LMV7235M5XNOPB - NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR

LMV7231

LMV7231 Hex Window Comparator with 1.5% Precision and 400mV Reference

Literature Number: SNOSB45D

LMV7231

December 16, 2010

Hex Window Comparator with 1.5% Precision and 400mV

Reference

General Description

The LMV7231 is a 1.5% accurate Hex Window Comparator

which can be used to monitor power supply voltages. The

device uses an internal 400mV reference for the comparator

trip value. The comparator set points can be set via external

resistor dividers. The LMV7231 has 6 outputs (CO1-CO6)

that signal an under-voltage or over-voltage event for each

power supply input. An output (AO) is also provided to signal

when any of the power supply inputs have an over-voltage or

under-voltage event. This ability to signal an under-voltage or

over-voltage event for the individual power supply inputs, in

addition to an output to signal such an event on any of the

power supply inputs adds unparalleled system protection ca-

pability.

The LMV7231’s +2.2V to +5.5V power supply voltage range,

low supply current, and input/output voltage range above V+

make it ideal for a wide range of power supply monitoring ap-

plications. Operation is guaranteed over the -40°C to +125°C

temperature range. The device is available in a 24-pin LLP

package.

Features

(For VS = 3.3V ±10%, Typical unless otherwise noted)

■High accuracy voltage reference: 400 mV

■Threshold Accuracy: ±1.5% (max)

■Wide supply voltage range +2.2V to +5.5V

■Input/Output voltage range above V+

■Internal hysteresis: 6mV

■Propagation delay: 2.6 µs to 5.6 µs

■Supply Current 7.7 µA per channel

■24 lead LLP package

■Temperature range: -40°C to 125°C

Applications

■Power Supply Voltage Detection

■Battery Monitoring

■Handheld Instruments

■Relay Driving

■Industrial Control Systems

LMV7231 Hex Window Comparator with 1.5% Precision and 400mV Reference

Typical Application Circuit

30114944

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LMV7231

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,

please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/

Distributors for availability and specifications.

ESD Tolerance (Note 2)

Human Body Model 2000V

Machine Model 200V

Supply Voltage 6V

Voltage at Input/Output Pin 6V to (GND − 0.3V)

Output Current 10mA

Total Package Current 50mA

Storage Temp Range −65°C to +150°C

Junction Temperature (Note 3) 150°C

For soldering specifications:

see product folder at www.national.com and

www.national.com/ms/MS/MS-SOLDERING.pdf

Operating Ratings (Note 1)

Supply Voltage 2.2V to 5.5V

Junction Temperature Range

(Note 3) −40°C to +125°C

Package Thermal Resistance, θJA

24 Lead LLP 38°C/W

+3.3V Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TA = 25°C, V+ = 3.3V

±10%, GND = 0V, and RL > 1MΩ. Boldface limits apply for TA = –10°C to +70°C.

Symbol Parameter Condition Min

(Note 5)

Typ

(Note 4)

Max

(Note 5)ns Units

VTHR Threshold: Input Rising RL = 10kΩ394

391.4

400 406

408.6 mV

VTHF Threshold: Input Falling RL = 10kΩ386

383.8

394 401

403.2 mV

VHYST Hysteresis (VTHR − VTHF)RL = 10kΩ3.9 6.0 8.8 mV

IBIAS Input Bias Current VIN = V+, GND, and 5.5V –5

–15

0.05 5

15 nA

VOL Output Low Voltage IL = 5mA 160 200

250 mV

IOFF Output Leakage Current VOUT = V+, 5.5V and 40mV

of overdrive

0.4

1μA

tPDHL1

High-to-Low Propagation Delay (+IN

falling) 10mV of overdrive 2.6 6 μs

tPDHL2 High-to-Low Propagation Delay (-IN

rising) 10mV of overdrive 5.4 10 μs

tPDLH1

Low-to-High Propagation Delay (+IN

rising) 10mV of overdrive 5.6 10 μs

tPDLH2 Low-to-High Propagation Delay (-IN

falling) 10mV of overdrive 2.8 6 μs

trOutput Rise Time CL= 10pF, RL= 10kΩ 0.5 μs

tfOutput Fall Time CL = 100pF, RL = 10kΩ 0.25

0.3 μs

IIN(1) Digital Input Logic “1” Leakage Current 0.2

1μA

IIN(0) Digital Input Logic “0” Leakage Current 0.2

1μA

VIH Digital Input Logic “1” Voltage 0.70 × V+ V

VIL Digital Input Logic “0” Voltage 0.30 × V+ V

ISPower Supply Current No loading (outputs high) 46 60

84 μA

VTHPSS VTH Power Supply Sensitivity

(Note 6)

