3 Changes to ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS.........................3 ORDERING GUIDE updated .........................................................4 Change to Figure 2 ............................................................................5 Added to TYPICAL TEMPERATURE ERROR GRAPH section ................................................................11 Added Figure 15 ..............................................................................11 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS updated..............................................12 7/01--Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. E | Page 2 of 20 AD7414/AD7415 SPECIFICATIONS TA = TMIN to TMAX, VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, unless otherwise noted. Temperature range as follows: A version = -40C to +125C. Table 1. Parameter TEMPERATURE SENSOR AND ADC Accuracy1 A Version Unit Test Conditions/Comments 0.5 -0.87 to +0.822 1.5 2.0 3.0 2.0 1.87 2.0 3.0 3.0 10 800 25 C typ C max C max C max C max C typ C max C typ C max C typ Bits ms typ s typ VDD = 3 V @ +40C VDD = 3 V @ +40C VDD = 3 V @ -40C to +70C VDD = 3 V @ -40C to +85C VDD = 3 V @ -40C to +125C VDD = 3 V @ -40C to +125C VDD = 5.5 V @ +40C VDD = 5.5 V @ -40C to +85C VDD = 5.5 V @ -40C to +85C VDD = 5.5 V @ -40C to +125C 1.2 900 mA typ A max Current during conversion Peak current between conversions 169 188 A typ A typ Supply current with serial bus inactive. Part not converting and D7 of configuration register = 0. 180 214 3 A typ A typ A max Supply current with serial bus active. Part not converting and D7 of configuration register = 0. D7 of configuration register = 1. Typical values are 0.04 A at 3 V and 0.5 A at 5 V. 2.4 0.8 1 10 V min V max A max pF max VIN = 0 V to VDD All digital inputs 2.4 0.4 1 10 0.8 V min V max A max pF max V max IOL = 1.6 mA VOH = 5 V Typ = 3 pF IOUT = 4 mA 2.5 50 0 s min ns min ns min See Figure 2 See Figure 2 See Figure 2 2 Resolution Update Rate, tR Temperature Conversion Time POWER SUPPLIES Supply Current3 Peak Supply Current4 Supply Current - Nonconverting Inactive Serial Bus5 Normal Mode @ 3 V Normal Mode @ 5 V Active Serial Bus6 Normal Mode @ 3 V Normal Mode @ 5 V Shutdown Mode DIGITAL INPUT Input High Voltage, VIH Input Low Voltage, VIL Input Current, IIN7 Input Capacitance, CIN DIGITAL OUTPUT (OPEN-DRAIN) Output High Voltage, VOH Output Low Voltage, VOL Output High Current, IOH Output Capacitance, COUT ALERT Output Saturation Voltage AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS8, 9 Serial Clock Period, t1 Data In Setup Time to SCL High, t2 Data Out Stable after SCL Low, t3 Rev. E | Page 3 of 20 AD7414/AD7415 Parameter SDA Low Setup Time to SCL Low (Start Condition), t4 SDA High Hold Time after SCL High (Stop Condition), t5 SDA and SCL Fall Time, t6 Power-Up Time A Version 50 Unit ns min Test Conditions/Comments See Figure 2 50 ns min See Figure 2 90 4 ns max s typ See Figure 2 1 Accuracy specifications apply only to voltages listed under Test Conditions. See Temperature Accuracy vs. Supply section for typical accuracy performance over the full VDD supply range. 2 100% production tested at 40C to these limits. 3 These current values can be used to determine average power consumption at different one-shot conversion rates. Average power consumption at the automatic conversion rate of 1.25 kHz is 940 W. 4 This peak supply current is required for 29 s (the conversion time plus power-up time) out of every 800 s (the conversion rate). 5 These current values are derived by not issuing a stop condition at the end of a write or read, thus preventing the part from going into a conversion. 6 The current is derived assuming a 400 kHz serial clock being active continuously. 7 On power-up, the initial input current, IIN, on the AS pin is typically 50 A. 8 The SDA and SCL timing is measured with the input filters turned on so as to meet the fast mode I2C specification. Switching off the input filters improves the transfer rate but has a negative effect on the EMC behavior of the part. 9 Guaranteed by design. Not tested in production. t1 SCL t4 t2 t5 SDA DATA IN t3 t6 Figure 2. Diagram for Serial Bus Timing Rev. E | Page 4 of 20 02463-002 SDA DATA OUT AD7414/AD7415 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 2. Parameter VDD to GND SDA Input Voltage to GND SDA Output Voltage to GND SCL Input Voltage to GND ALERT Output Voltage to GND Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature 5-Lead SOT-23 (RJ-5) Power Dissipation1, 2 Thermal Impedance3 JA, Junction-to-Ambient (still air) 6-Lead SOT-23 (RJ-6) Power Dissipation1, 2 Thermal Impedance3 JA, Junction-to-Ambient (still air) 8-Lead MSOP (RM-8) Power Dissipation1, 2 Thermal Impedance3 JA, Junction-to-Ambient (still air) JC, Junction-to-Case IR