TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 D D D D D D Equivalent Full-Range Temperature Coefficient . . . 30 ppm/C 0.2- Typical Output Impedance Sink-Current Capability . . . 1 mA to 100 mA Low Output Noise Adjustable Output Voltage . . . Vref to 36 V Available in a Wide Range of High-Density Packages description The TL431 and TL431A are three-terminal adjustable shunt regulators with specified thermal stability over applicable automotive, commercial, and military temperature ranges. The output voltage can be set to any value between Vref (approximately 2.5 V) and 36 V, with two external resistors (see Figure 17). These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2 . Active output circuitry provides a very sharp turn-on characteristic, making these devices excellent replacements for Zener diodes in many applications, such as onboard regulation, adjustable power supplies, and switching power supplies. The TL431C and TL431AC are characterized for operation from 0C to 70C, and the TL431I and TL431AI are characterized for operation from -40C to 85C. D PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) CATHODE ANODE ANODE NC 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 REF ANODE ANODE NC P OR PW PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) CATHODE NC NC NC 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 REF NC ANODE NC DBV PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) NC 1 NC 2 CATHODE 3 5 ANODE 4 REF NC - No internal connection KTP PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) CATHODE ANODE ANODE REF LP PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) CATHODE ANODE REF PK PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) REF ANODE CATHODE Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGED DEVICES SMALLOUTLINE (D) 0C to 70C TL431CD TL431ACD -40C to 85C TL431ID TL431AID TA SOT-23 (DBV) PLASTIC FLANGE MOUNT (KTP) TO-226AA (LP) PLASTIC DIP (P) TL431CDBVR TL431CKTPR TL431CLP TL431ACLP TL431CP TL431ACP TL431ILP TL431AILP TL431IP TL431AIP PLASTIC SHRINK SMALL-OUTLINE (PW) TL431CPWR TL431ACPWR SOT-89 (PK) TL431CPKR TL431IPKR The D, LP, and PW packages are available taped and reeled. The DBV, KTP, and PK packages are only available taped and reeled. Add the suffix R to device type (e.g., TL431CDR). symbol REF ANODE CATHODE functional block diagram CATHODE + REF _ Vref ANODE equivalent schematic CATHODE 800 800 20 pF REF 150 3.28 k 2.4 k 7.2 k 4 k 20 pF 1 k 800 ANODE All component values are nominal. 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 10 k TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) Cathode voltage, VKA (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 V Continuous cathode current range, IKA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -100 mA to 150 mA Reference input current range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -50 A to 10 mA Package thermal impedance, JA (see Notes 2 and 3): D package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97C/W DBV package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206C/W KTP package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28C/W LP package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156C/W P package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85C/W PK package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52C/W PW package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149C/W Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65C to 150C Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTES: 1. Voltage values are with respect to the anode terminal unless otherwise noted. 2. Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), JA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) - TA)/JA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150C can affect reliability. 3. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51-7. recommended operating conditions Cathode voltage, VKA Cathode current, IKA TL431C, TL431AC free air temperature range, range TA Operating free-air TL431I, TL431AI POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 MIN MAX Vref 1 36 UNIT V 100 mA 0 70 -40 85 C 3 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, TA = 25C (unless otherwise noted) TEST CIRCUIT PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS IKA = 10 mA TL431C UNIT MIN TYP MAX 2440 2495 2550 mV 4 25 mV -1.4 -2.7 -1 -2 mV V Vref Reference voltage 2 VKA = Vref, VI(dev) Deviation of reference voltage over full temperature range (see Figure 1) 2 VKA = Vref, IKA = 10 mA, TA = 0C to 70C DVref DVKA Ratio of change g in reference voltage g to the change in cathode voltage 3 IKA = 10 mA Iref Reference current 3 IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = 2 4 A II(dev) Deviation of reference current over full temperature range (see Figure 1) 3 IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = , TA = 0C to 70C 0.4 1.2 A Imin Minimum cathode current for regulation 2 VKA = Vref 0.4 1 mA Ioff Off-state cathode current 4 0.1 1 A |zKA| Dynamic impedance (see Figure 1) 1 VKA = 36 V, Vref = 0 IKA = 1 mA to 100 mA, VKA = Vref, f 1 kHz 0.2 0.5 VKA = 10 V - Vref VKA = 36 V - 10 V The deviation parameters Vref(dev) and Iref(dev) are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the recommended temperature range. The average full-range temperature coefficient of the reference voltage, Vref, is defined as: a Vref ppm C + V I(dev) V at 25C ref DTA Maximum Vref 10 6 VI(dev) Minimum Vref TA where: TA is the recommended operating free-air temperature range of the device. Vref can be positive or negative, depending on whether minimum Vref or maximum Vref, respectively, occurs at the lower temperature. Example: maximum Vref = 2496 mV at 30C, minimum Vref = 2492 mV at 0C, Vref = 2495 mV at 25C, TA = 70C for TL431C + aVref 4 mV 2495 mV 70C 10 6 [ 23 ppmC Because minimum Vref occurs at the lower temperature, the coefficient is positive. Calculating Dynamic Impedance + DD V The dynamic impedance is defined as: z KA KA I KA When the device is operating with two external resistors (see Figure 3), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: DV z |z | 1 R1 KA DI R2 + [ ) Figure 1. Calculating Deviation Parameters and Dynamic Impedance 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, TA = 25C (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CIRCUIT TEST CONDITIONS IKA = 10 mA TL431I UNIT MIN TYP MAX 2440 2495 2550 mV 5 50 mV -1.4 -2.7 -1 -2 mV V Vref Reference voltage 2 VKA = Vref, VI(dev) Deviation of reference voltage over full temperature range (see Figure 1) 2 VKA = Vref, IKA = 10 mA, TA = -40C to 85C DVref DVKA Ratio of change g in reference voltage g to the change in cathode voltage 3 IKA = 10 mA Iref Reference current 3 IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = 2 4 A II(dev) Deviation of reference current over full temperature range (see Figure 1) 3 IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = , TA = -40C to 85C 0.8 2.5 A Imin Minimum cathode current for regulation 2 VKA = Vref 0.4 1 mA Ioff Off-state cathode current 4 0.1 1 A |zKA| Dynamic impedance (see Figure 1) 2 VKA = 36 V, Vref = 0 IKA = 1 mA to 100 mA, VKA = Vref, f 1 kHz 0.2 0.5 VKA = 10 V - Vref VKA = 36 V - 10 V electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, TA = 25C (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CIRCUIT TEST CONDITIONS UNIT TYP MAX 2470 2495 2520 mV 4 25 mV -1.4 -2.7 -1 -2 mV V Vref Reference voltage 2 VKA = Vref, VI(dev) Deviation of reference voltage over full temperature range (see Figure 1) 2 VKA = Vref, IKA = 10 mA, TA = 0C to 70C DVref DVKA Ratio of change g in reference voltage g to the change in cathode voltage 3 IKA = 10 mA Iref Reference current 3 IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = 2 4 A II(dev) Deviation of reference current over full temperature range (see Figure 1) 3 IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = , TA = 0C to 70C 0.8 1.2 A Imin Minimum cathode current for regulation 2 VKA = Vref 0.4 0.6 mA Ioff Off-state cathode current 4 0.1 0.5 A |zKA| Dynamic impedance (see Figure 1) 1 VKA = 36 V, Vref = 0 IKA = 1 mA to 100 mA, VKA = Vref, f 1 kHz 0.2 0.5 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 IKA = 10 mA TL431AC MIN VKA = 10 V - Vref VKA = 36 V - 10 V * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, TA = 25C (unless otherwise noted) TEST CIRCUIT PARAMETER 6 TEST CONDITIONS UNIT TYP MAX 2470 2495 2520 mV 5 50 mV -1.4 -2.7 -1 -2 mV V Vref Reference voltage 2 VKA = Vref, VI(dev) Deviation of reference voltage over full temperature range (see Figure 1) 2 VKA = Vref, IKA = 10 mA, TA = -40C to 85C DVref DVKA Ratio of change g in reference voltage g to the change in cathode voltage 3 IKA = 10 mA Iref Reference current 3 IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = 2 4 A II(dev) Deviation of reference current over full temperature range (see Figure 1) 3 IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = , TA = -40C to 85C 0.8 2.5 A Imin Minimum cathode current for regulation 2 VKA = Vref 0.4 0.7 mA Ioff Off-state cathode current 4 0.1 0.5 A |zKA| Dynamic impedance (see Figure 1) 2 VKA = 36 V, Vref = 0 IKA = 1 mA to 100 mA, VKA = Vref, f 1 kHz 0.2 0.5 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 IKA = 10 mA TL431AI MIN VKA = 10 V - Vref VKA = 36 V - 10 V * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VKA Input IKA Vref Figure 2. Test Circuit for VKA = Vref Input VKA IKA R1 Iref R2 Vref V KA +V ) ) ref 1 R1 R2 I ref R1 Figure 3. Test Circuit for VKA > Vref Input VKA Ioff Figure 4. Test Circuit for Ioff POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 1. Graphs FIGURE Reference input voltage vs Free-air temperature 5 Reference input current vs Free-air temperature 6 Cathode current vs Cathode voltage 7, 8 Off-state cathode current vs Free-air temperature 9 Ratio of delta reference voltage to change in cathode voltage vs Free-air temperature 10 Equivalent input noise voltage vs Frequency 11 Equivalent input noise voltage over a 10-second period 12 Small-signal voltage amplification vs Frequency 13 Reference impedance vs Frequency 14 Pulse response 15 Stability boundary conditions 16 Table 2. Application Circuits FIGURE 8 Shunt regulator 17 Single-supply comparator with temperature-compensated threshold 18 Precision high-current series regulator 19 Output control of a three-terminal fixed regulator 20 High-current shunt regulator 21 Crowbar circuit 22 Precision 5-V 1.5-A regulator 23 Efficient 5-V precision regulator 24 PWM converter with reference 25 Voltage monitor 26 Delay timer 27 Precision current limiter 28 Precision constant-current sink 29 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE REFERENCE CURRENT vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 2600 VKA = Vref IKA = 10 mA 5 R1 = 10 k R2 = IKA = 10 mA Vref = 2550 mV 2560 2540 I ref - Reference Current - A V ref - Reference Voltage - mV 2580 2520 Vref = 2495 mV 2500 2480 2460 Vref = 2440 mV 2440 2420 2400 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 100 75 4 3 2 1 125 0 -75 TA - Free-Air Temperature - C -50 Data is for devices having the indicated value of Vref at IKA = 10 mA, TA = 25C. -25 Figure 5 50 75 100 125 CATHODE CURRENT vs CATHODE VOLTAGE 150 800 VKA = Vref TA = 25C VKA = Vref TA = 25C 100 I KA - Cathode Current - A I KA - Cathode Current - mA 25 Figure 6 CATHODE CURRENT vs CATHODE VOLTAGE 125 0 TA - Free-Air Temperature - C 75 50 25 0 -25 -50 600 Imin 400 200 0 -75 -100 -2 -200 -1 0 2 1 3 -1 VKA - Cathode Voltage - V 0 1 2 3 VKA - Cathode Voltage - V Figure 7 Figure 8 Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the recommended operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS RATIO OF DELTA REFERENCE VOLTAGE TO DELTA CATHODE VOLTAGE vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE OFF-STATE CATHODE CURRENT vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE - 0.85 VKA = 36 V Vref = 0 VKA = 3 V to 36 V - 0.95 2 V ref / V KA - mV/V I off - Off-State Cathode Current - A 2.5 1.5 1 0.5 0 -75 -1.05 -1.15 -1.25 -1.35 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -1.45 -75 125 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TA - Free-Air Temperature - C TA - Free-Air Temperature - C Figure 9 Figure 10 EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE vs FREQUENCY Vn - Equivalent Input Noise Voltage - nV/ Hz 260 IO = 10 mA TA = 25C 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 10 100 1k 10 k 100 k f - Frequency - Hz Figure 11 Data at high and low temperatures are applicable only within the recommended operating free-air temperature ranges of the various devices. 