V+ Ramp Rate = 1.1ms

V+ Step = 2.5V to 4.5V

+400 μV

V+ Ramp Rate = 1.1ms

V+ Step = 4.5V to 2.5V

–400 μV

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LMV7231

Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is

intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.

Note 2: Human Body Model, applicable std. MIL-STD-883, Method 3015.7. Machine Model, applicable std. JESD22-A115-A (ESD MM std. of JEDEC) Field-

Induced Charge-Device Model, applicable std. JESD22-C101-C (ESD FICDM std. of JEDEC).

Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX), θJA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(MAX) -

TA) / θJA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC board.

Note 4: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm as determined at the time of characterization. Actual typical values may vary over time and will

also depend on the application and configuration. The typical values are not tested and are not guaranteed on shipped production material.

Note 5: Limits are 100% production tested at 25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlations using the Statistical Quality

Control (SQC) method.

Note 6: VTH Power Supply Sensitivity is defined as the temporary shift in the internal voltage reference due to a step on the V+ pin.

Connection Diagram

24-Pin LLP Package (Top View)

30114942

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LMV7231

Pin Descriptions

Pin Symbol Type Description

1 -IN1 Analog Input Negative input for window comparator 1.

2 +IN1 Analog Input Positive input for window comparator 1.

3 -IN2 Analog Input Negative input for window comparator 2.

4 +IN2 Analog Input Positive input for window comparator 2.

5 -IN3 Analog Input Negative input for window comparator 3.

6 +IN3 Analog Input Positive input for window comparator 3.

7 -IN4 Analog Input Negative input for window comparator 4.

8 +IN4 Analog Input Positive input for window comparator 4.

9 -IN5 Analog Input Negative input for window comparator 5.

10 +IN5 Analog Input Positive input for window comparator 5.

11 -IN6 Analog Input Negative input for window comparator 6.

12 +IN6 Analog Input Positive input for window comparator 6.

13 RESERVED Digital Input Connect to GND.

14 GND Power Ground reference pin for the power supply voltage.

15 COPOL Digital Input

The state of this pin determines whether the CO1-CO6 pins

are active “HIGH” or “LOW”. When tied LOW the CO1-CO6

outputs will go LOW to indicate an out of window

comparison.

16 AOSEL Digital Input

The state of this pin determines whether the AO pin is active

on an over-voltage or under-voltage event. When tied LOW

the AO output will be active upon an over-voltage event.

17 AO Open-Drain NMOS

Digital Output

This output is the ANDED combination of either the over-

voltage comparator outputs or the under-voltage

comparator outputs and is controlled by the state of the

AOSEL. AO pin is active “LOW”.

18 CO6 Open-Drain NMOS

Digital Output Window comparator 6 NMOS open-drain output.

19 CO5 Open-Drain NMOS

Digital Output Window comparator 5 NMOS open-drain output.

20 CO4 Open-Drain NMOS

Digital Output Window comparator 4 NMOS open-drain output.

21 CO3 Open-Drain NMOS

Digital Output Window comparator 3 NMOS open-drain output.

22 CO2 Open-Drain NMOS

Digital Output Window comparator 2 NMOS open-drain output.

23 CO1 Open-Drain NMOS

Digital Output Window comparator 1 NMOS open-drain output.

24 V+ Power Power supply pin.

DAP DAP Thermal Pad Die Attach Paddle (DAP) connect to GND.

Ordering Information

Package Part Number Package Marking Transport Media NSC Drawing

24−Pin LLP

NOPB

LMV7231SQ L7231SQ 1000 Units Tape and Reel SQA24A

LMV7231SQE 250 Units Tape and Reel

LMV7231SQX 4500 Units Tape and Reel

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LMV7231

Block Diagram

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LMV7231

Typical Performance Characteristics V+ = 3.3V and TA =25°C unless otherwise noted.