Reflow Soldering Peak Temperature Time at Peak Temperature Ramp-up Rate Ramp-down Rate Ramp from 25C to Peak Temperature IR Reflow Soldering in Pb-Free Package Peak Temperature Time at Peak Temperature Ramp Rate Ramp-Down Rate Ramp from 25C to Peak Temperature Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Rating -0.3 V to +7 V -0.3 V to +7 V -0.3 V to +7 V -0.3 V to +7 V -0.3 V to +7 V -40C to +125C -65C to +150C 150C WMAX = (TJMAX - TA)/JA 240C/W WMAX = (TJMAX - TA)/JA 190.4C/W WMAX = (TJMAX - TA)/JA 205.9C/W 43.74C/W 220C (0C/5C) 10 sec to 20 sec 3C/s max -6C/s max 6 minutes max 260C (0C) 20 sec to 40 sec 3C/s max -6C/s max 8 minutes max 1 Values relate to package being used on a standard 2-layer PCB. TA = ambient temperature. 3 Junction-to-case resistance is applicable to components featuring a preferential flow direction, such as components mounted on a heat sink. Junction-to-ambient resistance is more useful for air-cooled, PCB-mounted components. 2 ESD CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although this product features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. Rev. E | Page 5 of 20 AD7414/AD7415 PIN CONFIGURATIONS AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS 8 NC NC 1 AD7414 AD7415 5 ALERT 4 SCL Figure 3. AD7414 Pin Configuration (SOT-23) SDA 2 Top View (Not to Scale) 7 AS ALERT 3 GND 2 6 GND SCL 4 5 VDD NC = NO CONNECT VDD 3 02463-004 VDD 3 Top View (Not to Scale) 02463-003 GND 2 5 SDA AS 1 AD7414 Top View (Not to Scale) 4 SCL Figure 5. AD7415 Pin Configuration (SOT-23) Figure 4. AD7414 Pin Configuration (MSOP) Table 3. Pin Function Descriptions Table 4. I2C Address Selection Mnemonic AS Part Number AD7414-0 AD7414-0 AD7414-0 AD7414-1 AD7414-1 AD7414-1 AD7414-2 AD7414-3 AD7415-0 AD7415-0 AD7415-0 AD7415-1 AD7415-1 AD7415-1 GND VDD SDA ALERT SCL Description Logic Input. Address select input that selects one of three I2C addresses for the AD7414/AD7415 (see Table 4). Recommend a pull-up or pull-down resistor of 1 k. Analog and Digital Ground. Positive Supply Voltage, 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Digital I/O. Serial bus bidirectional data. Opendrain output. AD7414 Digital Output. Overtemperature indicator becomes active when temperature exceeds THIGH. Open-drain output. Digital Input. Serial bus clock. Rev. E | Page 6 of 20 02463-005 6 SDA AS 1 AS Pin Float GND VDD Float GND VDD N/A N/A Float GND VDD Float GND VDD I2C Address 1001 000 1001 001 1001 010 1001 100 1001 101 1001 110 1001 011 1001 111 1001 000 1001 001 1001 010 1001 100 1001 101 1001 110 AD7414/AD7415 THEORY OF OPERATION CIRCUIT INFORMATION FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Temperature measurement is initiated by two methods. The first uses an internal clock countdown of 800 ms, and a conversion is performed. The internal oscillator is the only circuit that is powered up between conversions, and once it times out, every 800 ms, a wake-up signal is sent to power up the rest of the circuitry. A monostable is activated at the beginning of the wake-up signal to ensure that sufficient time is given to the power-up process. The monostable typically takes 4 s to time out. It then takes typically 25 s for each conversion to be completed. The new temperature value is loaded into the temperature value register and ready for reading by the I2C interface. A temperature measurement is also initiated every time the one-shot method is used. This method requires the user to write to the one-shot bit in the configuration register when a temperature measurement is needed. Setting the one-shot bit to 1 starts a temperature conversion directly after the write operation. The track-and-hold goes into hold approximately 4 s (monostable time out) after the STOP condition, and a conversion is then initiated. Typically 25 s later, the conversion is complete and the temperature value register is loaded with a new temperature value. The measurement modes are compared with a high temperature limit, stored in an 8-bit read/write register. This is applicable only to the AD7414, because the AD7415 does not have an ALERT pin and subsequently does not have an overtemperature monitoring function. If the measurement is greater than the high limit, the ALERT pin is activated (if it has already been enabled in the configuration register). There are two ways to deactivate the ALERT pin again: when the alert reset bit in the configuration register is set to 1 by a write operation, and when the temperature measured is less than the value in the TLOW register. This ALERT pin is compatible with the SMBus SMBALERT option. Configuration functions consist of * Switching between normal operation and full powerdown * Enabling or disabling the SCL and SDA filters * Enabling or disabling the ALERT function * Setting the ALERT pin