ADCM-1650-3011 - Agilent / Hewlett-Packard

Agilent Technologies

Description

The ADCM-1650 ultra compact CMOS

camera module is an advanced, low-

power CIF resolution camera

component for embedded applications.

The camera module combines an

Agilent CMOS image sensor and image

processing pipeline with a high quality

lens to deliver images in JPEG format

(optional) that are ready for storage or

transmission. Output data can be

transmitted using a serial or parallel

port.

The ADCM-1650 camera module

features a quality, integral lens in a

tightly integrated sensor and image

processing design. The camera module

is optimized for use in a variety of

embedded applications from cell

phones and handheld wireless devices

to image-enabled appliances and

automotive design.

Incorporating an optional CCIR 656-

compatible 8-bit parallel interface, or a

JPEG or YCbCr interface (serial or

parallel), the ADCM-1650 supports

industry-leading data resolutions as

well as sub-sampling.

The ADCM-1650 camera module also

supports a range of programmable

modes, including support for

embedded or external sync

capabilities, extending design

flexibility.

Features

•CIF resolution

• Bayer color filters - blue, red and

green

• Frame rate - 15 frames per second @

CIF resolution

• Flexible orientation

• Programmable to many image

formats:

• CIF (352 x 288)

• QVGA (320 x 240)

• QCIF (176 x 144)

• QQVGA (160 x 120)

• QQCIF (88 x 72)

• Any other format 352 x 352 or

smaller

• Panning and digital zoom

• Window can be placed anywhere in

the 352 x 352 array

• Low power - 80 mW typical at 13

MHz input clock

• High intrinsic sensitivity for

enhanced low light performance

• Single power supply with internal

voltage regulation

• High quality F/2.6 lens

• Fully configurable image processing

• Direct JPEG or YCbCr 8-bit parallel

output port (CCIR 656-compatible)

• Embedded sync capability - CCIR 656

• Horizontal/vertical mirroring and

subsampling

• Optimized temperature performance

• Excellent image quality - JPEG based

compression with selectable

quantization tables

• Automatic gathering of frame

statistics including histograms for

each color channel

• Adaptive quantization in JPEG

•Image resizer

• Auto exposure and auto white

balance

• Integrated IR filter

• Compact size: 8.5 x 8.0 x 7.9 mm

(with cover glass)

Applications

• Mobile phones

• Video phones

• Personal Digital Assistants

• Digital still mini cameras

• Image-enabled applicancy

• Embedded automotive

• Monitoring equipment

Agilent ADCM-1650-3011

CIF Resolution CMOS

Camera Module

Data Sheet

General Specifications

Block Diagram

Feature Value

Output Format 8-bit parallel YCbCr CCIR 656-compliant

8-bit parallel YCbCr or RGB or JPEG

Serial YCbCr or JPEG

Maximum Frame Rates 15 fps @ 352 x 288 (CIF)

Image Modes Grayscale and full color

YCbCr (YUV) Formats 4:4:4 YCbCr and 4:2:2 Y1Cb12Y2Cr12

Gamma Correction 33 value programmable interpolated table

Data Synchronization End_of_Line, End_of_Frame, Data_Clock

Video Synchronization HSYNC, VSYNC, VCLK

Serial Control Identification 0 x 50

Supply Voltage Requirements 2.65 to 3.1 volts

External Clock Frequency 4 - 32 MHz

Power Consumption 80 mW typical, < 50 3W in low power mode

Scene Illumination (Minimum) 5 lux

Data,

Control

Demosaic Color

Balance

Gamma

Correction

CCIR 656

Pixel

Correction

Down

Sampling

Image Processor IC

Clock – PLL

Colorspace

Conversion

M_CLK

Voltage

Regulation

YCbCr 4:2:2 Only

Configuration

Registers

Serial Control

Interface S_CLK

JPEG

Parallel

Serial

Any

Format

VCC

GND

Image

Statistics

JPEG

Control

Camera

Controller

Timing Control

Auto

Exposure

Pixel Color

Gain Ratios

Auto White

Balance

Pixel G ains

CCIR 656

Control

Test

Generator

RGB

YCbCr

Sensor IC

Pixel

Array

A/D Converter

Sensor

Controller

Window Size

Control

Sizer

Sensor Config

Registers

D0 - D7

SDATA

F2.6

Lens

ADCM-1650 Camera Module Data Sheet

ADCM-1650-3011 Block Diagram Description

Function Description

A/D Converter Converts analog pixel output voltages to 8-bit digital values

Auto Exposure (AE) Adjusts the sensor exposure for the amount of light present in the window