+In Input Rising Threshold Distribution

30114976

−In Input Rising Threshold Distribution

30114979

+In Input Falling Threshold Distribution

30114977

−In Input Falling Threshold Distribution

30114980

+In Hysteresis Distribution

30114978

−In Hysteresis Distribution

30114981

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LMV7231

Input Rising Threshold Voltage vs. Temperature

30114946

Input Rising Threshold Voltage vs. Supply Voltage

30114947

Input Falling Threshold Voltage vs. Temperature

30114948

Input Falling Threshold Voltage vs. Supply Voltage

30114949

Hysteresis vs. Temperature

30114950

Hysteresis vs. Supply Voltage

30114951

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LMV7231

Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage and Temperature

30114952

Supply Current vs. Output Sink Current

30114971

Supply Current vs. Output Sink Current

30114972

Supply Current vs. Output Sink Current

30114973

Supply Current vs. Output Sink Current

30114974

Bias Current vs. Input Voltage

30114961

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LMV7231

Bias Current vs. Input Voltage

30114962

Bias Current vs. Input Voltage

30114963

Output Voltage Low vs. Output Sink Current

30114964

Output Voltage Low vs. Output Sink Current

30114965

Output Voltage Low vs. Output Sink Current

30114966

Output Voltage Low vs. Output Sink Current

30114967

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LMV7231

Output Short Circuit Current vs. Output Voltage

30114968

Output Short Circuit Current vs. Output Voltage

30114969

Propagation Delay vs. Input Overdrive

30114960

Rise and Fall Times vs. Output Pull-Up Resistor

30114970

Propagation Delay

30114975

Output Leakage Current vs. Output Voltage

30114984

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LMV7231

Output Leakage Current vs. Output Voltage

30114985

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LMV7231

Application Information

3 RESISTOR VOLTAGE DIVIDER SELECTION

The LMV7231 trip points can be set by external resistor di-

viders as shown in Figure 1

30114953

FIGURE 1. External Resistor Dividers

Each trip point, over-voltage, VOV, and under-voltage, VUV,

can be optimized for a falling supply, VTHF, or a rising supply,

VTHR. Therefore there are 22 = 4 different optimization cases.

Exiting the voltage detection window (Figure 2), entering the

window (Figure 3), rising into and out of the window (Figure

4), falling into and out of the window (Figure 5). Note that for

each case each trip point can be optimized for either a rising

or falling signal, not both. The governing equations make it

such that if the same resistor, R3, and over/under-voltage ra-

tio, VOV/VUV, is used across the channels the same nominal

current will travel through the resistor ladder. As a result R2

will also be the same across channels and only R1 needs to

change to set voltage detection window maximizing reuse of

resistor values and minimizing design complexity. Select the

R3 resistor value to be below 100kΩ so the current through

the divider ladder is much greater than the LMV7231 bias

current. If the current traveling through the resistor divider is

on the same magnitude of the LMV7231 IBIAS, the IBIAS current

will create error in your circuit and cause trip voltage shifts.

Keep in mind the greatest error due to IBIAS will be caused

when that current passes through the greatest equivalent re-

sistance, REQ = R1‖(R2+R3), which will be seen by the

positive input of the window comparator, +IN.

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LMV7231

30114954

FIGURE 2. Exiting the Voltage Detection Window

30114955

FIGURE 3. Entering the Voltage Detection Window

30114956

FIGURE 4. Rising Into and Out Of the Voltage Detection

Window

30114957

FIGURE 5. Falling Into and Out Of the Voltage Detection

Window

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LMV7231

INPUT/OUTPUT VOLTAGE RANGE ABOVE V+

The LMV7231 Hex Window Comparator with 1.5% precision

can accurately monitor up to 6 power rails or batteries at one

time. The input and output voltages of the device can exceed

the supply voltage, V+, of the comparator, and can be up to

the absolute maximum ratings without causing damage or

performance degradation. The typical µC input pin with crow-

bar diode ESD protection circuitry will not allow the input to

go above V+, and thus its usefulness is limited in power sup-

ply supervision applications.