polarity SUPPLY 2.7V TO 5.5V 10F VDD 0.1F 10k 1k VDD 10k VDD 10k VDD AS SDA SCL GND C/P ALERT AD7414 02463-006 The AD7414/AD7415 are standalone digital temperature sensors. The on-chip temperature sensor allows an accurate measurement of the ambient device temperature to be made. The 10-bit analog-to-digital converter converts the temperature measured into a twos complement format for storage in the temperature register. The ADC is made up of a conventional successive-approximation converter based around a capacitor digital-to-analog (DAC). The serial interface is I2C-and SMBuscompatible. The AD7414/AD7415 require a 2.7 V to 5.5 V power supply. The temperature sensor has a working measurement range of -40C to +125C. Figure 6. Typical Connection Diagram MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE A common method of measuring temperature is to exploit the negative temperature coefficient of a diode, or the base-emitter voltage of a transistor, operated at constant current. Unfortunately, this technique requires calibration to null the effect of the absolute value of VBE, which varies from device to device. The technique used in the AD7414/AD7415 is to measure the change in VBE when the device is operated at two different currents. This is given by VBE = KT q x ln (N ) where: K is Boltzmann's constant. q is the charge on the electron (1.6 x 10-19 Coulombs). T is the absolute temperature in Kelvins. N is the ratio of the two currents. Rev. E | Page 7 of 20 AD7414/AD7415 VDD I Table 5. A Grade Temperature Data Format IxN VOUT + TO ADC VOUT - SENSING TRANSISTOR 02463-007 SENSING TRANSISTOR Figure 7. Temperature Measurement Technique Figure 7 shows the method the AD7414/AD7415 use to measure the ambient device temperature. To measure VBE, the sensor (substrate transistor) is switched between operating currents of I and N x I. The resulting waveform is passed through a chopper stabilized amplifier that performs the functions of amplification and rectification of the waveform to produce a dc voltage proportional to VBE. This voltage is measured by the ADC to give a temperature output in 10-bit, twos complement format. TEMPERATURE DATA FORMAT The temperature resolution of the ADC is 0.25C, which corresponds to 1 LSB of the ADC. The ADC can theoretically measure a temperature span of 255C; the lowest practical value is limited to -40C due to the device maximum ratings. The A grade can measure a temperature range of -40C to +125C. (Temperature data format is shown in Table 5.) Temperature -55C -50C -25C -0.25C 0C +0.25C +10C +25C +50C +75C +100C +125C Digital Output DB9...DB0 11 0010 0100 11 0011 1000 11 1001 1100 11 1111 1111 00 0000 0000 00 0000 0001 00 0010 1000 00 0110 0100 00 1100 1000 01 0010 1100 01 1001 0000 01 1111 0100 The grade temperature conversion formula follows: Positive Temperature = ADC Code (d) Negative Temperature = 4 ADC Code (d) - 512 4 Note that DB9 is removed from the ADC code in the negative temperature formula. Rev. E | Page 8 of 20 AD7414/AD7415 INTERNAL REGISTER STRUCTURE Table 6. Address Pointer Register The AD7414 has five internal registers, as shown in Figure 8. Four are data registers, and one is an address pointer register. P7 0 P6 0 P5 0 P4 0 P3 0 P2 0 P1 P0 Register Select Table 7. AD7414 Register Address TEMPERATURE VALUE REGISTER P1 0 0 1 1 CONFIGURATION REGISTER D A T A ADDRESS POINTER REGISTER THIGH REGISTER P0 0 1 0 1 Register Temperature value register (read-only) Configuration register (read/write) THIGH register (read/write) TLOW register (read/write) Table 8. AD7415 Register Address P1 0 0 SDA SERIAL BUS INTERFACE SCL 02463-008 TLOW REGISTER Figure 8. AD7414 Register Structure The AD7415 has three internal registers, as shown in Figure 9. Two are data registers, and one is an address pointer register. P0 0 1 Registers Temperature value register (read-only) Configuration register (read/write) Table 9. AD7414 Configuration Register D7 PD D6 FLTR 01 11 1 D5 ALERT EN 01 D4 ALERT POLARITY 01 D3 ALERT RESET 01 D2 ONE SHOT 01 D1 D0 TEST MODE 0s1 Default settings at power-up. CONFIGURATION REGISTER (ADDRESS 0X01) The configuration register is an 8-bit read/write register that is used to set the operating modes of the AD7414/AD7415. In the AD7414, six of the MSBs are used (D7 to D2) to set the operating modes (see Table 10). D0 and D1 are used for factory settings and must have zeros written to them during normal operation. TEMPERATURE VALUE REGISTER ADDRESS POINTER REGISTER CONFIGURATION REGISTER D A T A SCL 02463-009 Table 10. AD7414 Configuration Register Settings SDA Figure 9. AD7415 Register Structure Each data register has an address pointed to by the address pointer register when communicating with it. The temperature value register is the only data register that is