Auto White Balance (AWB) Accommodates the slight color shifts that affect white in different kinds of light (daylight,

fluorescent, incandescent). The camera module performs white balancing by digitally

changing the gain-ratio of the red, blue and green channels and by adjusting the color-

balancing matrix. White objects in the scene always look white in the final image.

Camera Controller Overall functions of the camera module are centrally controlled by the camera controller.

CCIR-656 Control Determines the logic levels and which type of sync codes to use.

CCIR-656 Output Accomplished by using the parallel port with CCIR-656 formatted data. Data can be output

with either external horizontal and vertical sync signals, or using embedded sync codes.

Clock – PLL Allows very fine control over the system and sensor clock speeds

Color Balance Physical properties of optics dictate that images from the sensor are not perfectly matched

to the human eye. This block improves the color fidelity of the image and increases

saturation.

Color Space Conversion Programmable color space conversion function to convert RGB values to different color

spaces. The RGB values are multiplied by a 3 x 3 transform coefficient matrix and then

offset. RGB to YCbCr is the default color space conversion.

Configuration Registers Control all of the features of the camera module

Demosaic Performs color interpolation to produce all three (red, blue and green) color components

for each pixel location

Down-Sampling Data is sent from the camera in either 4:4:4 mode (no down-sampling) or 4:2:2 mode

(chrominance down-sampled)

Gamma Correction Pixel values acquired from the image sensor are a linear function of the light present in the

original window. In CRT monitors, the intensity produced by the display is a non-linear

function of the pixel value. This non-linear relationship is characterized by a “gamma”

curve. The gamma corrects the image data for display on a computer monitor.

Sizer Allows the output size of the image to be different than the image input from the sensor,

without changing the field of view. This is done by interpolating the new data values from

the sensor pixels. The sizer only interpolates down to smaller images.

Image Statistics Registers contain data for each color plane, are used by the auto exposure and auto white

balance functions and are also readable.

JPEG Compression Once the image is converted into YCbCr color space, it can be compressed with baseline

DCT JPEG compression. To reduce the amount of data transmitted, the camera module

does not transmit the JPEG JFIF header, but an index to the Q-table used in the

compression.

JPEG Control Determines the JPEG compression level

Lens High quality F/2.6 single element lens

Parallel Output Outputs data using a parallel port with a data clock

Optical Specifications

Pixel Array Image sensor consists of a 352 x 352 pixel array which can be read in portrait (288 x 352) or

landscape (352 x 288) mode. The array can be windowed to any size between 352 x 352 and

24 x 24. It can also be mirrored in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

Pixel Color Gain Ratios Controlled by the auto white balance function, these ratios set the differential gains of the

color channels

Pixel Correction Reduces the effects of pixel mismatch

Pixel Gain Analog gain is controlled by the auto exposure block

Sensor Controller Block controls the interface between the image sensor IC and the image processor IC

Sensor Configuration

Registers

Control detailed functions of the image sensor. Programming of these registers is done

through four image pipeline registers.

Serial Control Interface Camera module registers are programmed using this interface

Test Generator Block generates color bars and other patterns to test the image pipeline IC

Timing Control Exposure control for the image sensor

Voltage Regulation Camera module has internal voltage regulators

Window Size Control Sensor output can be windowed to any location on the sensor. Beginning and ending rows

and columns can be specified, allowing the window to be any size, in any location.

Function Description

Pixel Count 352 x 352 (programmable: 352 x 288 landscape mode; 288 x 352 portrait mode)

Pixel Size 4.9 3m x 4.9 3m

Effective Fill Factor ~ 80%

IR Filter Integrated

Lens Type Plastic singlet aspheric

Focal Length 1.85 mm

F/# 2.6

Focus Fixed focus

Depth of Focus 100 mm to infinity

Field of View 55° full angle (horizontal in landscape mode, vertical in portrait mode)

Distortion 4%

ADCM-1650-3011 Block Diagram Description (continued)

Function Description

ADCM-1650 Camera Module Data Sheet

Image Data Flow

The following table shows the flow of data from the sensor, through the image pipeline and out of the camera module.