10 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE OVER A 10-SECOND PERIOD V n - Equivalent Input Noise Voltage - V 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 f = 0.1 to 10 Hz IKA = 10 mA TA = 25C -4 -5 -6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 t - Time - s 19.1 V 1 k 500 F 910 2000 F VCC TL431 (DUT) 820 + VCC 1 F TLE2027 AV = 10 V/mV + - 16 k 16 160 k 16 k 1 F TLE2027 To Oscilloscope 22 F - 33 k AV = 2 V/V 0.1 F 33 k VEE VEE Figure 12. Test Circuit for Equivalent Input Noise Voltage POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 11 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS SMALL-SIGNAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION vs FREQUENCY A V - Small-Signal Voltage Amplification - dB 60 IKA = 10 mA TA = 25C 50 Output 15 k IKA 232 40 9 F + 30 - 8.25 k 20 GND 10 0 1k TEST CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION 10 k 100 k 1M 10 M f - Frequency - Hz Figure 13 REFERENCE IMPEDANCE vs FREQUENCY |z KA | - Reference Impedance - 100 IKA = 10 mA TA = 25C 1 k Output 10 IKA 50 - + GND 1 TEST CIRCUIT FOR REFERENCE IMPEDANCE 0.1 1k 10 k 100 k 1M 10 M f - Frequency - Hz Figure 14 12 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS PULSE RESPONSE 6 TA = 25C Input Input and Output Voltage - V 5 220 Output 4 Pulse Generator f = 100 kHz 3 50 Output GND 2 TEST CIRCUIT FOR PULSE RESPONSE 1 0 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 t - Time - s Figure 15 STABILITY BOUNDARY CONDITIONS 100 I KA - Cathode Current - mA 90 80 A VKA = Vref B VKA = 5 V C VKA = 10 V D VKA = 15 Vf 150 TA = 25C IKA + VBATT CL B - 70 Stable 60 C Stable 50 A TEST CIRCUIT FOR CURVE A 40 30 D IKA 20 10 0 0.001 150 R1 = 10 k CL + 0.01 0.1 1 10 R2 CL - Load Capacitance - F - The areas under the curves represent conditions that may cause the device to oscillate. For curves B, C, and D, R2 and V+ were adjusted to establish the initial VKA and IKA conditions with CL = 0. VBATT and CL then were adjusted to determine the ranges of stability. VBATT TEST CIRCUIT FOR CURVES B, C, AND D Figure 16 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 13 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION R (see Note A) VI(BATT) VO R1 0.1% Vref TL431 VO R2 0.1% + 1 ) R1 V R2 ref RETURN NOTE A: R should provide cathode current 1 mA to the TL431 at minimum VI(BATT). Figure 17. Shunt Regulator VI(BATT) VO TL431 Von 2 V Voff VI(BATT) Input VIT 2.5 V GND Figure 18. Single-Supply Comparator With Temperature-Compensated Threshold VI(BATT) R (see Note A) 2N222 2N222 30 0.01 F VO 4.7 k TL431 + 1 ) R1 V R2 VO R2 0.1% R1 0.1% NOTE A: R should provide cathode current 1 mA to the TL431 at minimum VI(BATT). Figure 19. Precision High-Current Series Regulator 14 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 ref TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION VI(BATT) IN uA7805 OUT Common VO R1 TL431 + 1 ) R1 V R2 Minimum V + V ) 5 V VO ref ref O R2 Figure 20. Output Control of a Three-Terminal Fixed Regulator VI(BATT) VO R1 VO + 1 ) R1 V R2 ref TL431 R2 Figure 21. High-Current Shunt Regulator VI(BATT) VO R1 TL431 R2 C (see Note A) NOTE A: Refer to the stability boundary conditions in Figure 16 to determine allowable values for C. Figure 22. Crowbar Circuit POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 15 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION IN VI(BATT) LM317 8.2 k OUT Adjust VO 5 V, 1.5 A 243 0.1% TL431 243 0.1% Figure 23. Precision 5-V 1.5-A Regulator VO 5 V VI(BATT) Rb (see Note A) 27.4 k 0.1% TL431 27.4 k 0.1% NOTE A: Rb should provide cathode current 1 mA to the TL431. Figure 24. Efficient 5-V Precision Regulator 12 V VCC 6.8 k 5V 10 k - 10 k 0.1% TL431 10 k 0.1% + X Not Used TL598 Feedback Figure 25. PWM Converter With Reference 16 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION R3 (see Note A) VI(BATT) R4 (see Note A) R1B R1A TL431 R2A V + 1 ) R1B R2B High Limit + 1 ) R1A V R2A Low Limit ref ref LED on When Low Limit < VI(BATT) < High Limit R2B NOTE A: R3 and R4 are selected to provide the desired LED intensity and cathode current 1 mA to the TL431 at the available VI(BATT). Figure 26. Voltage Monitor 650 12 V 2 k R TL431 Off Delay +R C In * 12 V 12 V V ref C On Figure 27. Delay Timer RCL 0.1% VI(BATT) R1 TL431 IO I out + RV ) I R1 + ref CL KA V I(BATT) I O h FE )I KA Figure 28. Precision Current Limiter POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 17 TL431, TL431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS SLVS005M - JULY 1978 - REVISED OCTOBER 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION VI(BATT) IO IO TL431 + VR ref S RS 0.1% Figure 29. Precision Constant-Current Sink 18 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI's standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. Customers are responsible for their applications using TI components. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer's applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. 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Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated 1 of 3 Products Development Tools Applications Search PRODUCT FOLDER | PRODUCT INFO: FEATURES | DESCRIPTION | DATASHEETS | PRICING/AVAILABILITY | SAMPLES | APPLICATION NOTES | BLOCK DIAGRAMS PRODUCT SUPPORT: APPLICATIONS TL431, Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulator DEVICE STATUS: ACTIVE PARAMETER NAME TL431 Vref (V) 2.5 IZ (min) (uA) 1000 VO (max) (V) 36 Tolerance (%) 2 VI (max) (V) 36 Temp Coeff (typ) (ppm/ degree C) 30 IZ (max) (mA) 100 Back to Top FEATURES l Equivalent Full-Range Temperature Coefficient...30 ppm/C 0.2- Typical Output Impedance Sink-Current Capability...1 mA to 100 mA Low Output Noise Adjustable Output Voltage...V to 36 V l Available in a Wide Range of High -Density Packages l l l l ref Back to Top DESCRIPTION The TL431 and TL431A are three-terminal adjustable shunt regulators with specified thermal stability over applicable automotive, commercial, and military temperature ranges. The output voltage can be set to any value between V (approximately 2.5 V) and 36 V, with two ref external resistors (see Figure 17). These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2 . Active output circuitry provides a very sharp turn-on characteristic, making these devices excellent replacements for Zener diodes in many applications, such as onboard regulation, adjustable power supplies, and switching power supplies. The TL431C and TL431AC are characterized for operation from 0C to 70C, and the TL431I 2 of 3 and TL431AI are characterized for operation from -40C to 85C. Back to Top TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS To view the following documents, Acrobat Reader 3.x is required. To download a document to your hard drive, right-click on the link and choose 'Save'. Back to Top DATASHEET Full datasheet in Acrobat PDF: slvs005m.pdf (279 KB) ( Updated: 10/04/2000) Full datasheet in Zipped PostScript: slvs005m.psz (246 KB) Back to Top APPLICATION NOTES l PowerFLEX (TM) -- Surface-Mount Alternative For Through-Hole Power Packages (SZZA015 - Updated: 04/08/1999) Back to Top BLOCK DIAGRAMS l l Desktop PC Notebook PC Back to Top SAMPLES ORDERABLE DEVICE PACKAGE PINS TEMP (C) STATUS DSCC NUMBER TL431CLP LP 3 0 TO 70 ACTIVE Request Samples TL431IPK PK 3 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE Request Samples Back to Top PRICING/AVAILABILITY ORDERABLE DEVICE SAMPLES PACKAGE PINS TEMP (C) STATUS BUDGETARY PRICE US$/UNIT QTY=1000+ PACK QTY DSCC NUMBER PRICING/AVAILABILITY TL431CD D 8 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.27 75 Check stock or order TL431CDBVR DBV 5 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.30 3000 Check stock or order TL431CDR D 8 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.30 2500 Check stock or order TL431CKTPR KTP 2 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.30 3000 Check stock or order TL431CLP LP 3 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.30 1000 Check stock or order TL431CLPBTDJ LP 3 S OBSOLETE TL431CLPM LP 3 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.30 2000 Check stock or order TL431CLPR LP 3 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.33 2000 Check stock or order TL431CP P 8 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.27 50 Check stock or order 0 TO 3 of 3 TL431CPK PK 3 70 ACTIVE TL431CPS PS 8 0 TO 70 ACTIVE Check stock or order TL431CPSLE PS 8 OBSOLETE Replaced by TL431CPSR TL431CPSR PS 8 TL431CPWLE PW 8 TL431CPWR PW 8 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.30 2000 Check stock or order TL431ID D 8 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.42 75 Check stock or order TL431IDBVR DBV 5 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.45 3000 Check stock or order TL431IDR D 8 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.45 2500 Check stock or order