read-only. D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 ADDRESS POINTER REGISTER The address pointer register is an 8-bit register that stores an address that points to one of the four data registers of the AD7414 and one of the two data registers of the AD7415. The first byte of every serial write operation to the AD7414/AD7415 is the address of one of the data registers, which is stored in the address pointer register and selects the data register to which subsequent data bytes are written. Only the 2 LSBs of this register are used to select a data register. Full power-down if = 1. Bypass SDA and SCL filtering if = 0. Disable ALERT if = 1. ALERT is active low if D4 = 0, ALERT is active high if D4 = 1. Reset the ALERT pin if set to 1. The next temperature conversion has the ability to activate the ALERT function. The bit status is not stored; thus this bit is 0 if read. Initiate a one shot temperature conversion if set to a 1. The bit status is not stored; thus this bit is 0 if read. Table 11. AD7415 Configuration Register D7 PD 01 1 D6 FLTR 11 D5 D4 D3 TEST MODE 0s1 Default settings at power-up. Rev. E | Page 9 of 20 D2 ONE SHOT 0s1 D1 D0 TEST MODE 0s1 AD7414/AD7415 In the AD7415, only three of the bits are used (D7, D6, and D2) to set the operating modes (see Table 12). D0, D1, and D3 to D5 are used for factory settings and must have zeros written to them during normal operation. Table 12. AD7415 Configuration Register Settings D7 D6 D2 Table 13. Temperature Value Register (First Read) D15 MSB D14 B8 D13 B7 D12 B6 D11 B5 D10 B4 D9 B3 D8 B2 Table 14. AD7414 Temperature Value Register (Second Read) Full power-down if = 1. Bypass SDA and SCL filtering if = 0. Initiate a one-shot temperature conversion if set to 1. The bit status is not stored; thus this bit is 0 if read. D7 B1 If the AD7414/AD7415 are in power-down mode (D7 = 1), a temperature conversion can still be initiated by the one-shot operation. This involves a write operation to the configuration register and setting the one-shot bit to 1 (D2 = 1), which causes the AD7414/AD7415 to power up, perform a single conversion, and power down again. This is a very power efficient mode. TEMPERATURE VALUE REGISTER (ADDRESS 0X00) The temperature value register is a 10-bit, read-only register that stores the temperature reading from the ADC in twos complement format. Two reads are necessary to read data from this register. Table 13 shows the contents of the first byte to be read, while Table 14 and Table 15 show the contents of the second byte to be read from the AD7414 and AD7415, respectively. In Table 14, D3 to D5 of the second byte are used as flag bits and are obtained from other internal registers. They function as follows: ALERT_Flag: The state of this bit is the same as that of the ALERT pin. D6 LSB D5 ALERT_Flag D4 THIGH_Flag D3 TLOW_Flag D2 0 D1 0 D0 0 Table 15. AD7415 Temperature Value Register (Second Read) D7 B1 D6 LSB D5 N/A D4 N/A D3 N/A D2 N/A D1 N/A D0 N/A AD7414 THIGH REGISTER (ADDRESS 0X02) The THIGH register (see Table 16) is an 8-bit, read/write register that stores the upper limit that activates the ALERT output. Therefore, if the value in the temperature value register is greater than the value in the THIGH register, the ALERT pin is activated (that is, if ALERT is enabled in the configuration register). Because it is an 8-bit register, the temperature resolution is 1C. Table 16. THIGH Register D7 MSB D6 B6 D5 B5 D4 B4 D3 B3 D2 B2 D1 B1 D0 B0 AD7414 TLOW REGISTER (ADDRESS 0X03) THIGH_Flag: This flag is set to 1 when the temperature measured goes above the THIGH limit. It is reset when the second temperature byte (Table 14) is read. If the temperature is still greater than the THIGH limit after the read operation, the flag is again. The TLOW register (see Table 17) is an 8-bit read/write register that stores the lower limit that deactivates the ALERT output. Therefore, if the value in the temperature value register is less than the value in the TLOW register, the ALERT pin is deactivated (that is, if ALERT is enabled in the configuration register). TLOW_Flag: This flag is set to 1 when the temperature measured goes below the TLOW limit. It is reset when the second temperature byte (Table 14) is read. If the temperature is still less than the TLOW limit after the read operation, the flag is set again. Because it is an 8-bit register, the temperature resolution is 1C. Table 17. TLOW Register D7 MSB The full theoretical span of the ADC is 255C, but in practice the temperature measurement range is limited to the operating range of the device, -40C to +125C for the A grade. Rev. E | Page 10 of 20 D6 B6 D5 B5 D4 B4 D3 B3 D2 B2 D1 B1 D0 B0 AD7414/AD7415 9 1 9 1 SCL 0 A2 1 0 A0 A1 P6 P7 R/W ACK. BY AD7414/AD7415 START BY MASTER P5 P3 P4 P1 P2 P0 ACK. BY AD7414/AD7415 FRAME 2 ADDRESS POINTER