AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Description Features * * * * * * * * * Precision reference voltage AP431 : 2.495V 1% AP431A : 2.495V 0.5% Sink current capability: 200mA Minimum cathode current for regulation: 300A o Equivalent full-range temp coefficient: 30 ppm/ C Fast turn-on response Low dynamic output impedance: 0.2 Programmable output voltage to 36V Low output noise Packages: TO92-3L, SOT89-3L, SOP-8L, SOT23, SOT25, SC-59 The AP431 and AP431A are 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulators with guaranteed temperature stability over the applicable extended commercial temperature range. The output voltage may be set at any level greater than 2.495V (VREF) up to 36V merely by selecting two external resistors that act as a voltage divider network. These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2. Active output circuitry provides very sharp turn-on characteristics, making these devices excellent improved replacements for Zener diodes in many applications. The precise (+/-) 1% Reference voltage tolerance of the AP431/AP431A make it possible in many applications to avoid the use of a variable resistor, consequently saving cost and eliminating drift and reliability problems associated with it. Ordering Information A P 4 3 1 X X X Reference Voltage Tolerance: Blank : +/- 1% A : +/- 0.5% Note: Package Blank : Y : V : SA : W : R : Q : SO P-8L SO T89-3L TO 92-3L SO T23 SC59 SC59 SO T25 Packing Lead-Free Blank : Standard L : Lead-Free G : G reen (Note1) -U -B -7/-13 -A : : : : Tube Bulk Taping Am m o Box 1. Only for SOT23 and SC59 Device (Note 2) AP431(A)SA AP431(A)Q AP431(A)W AP431(A)R AP431(A) AP431(A)Y AP431(A)V Notes: X Package Packaging Code (Note 3) SA Q W R Y V SOT23 SOT25 SC59 SC59 SOP-8L SOT89-3L TO92-3L 7" Tape and Reel Part Quantity Number Suffix 3000/Tape & Reel 3000/Tape & Reel 3000/Tape & Reel 3000/Tape & Reel NA NA NA -7 -7 -7 -7 NA NA NA 13" Tape and Reel Ammo Box Part Part Quantity Number Quantity Number Suffix Suffix 10000/Tape & Reel 10000/Tape & Reel 10000/Tape & Reel 10000/Tape & Reel 2500/Tape & Reel 2500/Tape & Reel NA -13 -13 -13 -13 -13 -13 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2000/Box NA NA NA NA NA NA -A 2. Suffix "A" denotes AP431A device. 3. Pad layout as shown on Diodes Inc. suggested pad layout document AP02001, which can be found on our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf. AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 1 of 13 www.diodes.com AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Typical Application Circuit VIN VOUT + R1 Cin + Cout AP431 R2 VOUT = (1+R1/R2)VREF Precision Regulator Typical Application Circuit Typical Application Circuit Cathode (C) REF (R) + Cathode (C) VREF REF (R) Anode (A) Anode (A) AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 2 of 13 www.diodes.com AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Pin Configuration Pin Configuration (Top View ) Package SOT25 NC 1 NC 2 Package 5 ANODE SOP-8L 4 REF CATHODE SC-59 (Package Code -W) 3 Pin Configuration (Top View ) CATHODE 1 8 REF ANODE 2 7 ANODE ANODE 3 6 ANODE NC 4 5 NC 3 REF 3 REF SOT 23 ANODE 1 2 CATHODE ANODE 1 2 CATHODE 3 Cathode 3 CATHODE SOT89-3L 2 Anode 1 REF 2 REF 3 Cathode 2 Anode + TO92-3L 1 + ANODE + SC-59 (Package Code -R) 1 REF Absolute Maximum Ratings Cathode Voltage ..............................................................................................................................................................36V Continuous Cathode Current .......................................................................................................................... -10mA ~ 250mA Reference Input Current Range ....................................................................................................................................... 10mA Operating Temperature Range ...............................................................................................................-20C ~ 85C Lead Temperature.................................................................................................................................................... 260C Storage Temperature ..................................................................................................................................... -65C ~ 150C Power Dissipation (Notes 4, 5) SOT23 Package................................................................................................ 250mW SOT25 Package ................................................................................................ 250mW SC59 Package.............................................................................................................. 