The supply independent inputs of the window comparator

blocks allow the LMV7231 to be tolerant of system faults. For

example if the power is suddenly removed from the LMV7231

due to a system malfunction yet there still exists a voltage on

the input, this will not be an issue as long as the monitored

input voltage does not exceed absolute maximum ratings.

Another example where this feature comes in handy is a bat-

tery sense application such as the one in Figure 6. The boards

may be sitting on the shelf unbiased with V+ grounded, and

yet have a fully charged battery on board. If the comparator

measuring the battery had crowbar diodes, the diode from –

IN to V+ would turn on, sourcing current from the battery

eventually draining the battery. However, when using the

LMV7231 no current, except the low input bias current of the

device, will flow into the chip, and the battery charge will be

preserved.

30114958

FIGURE 6. Battery Sense Application

The output pin voltages of the device can also exceed the

supply voltage, V+, of the comparator. This provides extra

flexibility and enables designs which pull up the outputs to

higher voltage levels to meet system requirements. For ex-

ample it’s possible to run the LMV7231 at its minimum oper-

ating voltage, V+ = +2.2V, but pull up the output up to the

absolute maximum ratings to bias a blue LED, with a forward

voltage of VF = +4V.

In a power supply supervision application the hardwired

LMV7231 is a sound solution compared to the uC with soft-

ware alternative for several reasons. First, startup is faster.

During startup you don’t need to account for code loading

time, oscillator ramp time, and reset time. Second, operation

is quick. The LMV7231 has a maximum propagation delay in

the µs and isn’t affected by sampling and conversion delays

related to reading data, calculating data, and setting flags.

Third, less overhead. The LMV7231 doesn’t require an ex-

pensive power consuming microcontroller nor is it dependent

on controller code which could get damaged or crash.

POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING

Bypass the supply pin, V+, with a 0.1 μF ceramic capacitor

placed close to the V+ pin. If transients with rise/fall times of

100’s μs and magnitudes of 100’s mV are expected on the

power supply line a RC low pass filter network as shown in

Figure 7 is recommended for additional bypassing. If no such

bypass network is used power supply transients can cause

the internal voltage reference of the comparator to temporarily

shift potentially resulting in a brief incorrect comparator out-

put. For example if an RC network with 100Ω resistance and

10μF capacitance (1.1ms rise time) is used the voltage ref-

erence will shift temporarily the amount, VTH Power Supply

Sensitivity (VTHPSS), specified in the Electrical Characteris-

tics table.

30114959

FIGURE 7. Power Supply Bypassing

POWER SUPPLY SUPERVISION

Figure 8 shows a power supply supervision circuit utilizing the

LMV7231. This application uses the efficient, easy to use

LM25007 step-down switching regulator. This switching reg-

ulator can handle a 9V – 42V input voltage range and it’s

regulated output voltage is set to 5V with R2 = R3 = 3kΩ.

Resistor R6 and capacitors C6, C7 are utilized to minimize

output ripple voltage per the LM25007 evaluation board ap-

plication note.

The comparator voltage window is set to 5V +/- 5% by

R7=1.15kΩ , R8=10Ω, R9=95.3Ω. See 3 RESISTOR VOLT-

AGE DIVIDER SELECTION section in the Application Infor-

mation section of the datasheet for details on how to set the

comparator voltage window.

With components selected the output ripple voltage seen on

the LM25007 is approximately 30 - 35mV and is reduced to

about 4mV at the comparator input, +IN1, by the resistor di-

vider. This ripple voltage can be reduced multiple ways. First,

user can operate the device in continuous conduction mode

rather than discontinuous conduction mode. To do this in-

crease the load current of the device (see LM25007 datasheet

for more details). However, make sure not to exceed the pow-

er rating of the resistors in the resistor ladder. Second, ripple

can be reduced further with a bypass cap, C9, at the resistor

divider. If desired a user can select a 1uF capacitor to achieve

less than 3mV ripple at +IN1. However, there is a tradeoff and

adding capacitance at this node will lower the system re-

sponse time.

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LMV7231

30114944

FIGURE 8. Power Supply Supervision

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LMV7231

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

24-Pin LLP Package

NS Package Number SQA24A

17 www.national.com

LMV7231

LMV7231 Hex Window Comparator with 1.5% Precision and 400mV Reference

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