REGISTER BYTE FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE STOP BY MASTER Figure 10. Writing to the Address Pointer Register to Select a Register for a Subsequent Read Operation 1 9 1 9 *** SCL SDA 1 1 1 A2 1 R/W A0 A1 START BY MASTER P7 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 *** P0 ACK. BY AD7414/AD7415 ACK. BY AD7414/AD7415 FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE FRAME 2 ADDRESS POINTER REGISTER BYTE 1 9 SCL (CONTINUED) * * * SDA (CONTINUED) * * * D6 D7 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 02463-011 ACK. BY STOP BY AD7414/AD7415 MASTER FRAME 3 DATA BYTE Figure 11. Writing to the Address Pointer Register Followed by a Single Byte of Data to the Selected Register SCL 1 0 0 1 A2 A1 A0 D7 R/W D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 ACK. BY AD7414/AD7415 START BY MASTER D0 NO ACK. BY MASTER FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE STOP BY MASTER FRAME 2 SINGLE DATA BYTE FROM AD7414/AD7415 02463-012 SDA Figure 12. Reading a Single Byte of Data from a Selected Register 9 1 9 1 *** SCL 1 0 0 1 A2 A1 START BY MASTER A0 D15 R/W D14 D13 D12 D10 D11 D9 FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE *** D8 ACK. BY MASTER ACK. BY AD7414/AD7415 FRAME 2 MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE FROM AD7414/AD7415 9 1 SCL (CONTINUED) * * * SDA (CONTINUED) * * * D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 NO ACK. BY STOP BY MASTER MASTER FRAME 3 LEAST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE FROM AD7414/AD7415 Figure 13. Reading Two Bytes of Data from the Temperature Value Register Rev. E | Page 11 of 20 02463-013 SDA 02463-010 1 SDA AD7414/AD7415 SERIAL INTERFACE Control of the AD7414/AD7415 is carried out via the I2Ccompatible serial bus. The AD7414/AD7415 are connected to this bus as slave device, under the control of a master device, such as the processor. SERIAL BUS ADDRESS Like all I2C-compatible devices, the AD7414/AD7415 have a 7-bit serial address. The four MSBs of this address for the AD7414/AD7415 are set to 1001. The AD7414/AD7415 are available in four versions: AD7414/AD7415-0, AD7414/ AD7415-1, AD7414-2, and AD7414-3. The first two versions have three different I2C addresses available, which are selected by either tying the AS pin to GND, to VDD, or letting the pin float (see Table 4). By giving different addresses for the four versions, up to eight AD7414s or six AD7415s can be connected to a single serial bus, or the addresses can be set to avoid conflicts with other devices on the bus. The serial bus protocol operates as follows. The master initiates data transfer by establishing a START condition, defined as a high-to-low transition on the serial data line SDA, while the serial clock line SCL remains high. This indicates that an address/data stream follows. All slave peripherals connected to the serial bus respond to the START condition and shift in the next eight bits, consisting of a 7-bit address (MSB first) plus an R/W bit, which determines the direction of the data transfer and whether data is written to or read from the slave device. The peripheral whose address corresponds to the transmitted address responds by pulling the data line low during the low period before the ninth clock pulse, known as the acknowledge bit. All other devices on the bus remain idle while the selected device waits for data to be read from or written to it. If the R/W bit is 0, the master writes to the slave device. If the R/W bit is 1, the master reads from the slave device. Data is sent over the serial bus in sequences of nine clock pulses, eight bits of data followed by an acknowledge bit from the receiver of data. Transitions on the data line must occur during the low period of the clock signal and remain stable during the high period, because a low-to-high transition when the clock is high may be interpreted as a STOP signal. When all data bytes have been read or written, stop conditions are established. In WRITE mode, the master pulls the data line high during the 10th clock pulse to assert a STOP condition. In READ mode, the master device pulls the data line high during the low period before the ninth clock pulse. This is known as No Acknowledge. The master then takes the data line low during the low period before the 10th clock pulse, then high during the 10th clock pulse to assert a STOP condition. Any number of bytes of data may be transferred over the serial bus in one operation, but it is not possible to mix read and write in one operation. The type of operation is determined at the beginning and cannot then be changed without starting a new operation. WRITE MODE Depending on the register being written to, there are two different writes for the AD7414/AD7415. Writing to the Address Pointer Register for a