400mW SOP-8L Package ............................................................................................... 600mW SOT89-3L Package ................................................................ ............................... 800mW TO92-3L Package ............................................................................................. 780mW Note 4. Note 5. TJ, max =150C Ratings apply to ambient temperature at 25C AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 3 of 13 www.diodes.com AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Electrical Characteristics ( TA = 25oC, V+ = +5.0V, unless otherwise stated ) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS AP431 VKA = VREF, AP431A I KA = 10mA (Fig.1) VKA = VREF, IKA = 10mA, Ta = Full range (Fig.1) VKA = 10V ~VREF IKA = 10mA (Fig.2) VKA= 36V ~10V R1 = 10K,R2 = IKA= 10mA (Fig.2) R1 = 10K,R2 = IKA = 10mA Ta = Full range (Fig.2) VKA = VREF (Fig.1) VKA = 36V, VREF = 0V (Fig.3) V KA = VREF V KA = VREF IKA = 0.1mA ~ 15Ma Frequency 1KHz (Fig.1) Reference voltage Deviation of Reference input voltage over temperature (Note 6) Ratio of the change in Reference voltage to the change in Cathode voltage Reference input current Deviation of Reference input current over temperature Minimum Cathode current for regulation Off-state current Dynamic output impedance (Note 7) SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT VREF 2.470 2.482 2.495 2.520 2.507 V VREF 8.0 20 mV VREF VKA IREF -1.4 -1 1.4 -2.0 -2 3.5 mV/V mV/V A IREF 0.4 1.2 A IKA(MIN) IKA(OFF) 0.19 0.1 0.5 1.0 mA A |ZKA| 0.2 0.5 VMAX VDEV = VMAX - VMIN VMIN TI Temperature T2 Note: 6. Deviation of reference input voltage, VDEV, is defined as the maximum variation of the reference over the full temperature range. The average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage VREF is defined as: VDEV ) 10 6 VREF (25C) .............................................. ( ppm ) = C T2 - T1 ( VREF Where: T2 - T1 = full temperature change. VREF can be positive or negative depending on whether the slope is positive or negative. Note: 7. The dynamic output impedance, RZ, is defined as: Z KA = V KA IKA When the device is programmed with two external resistors R1 and R2 (see Figure 2.), the dynamic output impedance of the overall circuit, is defined as: ' Z KA = v Z KA i AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 (1 + R1 ) R2 4 of 13 www.diodes.com AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Test Circuits Input IN VKA IKA IKA VKA R1 VREF IN R2 VKA IREF VREF IZ(OFF) Note:VKA=VREF(1+R1/R2)+IREFxR1 Fig 1. Test Circuit for VKA= VREF AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 Fig 2. Test Circuit for VKA > VREF 5 of 13 www.diodes.com Fig 3. Test Circuit for Off-State Current AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Typical Performance Characteristics Cathode Current vs Cathode Voltage Cathode Current (uA) vs Cathode Voltage 600 VKA =Vref Ta=25oC Cathode Current (uA) Cathode Current (mA) 100 0 -100 0.5 -0.5 1.5 Cathode Voltage (v) -1.5 Reference Voltage vs Free-Air Temperature 200 0 -0.5 0 0.5 1.5 1 Cathode Voltage(v) 2 2.5 Reference Input Current vs Free Temperature 2495 2490 2485 2480 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Free-Air Temperature (oC) Reference Input Current (uA) 2 2500 Reference Voltage (mV) 400 -200 -1 2.5 VKA =Vref Ta=25oC 1.8 R1=10K IKA=10mA 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Free-Air Temperature (oC) 100 125 Change in Reference Voltage (mv) Change in Reference Voltage vs Cathode Voltage 0 -2 IKA=10mA Ta=25oC -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 0 5 AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 10 15 20 Cathode Voltage (V) 25 30 6 of 13 www.diodes.com AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Typical Performance Characteristics ( Continued ) Small-Signal Voltage Amplification vs Frequency IKA=10mA TA=25oC 50 Output 15K 40 + 9F 30 IKA 232 + - AV-Small Signal Voltage Amplification (dB) 60 - 8.25K GND 20 Test Circuit for Voltage Amplification 10 0 10K 1K 100K f-Frequency-Hz 1M 10M Reference Impedance vs Frequency | ZKA | Reference Impedance () 100 I KA=10mA o TA =25 C 1K Output I KA 10 50 + GND 1 Test Circuit for Reference Impedance 0.1 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M f-Frequency-Hz AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 7 of 13 www.diodes.com AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Typical Performance Characteristics ( Continued ) Pulse Response 6 TA=25oC Input Input and Output Voltage-V 5 220 4 Pulse Generator f=100kHz 3 Output 50 Output GND 2 Test Circuit for Pulse Response 1 0 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 