Image Data Flow Description

Function Description Settings / Options

Image Data from the Sensor Raw data from the sensor is input to the

image pipeline

Auto Exposure

Auto White Balance

Adjusts sensor gain and exposure time to

meet target average pixel luminance

Equalizes average pixel luminance among

color channels

Initialize and configure the statistic functions

using AEWB_AUTO and AEWB_STATUS

registers. See “Auto Exposure and White

Balance Functions” in the ADCM-1650

Camera Module Technical Reference Manual

for descriptions of the configuration

registers.

Statistics Collects image statistics such as peak

values, pixel sums and histograms on a one-

to-many frame basis

Enable/disable using the STAT_CAP_CNTL

and STA_MODE_CNTL registers. See “Image

Statistics and Histograms” in the ADCM-

1650 Camera Module Technical Reference

Manual for descriptions of the outputs.

Pixel Correction Corrects pixel values for mismatched pixels On/off using the CFG_MAIN2 register

Demosaic Converts raw Bayer pattern pixel data into

red, green and blue image planes

On/off using the CFG_MAIN2 register

Color Balance Adjusts for the color filter response of the

image sensor

Use default or custom color correction

matrices

Gamma Correction Applies a non-linear transfer function to the

image data

Select bottom weighted or linear lookup table

using the CFG_MAIN1 register. Use default

or custom table.

Sizer Interpolates the image to a smaller size Select input and output height and width

using the SZR_IN_W, SZR_IN_H,

SZR_OUT_W, SZR_OUT_H registers

Color Space Conversion Converts RGB data to the desired color space Use default (RGB to YCbCr) or custom

conversion matrices. Conversion to YCbCr

prepares the data for down-sampling and

JPEG compression.

Down-Sampling Reduces the resolution of the chrominance

channel to compress the data

Select down-sampling mode (grayscale, 4:4:4

or 4:2:2) using a register

Data Output Data is output using the CCIR parallel port, or

the serial or parallel port with YCbCr data or

JPEG compression

Select modes using the CCIR_TIMING,

CCIR_CONFIG, Y_MAX, Y_MIN, CbCr_MAX,

CbCr_MIN, CFG_MAIN1 and CFG_MAIN2

registers.

Electrical Specifications

The descriptions in square brackets are the pin definitions when in JPEG mode. The unbracketed descriptions are for

parallel/CCIR mode,

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Parameter Symbol Minimum Maximum Units Notes

Storage Temperature TS-40 85 °C

Operating Temperature TA-25 65 °C

Humidity RH 5 95 % Non-condensing

Supply Voltage VCC -0.5 3.3 V

ESD 2 kV All pins, human body model

MIL 883 Method 3015

Input Voltage VIN -0.02 3.3 V All input pins

Recommended Operating Conditions

Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units Notes

Operating Temperature TA-25 25 65 °C

VCC Voltage VCC 2.65 2.8 3.1 V

VCC Rise Time VCC_RT 10 ms

VCC Supply Noise VCC_N 50 mV Vp-p within 0 - 1.5 kHz

External Clock Frequency

Duty Cycle

M_CLK 4

MHz

Serial Control Clock Frequency S_CLK 100 100 kHz Minimum M_CLK = 4 MHz

DC Electrical Specifications (Typical Values at 25° C, VCC = 2.8 V)

Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units Notes

Supply Current (Normal Mode) ICC 26 mA @ 13 MHz

Supply Current (Low Power) ICC 500 3A Power-on, M_CLK stopped

Supply Current (Power OFF) ICC 53AON/OFF = OFF

All pins except S_CLK and SDATA

Input Low Voltage VIL 0.6 V

Input High Voltage VIH 1.8 2.8 V

Output Low Voltage VOL 00.4V

Output High Voltage VOH 1.8 V

Input Low Current IIL < - 5 < 5 3A@ 0.0 V

ADCM-1650 Camera Module Data Sheet

Input High Current IIH < - 5 < 5 3A @ 2.5 V

S_CLK and SDATA

Input Low Voltage VIL_S 0.6 V

Input High Voltage VIH_S 2.2 3.6 V

Output Low Voltage VOL_S 0.4 V @ 3 mA sink current

Output High Voltage VOH_S V Output voltage depends on

external pull-up resistor and

VCC value

AC Electrical Specifications (Typical Values at 25° C, VCC = 2.8 V)

Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units Notes

Video Clock Frequency VCLK 4 13 32 MHz User programmable

Frame Rate 15 frame/s User programmable

ON/OFF Rise Time tOF 40 mV/3SSlew rate

Data Output (DATA_[7:0],

VCLK, HSYNC, VSYNC)

Rise Time tDR 1.9 2.9 4.2 ns VOH = 2.4 V

Fall Time tDF 2.1 3.1 4.3 ns VOH = 2.4 V

S_CLK, S_DATA

Rise Time tDCR ns Depends on external pull-

up resistor, VCC value, line

capacitance

Fall Time tDCF 20 250 ns

Input Pin Capacitance CIN 5.2 pF

DC Electrical Specifications (Typical Values at 25° C, VCC = 2.8 V)

Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units Notes

Pinout

Location Signal Name Type Description Notes

1 GND Common System Ground

2 M_CLK Input Module Clock

3 VSYNC Output Vertical Sync [End_of_Frame]

4 DATA0 Output Parallel Data 0

5 DATA1 Output Parallel Data 1

6 DATA2 Output Parallel Data 2

7 DATA3 Output Parallel Data 3

8 DATA4 Output Parallel Data 4

9 DATA5 Output Parallel Data 5

10 DATA6 Output Parallel Data 6

11 DATA7 Output Parallel Data 7

12 VCLK Output Video Clock [Data_Ready]

13 HSYNC Output Horizontal Sync [End_of_Line]

14 ON/OFF Input Voltage Regulator Control

15 S_CLK Input Serial Interface Control Clock

16 S_DATA Input/Output Serial Interface Control Data

17 VCC Input Voltage Input

18 GND Common System Ground

Pin 1

ADCM-1650 Camera Module Data Sheet

Power Up Timing

Parameter Symbol Minimum Units Notes

VCC to ON !tON 0ms

ON ! to M_CLK ON tM_CLK 3ms

M_CLK ON to First Serial Communication tSETUP 2048 Cycles of M_CLK

Time from VCC OFF to VCC ON tVCCOFF 600 ms

Time from ON # to ON ! tON/OFF 50 ms If VCC left ON

M_CLK

Serial Control

Interface

tON

tMCLK ...

...

tSETUP

VCC

...

tVCCOFF

...

tON/OFF

Current Draw vs. Window Size

CIF QCIF QQCIF QVGA QQVGA

Window Size Programmed

Current Draw (mA) @ 13 MHz

Current Draw vs. M_CLK

4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32

Clock Speed (MHz)

Current Draw (mA)

VCLK Timing

Note that data is asserted on the rising edge of VCLK (default) but can be programmed using the camera module registers to

be asserted on the falling edge.

VCLK, HSYNC Timing

VCLK

Data[7:0]

HSYNC

VSYNC

VCLK

HSYNC

First Active Data

M_CLK

...

Data[7:0] Cb01 Cr01

Y0Y1Y2

00 Y3

Cb23 YN00CrN-1N

...

ADCM-1650 Camera Module Data Sheet

Serial Control Pads Equivalent Circuits

I/O Pad Equivalent Circuit

2.8V to 3.3 V

0.0 to 1.8V

Reference

Voltage

ESD

Diode

Stack

Serial Control Pad

IO Pad

Pad

“Dirty GND”

Input

Device

Control

Reference V.

Reference

Power Pad 1.8V Shunt

1.8V

2.8V

“Cl ean” GND

2.8V Shunt

Camera Orientation

To take pictures “right side up”, orient the camera looking towards the camera. The image can be electronically flipped either

horizontally or vertically.