Subsequent Read In order to read data from a particular register, the address pointer register must contain the address of that register. If it does not, the correct address must be written to the address pointer register by performing a single-byte write operation, as shown in Figure 10. The write operation consists of the serial bus address followed by the address pointer byte. No data is written to any of the data registers. A read operation is then performed to read the register. Writing a Single Byte of Data to the Configuration Register,THIGH Register, or TLOW Register All three registers are 8-bit registers, so only one byte of data can be written to each register. Writing a single byte of data to one of these registers consists of the serial bus address, the data register address written to the address pointer register, followed by the data byte written to the selected data register. This is illustrated in Figure 11. READ MODE Reading data from the AD7414/AD7415 is a 1- or 2-byte operation. Reading back the contents of the configuration register, the THIGH register, or the TLOW register is a single-byte read operation, as shown in Figure 12. The register address was previously set up by a single-byte write operation to the address pointer register. Once the register address has been set up, any number of reads can subsequently be performed from that register without having to write to the address pointer register again. To read from another register, the address pointer register has to be written to again to set up the relevant register address. Reading data from the temperature value register is a 2-byte operation, as shown in Figure 13. The same rules apply for a 2-byte read as a 1-byte read. Rev. E | Page 12 of 20 AD7414/AD7415 SMBUS ALERT OPERATING MODES The AD7414 ALERT output is an SMBus interrupt line for devices that want to trade their ability to master for an extra pin. The AD7414 is a slave-only device and uses the SMBus ALERT to signal to the host device that it wants to talk. The SMBus ALERT on the AD7414 is used as an overtemperature indicator. Mode 1 The ALERT pin has an open-drain configuration that allows the ALERT outputs of several AD7414s to be wire-AND'ed together when the ALERT pin is active low. Use D4 of the configuration register to set the active polarity of the ALERT output. The power-up default is active low. The ALERT function can be disabled or enabled by setting D5 of the configuration register to 1 or 0, respectively. The host device can process the ALERT interrupt and simultaneously access all SMBus ALERT devices through the alert response address. Only the device that pulled the ALERT low acknowledges the Alert Response Address (ARA). If more than one device pulls the ALERT pin low, the highest priority (lowest address) device wins communication rights via standard I2C arbitration during the slave address transfer. The ALERT output becomes active when the value in the temperature value register exceeds the value in the THIGH register. It is reset when a write operation to the configuration register sets D3 to 1 or when the temperature falls below the value stored in the TLOW register. The ALERT output requires an external pull-up resistor. This can be connected to a voltage different from VDD, provided the maximum voltage rating of the ALERT output pin is not exceeded. The value of the pull-up resistor depends on the application, but it should be as large as possible to avoid excessive sink currents at the ALERT output, which can heat the chip and affect the temperature reading. POWER-ON DEFAULTS The AD7414/AD7415 always power up with these defaults: Address pointer register pointing to the temperature value register. This is the power-on default mode of the AD7414/AD7415. In this mode, the AD7414/AD7415 does a temperature conversion every 800 ms and then partially powers down until the next conversion occurs. If a one-shot operation (setting D2 of the configuration register to a 1) is performed between automatic conversions, a conversion is initiated right after the write operation. After this conversion, the part returns to performing a conversion every 800 ms. Depending on where a serial port access occurs during a conversion, that conversion might be aborted. If the conversion is completed before the part recognizes a serial port access, the temperature register is updated with the new conversion. If the conversion is completed after the part recognizes a serial port access, the internal logic prevents the temperature register from being updated, because corrupt data could be read. A temperature conversion can start anytime during a serial port access (other than a one-shot operation), but the result of that conversion is loaded into the temperature register only if the serial port access is