Data Sheet ADGS1212
Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 24
THEORY OF OPERATION
The ADGS1212 is a set of serially controlled, quad SPST switches
with error detection features. SPI Mode 0 and SPI Mode 3 can
be used with the device, and it operates with SCLK frequencies
up to 50 MHz. The default mode for the ADGS1212 is address
mode in which the registers of the device are accessed by a
16-bit SPI command that is bounded by CS. The SPI command
becomes 24 bit if the user enables CRC error detection. Other
error detection features include SCLK count error and invalid
read/write error. If any of these SPI interface errors occur, they
are detectable by reading the error flags register. The ADGS1212
can also operate in two other modes: burst mode and daisy-
chain mode.
The interface pins of the ADGS1212 are CS, SCLK, SDI, and
SDO. Hold CS low when using the SPI interface. Data is
captured on SDI on the rising edge of SCLK, and data is
propagated out on SDO on the falling edge of SCLK. SDO has an
open-drain output; thus, connect a pull-up to this output. When
not pulled low by the ADGS1212, SDO is in a high impedance
state.
ADDRESS MODE
Address mode is the default mode for the ADGS1212 on power
up. A single SPI frame in address mode is bounded by a CS
falling edge and the succeeding CS rising edge. It is comprised
of 16 SCLK cycles. The timing diagram for address mode is
shown in Figure 34. The first SDI bit indicates if the SPI
command is a read or write command. When the first bit is set
to 0, a write command is issued, and if the first bit is set to 1, a
read command is issued. The next seven bits determine the target
register address. The remaining eight bits provide the data to the
addressed register. The last eight bits are ignored during a read
command, because during these clock cycles, SDO propagates out
the data contained in the addressed register.
The target register address of an SPI command is determined on
the eighth SCLK rising edge. Data from this register propagates out
on SDO from the 9th to the 16th SCLK falling edge during SPI
reads. A register write occurs on the 16th SCLK rising edge
during SPI writes.
During any SPI command, SDO sends out eight alignment bits
on the first eight SCLK falling edges. The alignment bits observed
at SDO are 0x25 by default.
ERROR DETECTION FEATURES
Protocol and communication errors on the SPI interface are
detectable. There are three detectable errors: incorrect SCLK count
error detection, invalid read and write address error detection,
and CRC error detection. Each of these errors has a
corresponding enable bit in the error configuration register. In
addition, there is an error flag bit for each of these errors in the
error flags register.
Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Error Detection
The CRC error detection feature extends a valid SPI frame by
8 SCLK cycles. These eight extra cycles are needed to send the CRC
byte for that SPI frame. The CRC byte is calculated by the SPI block
using the 16-bit payload: the R/W A bit, Register Address Bits[6:0],
and Register Data Bits[7:0]. The CRC polynomial used in the
SPI block is x8 + x2 + x1 + 1 with a seed value of 0. For a timing
diagram with CRC enabled, see Figure 35. Register writes occur
at the 24th SCLK rising edge with CRC error checking enabled.
During a SPI write, the microcontroller/central processing unit
(CPU) provides the CRC byte through SDI. The SPI block checks
the CRC byte just before the 24th SCLK rising edge. On this same
edge, the register write is prevented if an incorrect CRC byte is
received by the SPI interface. The CRC error flag is asserted in
the error flags register in the case of the incorrect CRC byte
being detected.
During a SPI read, the CRC byte is provided to the microcontroller
through SDO.
The CRC error detection feature is disabled by default and can
be configured by the user through the error configuration register.
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0SDO
R/W A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
12345678910 11 12 13 14 15 16
SDI
SCLK
CS
15936-033
Figure 34. Address Mode Timing Diagram
0 0 1 D7 D6 D0 C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0SDO
R/W A6 A0 D7 D6 D0 C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0
1 2 8 9 10 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
SDI
SCLK
CS
15936-034
Figure 35. Timing Diagram with CRC Enabled