Mechanical Drawings

R 5.50

8.00

4.50

1.00

8.50

4.25

1.40

0.90

22.63 Ref

12.96 Ref

1.35

Polyamide

Stiffiner

Pin 1

4.23

1.20

7.68

6.73

Ø 8.00

5.72

1.96

.046

.030 5.27

.030

0.030

8.009.50

4.00

2 - Ø 1.20

4.25

6.60

0.70

1.00

ADCM-1650 Camera Module Data Sheet

Programmable Registers

The ADCM-1650 camera module has programmable registers in the image pipeline IC and the image sensor IC. See “Serial

Control Interface” in the ADCM-1650 Camera Module Technical Reference Manual for details on usage and programming of

the registers.

Image Pipeline Registers

Mnemonic Description Mnemonic Description

REV Revision RESTART JPEG Restart Marker Interval

CFG_MAIN1 Main Configuration 1 Q_TABLE_SELECT Index to JPEG Q-Tables

CFG_MAIN2 Main Configuration 2 G1_G2_THRESH Green Filter Threshold

PLL_CTRL PLL Control PC_BAD_PIX Number of Bad Pixels, Current Frame

PLL_QCNT PLL QCNT Coefficient EXT_CLK_DIV External Clock Divisor

PLL_PCNT1 PLL P1 Coefficient P_OUTPUT_SPEED Parallel Output Data Speed

PLL_PCNT0 PLL P0 Coefficient UFL_THRESHOLD Auto Q Adjust Underflow Threshold

PLL_M PLL M Coefficient AEWB_CTRL Auto Functions Control

PLL_SUM PLL SUM Coefficient OFL_THRESHOLD Auto Q Adjust Overflow Threshold

PLL_DIVBY PLL Divby Coefficient SER_CTRL_TMG Serial Control Timing

T_DGEN_W Test Data Generator Width (pixels) T_DGEN_M Test Data Generator Mode Control

T_DGEN_H Test Data Generator Height (pixels) QTABLE_SEL_MAX Maximum Value of QTABLE_SELECT

APS_COEF_GRN1 Green 1 Color Gain Coefficient QTABLE_SEL_MIN Minimum Value of QTABLE_SELECT

APS_COEF_RED Red Color Gain Coefficient STATUS General Image Pipeline Status

APS_COEF_BLUE Blue Color Gain Coefficient I_WIDTH Current Image Width (Read Only)

APS_COEF_GRN2 Green 2 Color Gain Coefficient I_HEIGHT Current Image Height (Read Only)

PC_SF_PED Pixel Control Scale Factor, Pedestal SENSOR_ADDRESS Sensor Interface Address

PC_OUTL Pixel Control Outliers SENSOR_DATA1 Sensor Interface Data Word 1

SZR_IN_W Sizer Input Width SENSOR_DATA2 Sensor Interface Data Word 2

SZR_IN_H Sizer Input Height SENSOR_CTRL Sensor Interface Control

SZR_OUT_W Sizer Output Width AEWB_AUTO Auto-Exposure/White Balance

Function

SZR_OUT_H Sizer Output Height AEWB_STATUS Auto-Exposure/White Balance Status

CC_COEF_00 Color Correction Coefficient 00 GAIN_MIN Minimum Gain

CC_COEF_01 Color Correction Coefficient 01 GAIN_MAX Maximum Gain

CC_COEF_02 Color Correction Coefficient 02 ETIME_MIN Minimum Exposure Time

CC_COEF_10 Color Correction Coefficient 10 ETIME_MAX Maximum Exposure Time

CC_COEF_11 Color Correction Coefficient 11 ETIME_DEFAULT Default Exposure Time

CC_COEF_12 Color Correction Coefficient 12 TWO_AC_CYCLES Two AC Cycle Time Exposure

CC_COEF_20 Color Correction Coefficient 20 ONE_AC_CYCLE One AC Cycle Time Exposure

CC_COEF_21 Color Correction Coefficient 21 HALF_AC_CYCLE One Half AC Cycle Time Exposure