not active at the end of the conversion. Mode 2 The only other mode in which the AD7414/AD7415 operates is the full power-down mode. This mode is usually used when temperature measurements are required at a very slow rate. The power consumption of the part can be greatly reduced in this mode by writing to the part to go to a full power-down. Full power-down is initiated right after D7 of the configuration register is set to 1. When a temperature measurement is required, a write operation can be performed to power up the part and put it into one-shot mode (setting D2 of the configuration register to a 1). The power-up takes approximately 4 s. The part then performs a conversion and is returned to full power-down. The temperature value can be read in the full power-down mode, because the serial interface is still powered up. THIGH register loaded with 7Fh. TLOW register loaded with 80h. Configuration register loaded with 40h. Note that the AD7415 does not have any THIGH or TLOW registers. Rev. E | Page 13 of 20 AD7414/AD7415 The two modes of operation for the AD7414/AD7415 produce different power vs. throughput performances. Mode 2 is the sleep mode of the part, and it achieves the optimum power performance. Mode 1 In this mode, continuous conversions are performed at a rate of approximately one every 800 ms. Figure 14 shows the times and currents involved with this mode of operation for a 5 V supply. At 5 V, the current consumption for the part when converting is 1.1 mA typically, and the quiescent current is 188 A typically. The conversion time of 25 s plus power-up time of typically 4 s contributes 199.3 nW to the overall power dissipation in the following way: typically 4 s contributes 199.3 nW to the overall power dissipation in the following way: (29 s/800 ms) x (5 V x 1.1 mA) = 199.3 nW The contribution to the total power dissipated by the remaining time is 3.9 W. (799.971 ms/800 ms) x (5 V x 800 nA) = 3.9 W Thus the total power dissipated during each cycle is: 199.3 nW + 3.9 W = 940.16 W 1.1mA IDD (29 s/800 ms) x (5 x 1.1 mA) = 199.3 nW 800nA 800ms The contribution to the total power dissipated by the remaining time is 939.96 W. TIME Figure 15. Mode 2 Power Dissipation (799.97 ms/800 ms) x (5 x 1.1 A) = 199.3 W MOUNTING THE AD7414/AD7415 Thus the total power dissipated during each cycle is The AD7414/AD7415 can be used for surface or air temperature sensing applications. If the device is cemented to a surface with thermally conductive adhesive, the die temperature is within about 0.1C of the surface temperature, due to the device's low power consumption. Care should be taken to insulate the back and leads of the device from the air if the ambient air temperature is different from the surface temperature being measured. 199.3 nW + 939.96 W = 940.16 W 1.1mA 188A 800ms 29s TIME 02463-014 IDD 29s 02463-015 POWER VS. THROUGHPUT Figure 14. Mode 1 Power Dissipation Mode 2 In this mode, the part is totally powered down. All circuitry except the serial interface is switched off. The most power efficient way of operating in this mode is to use the one-shot method. Write to the configuration register and set the one-shot bit to a 1. The part powers up in approximately 4 s and then performs a conversion. Once the conversion is finished, the device powers down again until the PD bit in the configuration register is set to 0 or the one-shot bit is set to 1. Figure 15 shows the same timing as Figure 14 in mode 1; a one-shot is initiated every 800 ms. If we take the voltage supply to be 5 V, we can work out the power dissipation in the following way. The current consumption for the part when converting is 1.1 mA typically, and the quiescent current is 800 nA typically. The conversion time of 25 s plus the power-up time of The ground pin provides the best thermal path to the die, so the temperature of the die is close to that of the printed circuit ground track. Care should be taken to ensure that this is in good thermal contact with the surface being measured. As with any IC, the AD7414/AD7415 and their associated wiring and circuits must be kept free from moisture to prevent leakage and corrosion, particularly in cold conditions where condensation is more likely to occur. Water-resistant varnishes and conformal coatings can be used for protection. The small size of the AD7414/AD7415 packages allows them to be mounted inside sealed metal probes, which provide a safe environment for the devices. SUPPLY DECOUPLING The AD7414/AD7415 should at least be decoupled with a 0.1F ceramic capacitor between VDD and GND. This is particularly important if the AD7414/AD7415 are mounted remote from the power supply. Rev. E | Page 14 of 20 AD7414/AD7415 TEMPERATURE ACCURACY VS. SUPPLY TYPICAL TEMPERATURE ERROR GRAPH The temperature accuracy specifications are