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A / D CONVERTERS - SMT
0
0 - 11
HMCAD1040-40
v01.0411
DUAL 10-BIT 20/40 MSPS
A/D CONVERTER
Figure 7 shows AC-coupling using capacitors.
Resistors from the CM_EXT output, RCM, should be
used to bias the differential input signals to the correct
voltage. The series capacitor, CI, form the high-
pass pole with these resistors, and the values must
therefore be determined based on the requirement to
the high-pass cut-off frequency.
Figure 7. AC coupled input
Figure 8. Alternative input network
Note that startup time from Sleep Mode and Power
Down Mode will be affected by this lter as the time
required to charge the series capacitors is dependent
on the lter cut-off frequency.
If the input signal has a long traveling distance, and
the kick-backs from the ADC not are effectively
terminated at the signal source, the input network of
gure 8 can be used. The conguration in gure 8 is
designed to attenuate the kickback from the ADC and
to provide an input impedance that looks as resistive
as possible for frequencies below Nyquist. Values
of the series inductor will however depend on board
design and conversion rate. In some instances a
shunt capacitor in parallel with the termination resistor
(e.g. 33 pF) may improve ADC performance further.
This capacitor attenuates the ADC kick-back even
more, and minimizes the kicks traveling towards the
source. However, the impedance match seen into the
transformer becomes worse.
Clock Input and Jitter considerations
Typically high-speed ADCs use both clock edges to
generate internal timing signals. In the HMCAD1040-40
only the rising edge of the clock is used. Hence,
input clock duty cycles between 20% and 80% are
acceptable.
The input clock can be supplied in a variety of formats.
The clock pins are AC-coupled internally. Hence a wide
common mode voltage range is accepted. Differential
clock sources as LVDS, LVPECL or differential sine
wave can be connected directly to the input pins.
For CMOS inputs, the CKN pin should be connected
to ground, and the CMOS clock signal should be
connected to CKP. For differential sine wave clock, the
input amplitude must be at least ± 800 mVpp.
The quality of the input clock is extremely important for
high-speed, high-resolution ADCs. The contribution to
SNR from clock jitter with a full scale signal at a given
frequency is shown in equation 1,
SNRjitter = 20 · log (2 · π · ƒIN · єt) (1)
where fIN is the signal frequency, and εt is the total
rms jitter measured in seconds. The rms jitter is the
total of all jitter sources including the clock generation
circuitry, clock distribution and internal ADC circuitry.
For applications where jitter may limit the obtainable
performance, it is of utmost importance to limit the clock
jitter. This can be obtained by using precise and stable
clock references (e.g. crystal oscillators with good jitter
specications) and make sure the clock distribution
is well controlled. It might be advantageous to use
analog power and ground planes to ensure low noise
on the supplies to all circuitry in the clock distribution.
It is of utmost importance to avoid crosstalk between
the ADC output bits and the clock and between the
analog input signal and the clock since such crosstalk
often results in harmonic distortion.
The jitter performance is improved with reduced rise
and fall times of the input clock. Hence, optimum jitter
performance is obtained with LVDS or LVPECL clock
with fast edges. CMOS and sine wave clock inputs will
result in slightly degraded jitter performance.
If the clock is generated by other circuitry, it should
be re-timed with a low jitter master clock as the last
operation before it is applied to the ADC clock input.
Digital Outputs
Digital output data are presented in parallel CMOS
form. The voltage on the OVDD pin sets the levels of the
CMOS outputs. The output drivers are dimensioned to
drive a wide range of loads for OVDD above 2.25V,
but it is recommended to minimize the load to ensure
as low transient switching currents and resulting noise
as possible. In applications with a large fanout or large