t-Time-S 150 STABILITY BOUNDARY CONDITIONS 100 90 IKA-Cathode Current-mA 80 TA=25oC A VKA=Vref I KA B VKA=5V C VKA=10V D VKA=15V CL B VBATT C Stable 50 - Stable 70 60 + Test Circuit for Curve A A 40 30 D I KA 20 10 CL 0 0.001 R2 0.01 0.1 1 C L-Load Capacitance-F 10 The areas under the curves represent conditions that may cause the device to oscillate. For curves B, C, and D, R2 and V+ were adjusted to establish the initial V KA and I KA conditions with C L =0.V BATT and CL were then adjusted to determine the ranges of stability. AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 150 R1=10K 8 of 13 www.diodes.com + - VBATT Test Circuit for Curve B, C, and D AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Application Examples VIN V IN R CL R R1B R1A ON R2A R2B I OUT V IN + OFF LED on when Low Limit < V < High Limit IN (1+R1B/R2B) Low Limit V REF (1+R1A/R2A) High Limit V Delay = RC x ln ( VIN V -V IN ) I OUT = V REF / RCL REF REF Fig. 5 Delay Timer Fig. 4 Voltage Monitor V IN I OUT Fig. 6 Current Limiter or Current Source V IN V OUT V IN R1 R1 R2 R2 RS LIMIT V OUT = (1 + R1/R2) x VREF I OUT = V REF / RS Fig. 7 Constant-Current Sink V OUT PUSE Fig. 8 Higher-Current Shunt Regulator (1 + R1/R2) x VREF Fig. 9 Crow Bar VIN R1A R1B + R2A R2B Low Limit High Limit Output ON when Low Limit <VIN < High Limit V BE V REF (1 + R1B/R2B) +VBE VREF (1 + R1A/R2A) Fig.10 Over-Voltage / Under-Voltage Protection Circuit AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 9 of 13 www.diodes.com AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Package Diagrams ( All Dimensions in mm ) (1) SOT25 (2) SC59 2.70/3.00 Typ 2.80 TOP VIEW 2.70/ 3.00 1.90 2.90/3.10 Typ 3.00 2.90/3.10 1.00/1.30 Typ 1.10 0.013/0.10 Typ 0.05 1.50/ 1.70 TOP VIEW 1.50/1.70 Typ 1.60 0.35/0.50 1.00/ 1.30 0.10/0.20 Typ 0.15 Typ Typ 0.95 0.55 0.10/0.20 0.013/0.10 0.35/0.55 Typ 0.40 0.95 0.35/0.55 0/8 (3) SOT23 (4) SOP-8L 8 2.30/2.50 1.20/1.40 0.37/0.51 5.90/6.10 Typ 6.00 4 1 TOP VIEW 0.45/0.60 5 0.89/ 1.03 1.80/2.00 2.80/3.00 3.80/3.90 Typ 3.85 ll s ide ) 0?8 R 1 0. 0.08/0.25 Typ 0.15 4.85/4.95 Typ 4.90 1.27 10 of 13 www.diodes.com 3 1.40/1.50 Typ 1.45 0.35 X 45 0.085/0.180 0.013/ 0.10 0.45/0.61 AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 0.30/0.50 Typ 0.40 (A 4 0.903/ 1.10 9 3.85/3.95 Typ 3.90 0.60/0.70 Typ 0.65 0.15/0.25 Typ 0.20 0.60/0 Typ .80 0.70 AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Package Diagrams ( Continued ) ( All Dimensions in mm ) (5) SOT89-3L (6) TO92-3L AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 11 of 13 www.diodes.com AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Marking Information (1) SOT23/SOT25/SC59 ( T o p V ie w ) S O T 2 3 /S O T 2 5 /S C 5 9 D a te C o d e XX YM X Y :Year M : M o n th (A ~ L ) M a rk in g C o d e L e a d - F re e B la n k : S ta n d a rd L : L e a d - F re e G : G re e n (N o te 1 ) Note: 1. Only for SOT23 and SC59 (2) SOP ( Top view ) Logo Date code YY : Year WW: Nth week AP431 X YYWW X Lead Free Blank: Standard L: Lead Free Package G: Green Accuracy Blank: 2 . 495 1 % A : 2 . 495 0 . 5 % (3) SOT89-3L (T o p V ie w ) S O T 8 9 -3 L M a rk in g C o d e XX YM X D a te C o d e L e a d - F re e B la n k : S ta n d a rd Y :Year L : L e a d -F re e M : M o n th (A ~ L ) G : G re e n AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 12 of 13 www.diodes.com AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Marking Information ( Continued ) (4) TO92-3L ( Top view ) Accuracy AP431 X YWW X X Blank: 2.495 1% A : 2.495 0.5% Date code Internal code Lead Free Y : Year WW: Nth week Blank: normal L: Lead Free Package Marking Code Table Device AP431SA AP431ASA AP431Q AP431AQ AP431W AP431AW AP431R AP431AR AP431Y AP431AY Package(Note 8) Marking Code Date Code D1 D2 A2 A3 A6 A7 A8 A9 A4 A5 YM YM YM YM YM YM YM YM YM YM SOT23 SOT23 SOT25 SOT25 SC59 SC59 SC59 SC59 SOT89-3L SOT89-3L Notes: 8. For Packaging Details, go to our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02007.pdf. IMPORTANT NOTICE Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications , enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to any product herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product described herein ; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights , nor the rights of others. The user of products in such applications shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on our website , harmless against all damages. LIFE SUPPORT Diodes Incorporated products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the expressed written approval of the President of Diodes Incorporated. AP431/AP431A Rev. 1 13 of 13 www.diodes.com AUGUST 2006 (c) Diodes Incorporated