guaranteed for voltage supplies of 3 V and 5.5 V only. Figure 16 gives the typical performance characteristics of a large sample of parts over the full voltage range of 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Figure 17 gives the typical performance characteristics of one part over the full voltage range of 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Figure 18 shows the typical temperature error plots for one device with VDD at 3.3 V and at 5.5 V. 2 -40C 1 0 5.5V 1 0 -1 3.3V -2 -3 +40C -1 -4 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 95 100 110 125 TEMPERATURE (C) +85C -2 2 02463-018 TEMPERATURE ERROR (C) 3 3 TEMPERATURE ERROR (C) 4 4 Figure 18. Typical Temperature Error @ 3.3 V and 5.5 V -4 2.7 3.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.5 02463-016 -3 Figure 16. Typical Temperature Error vs. Supply for Large Sample of Parts Figure 19 shows a histogram of the temperature error at ambient temperature (40C) over approximately 6,000 units. Figure 19 shows that over 70% of the AD7414/AD7415 devices tested have a temperature error within 0.3C. 4 900 3 800 700 2 NUMBER OF UNITS -40C 1 0 +40C +85C -2 500 400 300 200 -3 -4 2.7 600 100 3.3 5.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.5 0 -1.08 -0.81 -0.54 -0.27 0 0.27 0.54 TEMPERATURE ERROR (C) 0.81 Figure 19. Ambient Temperature Error @ 3 V Figure 17. Typical Temperature Error vs. Supply for One Part Rev. E | Page 15 of 20 1.08 02463-019 -1 02463-017 TEMPERATURE ERROR (C) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE = 40C AD7414/AD7415 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 2.90 BSC 6 5 3.00 BSC 4 2.80 BSC 1.60 BSC 8 1 2 3 3.00 BSC PIN 1 INDICATOR 1 5 4.90 BSC 4 0.95 BSC 1.30 1.15 0.90 1.90 BSC PIN 1 0.65 BSC 1.45 MAX 0.15 MAX 0.50 0.30 1.10 MAX 0.15 0.00 0.22 0.08 10 4 0 SEATING PLANE 0.60 0.45 0.30 0.38 0.22 COPLANARITY 0.10 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-178AB 0.23 0.08 SEATING PLANE COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-187-AA Figure 20. 6-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package [SOT-23] (RT-6) Dimensions shown in millimeters Figure 21. 8-Lead Mini Small Outline Package [MSOP] (RM-8) Dimensions shown in millimeters 2.90 BSC 5 4 2.80 BSC 1.60 BSC 1 2 3 PIN 1 0.95 BSC 1.90 BSC 1.30 1.15 0.90 1.45 MAX 0.15 MAX 8 0 0.50 0.30 0.22 0.08 SEATING PLANE 10 5 0 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-178AA Figure 22. 5-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package [SOT-23] (RT-5) Dimensions shown in millimeters Rev. E | Page 16 of 20 0.60 0.45 0.30 0.80 0.60 0.40 AD7414/AD7415 ORDERING GUIDE Model AD7414ART-0REEL7 AD7414ART-0REEL AD7414ART-0500RL7 AD7414ARTZ-0REEL71 AD7414ARTZ-0REEL1 AD7414ARTZ-0500RL71 AD7414ARM-0REEL7 AD7414ARM-0REEL AD7414ARM-0 AD7414ARMZ-0REEL71 AD7414ARMZ-0REEL1 AD7414ARMZ-01 AD7414ART-1REEL7 AD7414ART-1REEL AD7414ART-1500RL7 AD7414ARTZ-1REEL71 AD7414ARTZ-1REEL1 AD7414ARTZ-1500RL71 AD7414ARM-1REEL7 AD7414ARM-1REEL AD7414ARM-1 AD7414ARMZ-1REEL71 AD7414ARMZ-1REEL1 AD7414ARMZ-11 AD7414ART-2REEL7 AD7414ART-2REEL AD7414ARTZ-2REEL71 AD7414ARTZ-2REEL1 AD7414ART-3REEL7 AD7414ART-3REEL AD7414ARTZ-3REEL71 AD7414ARTZ-3REEL1 AD7415ART-0REEL7 AD7415ART-0REEL AD7415ART-0500RL7 AD7415ARTZ-0REEL71 AD7415ARTZ-0REEL1 AD7415ARTZ-0500RL71 AD7415ART-1REEL7 AD7415ART-1REEL AD7415ART-1500RL7 AD7415ARTZ-1REEL71 AD7415ARTZ-1REEL1 AD7415ARTZ-1500RL71 EVAL-AD7414/15EB 1 Temperature Range -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C Typ Temperature Error @ 3 V 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C 2C Package Option RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-6 RT-5 RT-5 RT-5 RT-5 RT-5 RT-5 RT-5 RT-5 RT-5 RT-5 RT-5 RT-5 Z = Pb-free part. Rev. E | Page 17 of 20 Package Description 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 5-Lead SOT-23 Evaluation Board Branding CHA CHA CHA #CHA #CHA #CHA CHA CHA CHA TOL TOL TOL CHB CHB CHB TOH TOH TOH CHB CHB CHB TOH TOH TOH CHC CHC TOJ TOJ CHD CHD TOK TOK CGA CGA CGA #CGA #CGA #CGA CGB CGB CGB #CGB #CGB #CGB Minimum Quantities/Reel 3,000 10,000 500 3,000 10,000 500 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 500 3,000 10,000 500 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 500 3,000 10,000 500 3,000 10,000 500 3,000 10,000 500 AD7414/AD7415 NOTES Rev. E | Page 18 of 20 AD7414/AD7415 NOTES Rev. E | Page 19 of 20 AD7414/AD7415 NOTES Purchase of licensed I2C components of Analog Devices or one of its sublicensed Associated Companies conveys a license for the purchaser under the Philips I2C Patent Rights to use these components in an I2C system, provided that the system conforms to the I2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips. (c) 2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. C02463-0-4/05(E) Rev. E | Page 20 of 20