TL431ILP LP 3 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.42 1000 Check stock or order TL431ILPM LP 3 -40 TO OBSOLETE 85 TL431ILPR LP 3 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.45 2000 Check stock or order TL431IP P 8 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.42 50 Check stock or order TL431IPK PK 3 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 1.00 1000 Check stock or order TL431MFKB FK 20 -55 TO OBSOLETE 125 TL431MJG JG 8 -55 TO OBSOLETE 125 TL431MJGB JG 8 -55 TO OBSOLETE 125 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.52 0.67 1000 2000 Check stock or order Check stock or order Replaced by TL431CPWR OBSOLETE Table Data Updated on: 11/26/2000 (c) Copyright 2000 Texas Instruments Incorporated. All rights reserved. Trademarks | Privacy Policy | Important Notice 1 of 2 Products Development Tools Applications Search PRODUCT FOLDER | PRODUCT INFO: FEATURES | DESCRIPTION | DATASHEETS | PRICING/AVAILABILITY | APPLICATION NOTES PRODUCT SUPPORT: APPLICATIONS TL431A, Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulator DEVICE STATUS: ACTIVE PARAMETER NAME TL431A Vref (V) 2.5 IZ (min) (uA) 1000 VO (max) (V) 36 Tolerance (%) 1 VI (max) (V) 36 Temp Coeff (typ) (ppm/ degree C) 30 IZ (max) (mA) 100 Back to Top FEATURES l Equivalent Full-Range Temperature Coefficient...30 ppm/C 0.2- Typical Output Impedance Sink-Current Capability...1 mA to 100 mA Low Output Noise Adjustable Output Voltage...V to 36 V l Available in a Wide Range of High -Density Packages l l l l ref DESCRIPTION Back to Top The TL431 and TL431A are three-terminal adjustable shunt regulators with specified thermal stability over applicable automotive, commercial, and military temperature ranges. The output voltage can be set to any value between Vref (approximately 2.5 V) and 36 V, with two external resistors (see Figure 17). These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2 . Active output circuitry provides a very sharp turn-on characteristic, making these devices excellent replacements for Zener diodes in many applications, such as onboard regulation, adjustable power supplies, and switching power supplies. The TL431C and TL431AC are characterized for operation from 0C to 70C, and the TL431I and TL431AI are characterized for operation from -40C to 85C. 2 of 2 Back to Top TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS To view the following documents, Acrobat Reader 3.x is required. To download a document to your hard drive, right-click on the link and choose 'Save'. Back to Top DATASHEET Full datasheet in Acrobat PDF: slvs005m.pdf (279 KB) ( Updated: 10/04/2000) Full datasheet in Zipped PostScript: slvs005m.psz (246 KB) Back to Top APPLICATION NOTES l PowerFLEX (TM) -- Surface-Mount Alternative For Through-Hole Power Packages (SZZA015 - Updated: 04/08/1999) Back to Top PRICING/AVAILABILITY ORDERABLE DEVICE PACKAGE PINS TEMP (C) STATUS BUDGETARY PRICE US$/UNIT QTY=1000+ PACK QTY PRICING/AVAILABILITY TL431ACD D 8 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.33 75 Check stock or order TL431ACDR D 8 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.33 2500 Check stock or order TL431ACLP LP 3 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.33 1000 Check stock or order TL431ACLPM LP 3 S ACTIVE 0.37 2000 Check stock or order TL431ACLPR LP 3 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.37 2000 Check stock or order TL431ACP P 8 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.33 50 Check stock or order TL431ACPS PS 8 0 TO 70 ACTIVE TL431ACPW PW 8 0 TO 70 OBSOLETE TL431ACPWR PW 8 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 0.33 2000 Check stock or order TL431AID D 8 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.42 75 Check stock or order TL431AIDR D 8 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.45 2500 Check stock or order TL431AILP LP 3 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.42 1000 Check stock or order TL431AILPR LP 3 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.45 2000 Check stock or order TL431AIP P 8 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 0.42 50 Check stock or order Check stock or order Table Data Updated on: 11/26/2000 (c) Copyright 2000 Texas Instruments Incorporated. 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