CC_COEF_22 Color Correction Coefficient 22 AE_TARGET Auto Exposure Target

CC_OFFSET_0 Color Correction Offset 0 AE_TOL Auto Exposure Tolerance

CC_OFFSET_1 Color Correction Offset 1 AWB_TOL Auto White Balance Tolerance

CC_OFFSET_2 Color Correction Offset 2 AWB_RED_MIN Minimum Red/Green Ratio

CSC_COEF_00 Color Space Conversion Coefficient 00 AWB_RED_MAX Maximum Red/Green Ratio

CSC_COEF_01 Color Space Conversion Coefficient 01 AWB_RED_DFLT Default Red/Green Ratio

CSC_COEF_02 Color Space Conversion Coefficient 02 AWB_BLUE_MIN Minimum Blue/Green Ratio

CSC_COEF_10 Color Space Conversion Coefficient 10 AWB_BLUE_MAX Maximum Blue/Green Ratio

CSC_COEF_11 Color Space Conversion Coefficient 11 AWB_BLUE_DFLT Default Blue/Green Ratio

CSC_COEF_12 Color Space Conversion Coefficient 12 STAT_CAP_CTRL Image Statistics Capture Control

CSC_COEF_20 Color Space Conversion Coefficient 20 STAT_MODE_CTRL Image Statistics Mode Control

CSC_COEF_21 Color Space Conversion Coefficient 21 GREEN1_SUM Green 1 Sum Data

CSC_COEF_22 Color Space Conversion Coefficient 22 NEG_CLIP_CNT Negative Clip Count

CSC_OFFSET_0 Color Space Conversion Offset 0 POS_CLIP_CNT Positive Clip Count

CSC_OFFSET_1 Color Space Conversion Offset 1 PEAK_DATA Peak Sensor Data

CSC_OFFSET_2 Color Space Conversion Offset 2 NEG_CLIP_CNT Negative Clip Count

RED_SUM Red Sum Data Y_MAX Clip Y Values to this Maximum

GREEN2_SUM Green 2 Sum Data Y_MIN Clip Y Values to this Minimum

BLUE_SUM Blue Sum Data CbCr_MAX Clip CbCr Values to this Maximum

APS_DM_CONFIG Sensor Data Mode CbCr_MIN Clip CbCr Values to this Maximum

CCIR_TIMING CCIR Timing Control SSC_PERIOD Sensor Serial Clock Period

CCIR_CONFIG CCIR Configuration

Image Pipeline Registers (continued)

Mnemonic Description Mnemonic Description

ADCM-1650 Camera Module Data Sheet

Image Sensor Registers

Mnemonic Description Mnemonic Description

IDENT Identification SROWEXP Sub Row Exposure

STATUS Status ERROR Errors

ICTRL Interface Control HBLANK Horizontal Blank

ITMG Interface Timing VBLANK Vertical Blank

FWROW First Window Row CONFIG Configuration

FWCOL First Window Column CONTROL Control

LWROW Last Window Row TEST0 Test Control 0

LWCOL Last Window Column TEST1 Test Control 1

TCTRL Timing Control TEST2 Test Control 2

ERECPGA PGA Gain: Even Row, Even Column TEST3 Test Control 3

EROCPGA PGA Gain: Even Row, Odd Column PRST Preset Pulse Width Control

ORECPGA PGA Gain: Odd Row, Even Column TEST4 Test Control 4

OROCPGA PGA Gain: Odd Row, Odd Column TEST5 Test Control 5

ROWEXPL Row Exposure Low CONFIG_2 Configuration 2

ROWEXPH Row Exposure High

ADCM-1650 Camera Module Data Sheet

Agilent Technologies

www.agilent.com/semiconductors

For product information and a complete list of distributors,

please go to our web site.

For technical assistance call:

Americas/Canada: +1 (800) 235-0312 or (408) 654-8675

Europe: +49 (0) 6441 92460

China: 10800 650 0017

Hong Kong: (+65) 6271 2451

India, Australia, New Zealand: (+65) 6271 2394

Japan: (+81 3) 3335-8152 (Domestic/International) or

0120-61-1280 (Domestic Only)

Korea: (+65) 6271 2194

Malaysia, Singapore: (+65) 6271 2054

Taiwan: (+65) 6271 2654

Data subject to change without notice.

February 19, 2003

5988-8934EN